Abstract: Disclosed is a wavelength tunable laser apparatus, including: a first substrate configured to reflect inflow laser light, and tune a wavelength of the reflected laser light; and a second substrate configured to adjust a gain of the laser light input from the first substrate, reflect a specific wavelength of the laser light, and adjust a phase of oscillated laser light, in which the first substrate and the second substrate are formed in a single package form.

Abstract: Provided are a high-speed superluminescent diode, a method of manufacturing the same, and a wavelength-tunable external cavity laser including the same. The superluminescent diode includes a substrate having an active region and an optical mode size conversion region, waveguides including an ridge waveguide in the active region and a deep ridge waveguide in the optical mode size conversion region connected to the active waveguide, an electrode disposed on the ridge waveguide; planarizing layers disposed on sides of the ridge waveguide and the deep ridge waveguide on the substrate, and a pad electrically connected to the electrode, the pad being disposed on the planarizing layers outside the active waveguide.

Abstract: A secret key generation apparatus and method are provided. The secret key generation apparatus includes at least one antenna, amplification/phase controllers, a transceiver, and a random signal controller. The antenna receives a wireless signal from a counterpart terminal that performs wireless communication. The amplification/phase controllers control the amplification gain and phase of the wireless signal that is received via at least one antenna. The transceiver measures the status of a wireless channel using the wireless signal having the controlled amplification gain and phase, determines parameters based on results of the measurement, and generates a secret key based on results of the determination. The random signal controller controls the amplification/phase controllers so that the amplification gain and phase are adjusted whenever the transceiver generates a secret key.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a user input unit, a display unit, a control unit, and a buffer unit. The display unit includes a speed setting menu. The control unit selects a mode from the speed setting menu in response to the selection signal of the user, and controls a compression ratio of a voice codec and a transfer rate of a modem corresponding to a transmission-side radio, and a reception rate of a modem and a restoration rate of a voice codec corresponding to a reception-side radio, based on the selected mode. The buffer unit performs a storage function if there is a difference between the compression ratio of the voice codec and the transfer rate of the modem or if there is a difference between the reception rate of the modem and the restoration rate of the voice codec.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a tunable laser module including a light gain area unit for outputting an optical signal; an optical distributor for separating the optical signal output from the light gain area unit; two comb reflection units for reflecting a part of optical signals separated by the optical distributor and allow a part of the optical signals to penetrate; two phase units for changing phases of the optical signals penetrating the two comb reflection units; an optical coupler for combining the optical signals of which the phases are changed by the two phase units; and an optical amplifier for amplifying the optical signal combined by the optical coupler, wherein the light gain area unit oscillates a laser by totally reflecting the optical signals reflected by the two comb reflection units.

Abstract: Provided are a high-speed superluminescent diode, a method of manufacturing the same, and a wavelength-tunable external cavity laser including the same. The superluminescent diode includes a substrate having an active region and an optical mode size conversion region, waveguides including an ridge waveguide in the active region and a deep ridge waveguide in the optical mode size conversion region connected to the active waveguide, an electrode disposed on the ridge waveguide; planarizing layers disposed on sides of the ridge waveguide and the deep ridge waveguide on the substrate, and a pad electrically connected to the electrode, the pad being disposed on the planarizing layers outside the active waveguide.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device (OLED) which exhibits superior light extraction efficiency due to an extraction structure for dipole light generated from an organic light-emitting layer. The OLED includes a first glass substrate, a first electrode disposed on the first glass substrate, an organic light-emitting layer disposed on the first electrode, a second electrode disposed on the organic light-emitting layer, and a second glass substrate disposed on the second electrode. The second electrode has a composite electrode structure including a first transparent electrode layer and a second transparent electrode layer stacked on each other, the refractive index of the second transparent electrode layer being higher than the refractive index of the first transparent electrode layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a compact external cavity tunable laser apparatus. The laser apparatus includes a substrate, an external cavity tunable reflecting unit that reflects laser light entering from the outside on the substrate and selects and varies a wavelength of the reflected laser light, an optical fiber that outputs the laser light on the substrate; and an highly integrated light source that integrates the laser light input from the external cavity tunable reflecting unit using inclined input and output waveguides, a curved waveguide, and a straight waveguide to output the integrated laser light to the optical fiber in order to match an optical axis formed with the external cavity tunable reflecting unit with an optical axis formed with an optical fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch panel. The touch panel includes a first substrate; a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate; an electrode on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate for detecting a position; and a piezoelectric part having an elasticity which varies depending on an electric field induced by the electrode, wherein the piezoelectric part includes a base and particles distributed into the base, and the base includes a polymer material having elasticity.

Abstract: A light extraction substrate which can realize a superior light extraction efficiency when applied to an organic light-emitting device, and an organic light-emitting device having the same. The light extraction substrate includes a base substrate and a matrix layer. One surface of the matrix layer adjoins to the base substrate, and the other surface of the matrix layer adjoins to an organic light-emitting diode. The light extraction substrate also includes a rod array disposed inside the matrix layer. The rod array includes at least one rod which is arranged in a direction normal to the one surface of the matrix layer. The rod array and a cathode of the organic light-emitting diode form an antenna structure which guides light generated from the organic light-emitting diode to be emitted in the normal direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a paste composition for printing including conductive powders, a binder, a dispersing agent, and a solvent. The dispersing agent includes a block copolymer of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-polypropylene oxide (PPO)-polyethylene oxide (PEO), or a block copolymer of polypropylene oxide (PPO)-polyethylene oxide (PEO)-polypropylene oxide (PPO).

Abstract: An information protection system includes a mobile terminal and an encryption module. The mobile terminal requests a key sequence by transmitting a message including a Personal Identification Number (PIN) number input by a user, and encrypts or decrypts one or more communication signals, including voice signals and data signals, based on the key sequence when the key sequence is received. The encryption module is connected to the mobile terminal. The encryption module encrypts a security key using the identifier and the PIN number of the mobile terminal, decrypts the encrypted security when requested by the mobile terminal, and transmits the key sequence generated based on the decrypted security key to the mobile terminal.

Abstract: A WCDMA 3G voice communication protection method and a terminal using the method are provided. The method is performed by a terminal operating in conjunction with an S-USIM for voice communication protection. When a calling terminal connects a voice communication channel to a called terminal, secure voice communication is prepared for by collecting information about relevant voice communication. At the calling terminal, synchronous data is set by exchanging the voice communication information with the called terminal, and a secure synchronization procedure is performed based on the set synchronous data. At each of S-USIMs that operate in conjunction with the calling and called terminals, a session key for secure voice communication is generated based on the synchronous data. Secure communication is performed by encrypting and transmitting voice-coded data to be transmitted based on the session key, and decrypting and reproducing received voice-coded data based on the session key.

Abstract: A portable electronic device adapted to change its operation mode is disclosed. When a rotation of the portable electronic device is detected, the operation mode is changed according to the angle of rotation, and a user interface corresponding to the changed operation mode is output by a display unit. This method intuitively changes the mode based on a rotation of the device without requiring a complicated and unnecessary key input, and provides a more convenient and faster user interface.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a compact external cavity tunable laser apparatus. The laser apparatus includes a substrate, an external cavity tunable reflecting unit that reflects laser light entering from the outside on the substrate and selects and varies a wavelength of the reflected laser light, an optical fiber that outputs the laser light on the substrate; and an highly integrated light source that integrates the laser light input from the external cavity tunable reflecting unit using inclined input and output waveguides, a curved waveguide, and a straight waveguide to output the integrated laser light to the optical fiber in order to match an optical axis formed with the external cavity tunable reflecting unit with an optical axis formed with an optical fiber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a tunable laser module including a light gain area unit for outputting an optical signal; an optical distributor for separating the optical signal output from the light gain area unit; two comb reflection units for reflecting a part of optical signals separated by the optical distributor and allow a part of the optical signals to penetrate; two phase units for changing phases of the optical signals penetrating the two comb reflection units; an optical coupler for combining the optical signals of which the phases are changed by the two phase units; and an optical amplifier for amplifying the optical signal combined by the optical coupler, wherein the light gain area unit oscillates a laser by totally reflecting the optical signals reflected by the two comb reflection units.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating various waste petroleum into eco-friendly solid so that leaching of oil would not occur. The method of the present invention can treat radioactive waste petroleum as well as various waste petroleum, thereby stabilizing waste petroleum chemically and physically, wherein the method comprises mixing waste petroleum with a sulfuric acid and a nitric acid; adding sodium hydroxide, thereby carrying out a polymerization reaction to produce solid particles; colloidizing a mixture obtained by uniformly stirring the solid particles; adding a diisocyanate compound in reactor, thereby carrying out a subsequent polymerization reaction to obtain a new compound in the form of powder; discharging a generated gas into the atmosphere; and filling the powder into a resin as a filling material and compression molding and reclaiming the filled powder.

Abstract: A secret key generation apparatus and method are provided. The secret key generation apparatus includes at least one antenna, amplification/phase controllers, a transceiver, and a random sign& controller. The antenna receives a wireless signal from a counterpart terminal that performs wireless communication. The amplification/phase controllers control the amplification gain and phase of the wireless signal that is received via at least one antenna. The transceiver measures the status of a wireless channel using the wireless signal having the controlled amplification gain and phase, determines parameters based on results of the measurement, and generates a secret key based on results of the determination. The random signal controller controls the amplification/phase controllers so that the amplification gain and phase are adjusted whenever the transceiver generates a secret key.

Abstract: A WCDMA 3G voice communication protection method and a terminal using the method are provided. The method is performed by a terminal operating in conjunction with an S-USIM for voice communication protection. When a calling terminal connects a voice communication channel to a called terminal, secure voice communication is prepared for by collecting information about relevant voice communication. At the calling terminal, synchronous data is set by exchanging the voice communication information with the called terminal, and a secure synchronization procedure is performed based on the set synchronous data. At each of S-USIMs that operate in conjunction with the calling and called terminals, a session key for secure voice communication is generated based on the synchronous data. Secure communication is performed by encrypting and transmitting voice-coded data to be transmitted based on the session key, and decrypting and reproducing received voice-coded data based on the session key.

Abstract: Provided is a laser module. The laser module comprises: a substrate; an gain unit oscillating a laser light on the substrate; an external resonance reflecting unit total-reflecting the laser light at an external of the substrate adjacent to one side of the gain unit; and an inner resonance reflecting unit reflecting the laser light to the external resonance reflecting unit at the substrate between the modulating unit and gain unit and outputting the laser light to the modulating unit.