Abstract: A system for combining power includes a plurality of branches and a secondary winding. The plurality of branches are configured to provide branch power. Each of the branches contribute to the branch power at non-peak power. The secondary winding is configured to combine the branch power from the plurality of branches into an output power.

Abstract: Provided are a recombinant strain for preparing a terpenoid, and method for constructing the recombinant strain. Also provided is a recombinant bacterium 1, the recombinant bacterium 1 being a recombinant bacterium obtained in order to improve the enzymatic activity of ?-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in escherichia coli or the mutant thereof. The method for improving the enzymatic activity of ?-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in escherichia coli or the mutant thereof is replacing the original regulating element of the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase gene (sucAB) in escherichia coli or the mutant thereof with any of the following regulating elements: artificial regulating element M1-46, M1-37, and M1-93. Also provided are a plurality of recombinant bacteria.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a power amplifier having power amplifier cells located in a die, conductive contacts overlying a surface of the die and coupled to the amplifier cells, and conductive lines overlying a surface of the die between the conductive contacts and coupled to the power amplifier cells. Additional apparatus are described.

Abstract: A system for combining power includes a plurality of branches and a secondary winding. The plurality of branches are configured to provide branch power. Each of the branches contribute to the branch power at non-peak power. The secondary winding is configured to combine the branch power from the plurality of branches into an output power.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a power amplifier having power amplifier cells located in a die, conductive contacts overlying a surface of the die and coupled to the amplifier cells, and conductive lines overlying a surface of the die between the conductive contacts and coupled to the power amplifier cells. Additional apparatus are described.

Abstract: Examples are disclosed for outphasing power combining by antenna. In some examples, a device such as a wireless device may route a first signal to a first branch of an outphasing power amplifier system and route a second signal to a second outphasing power amplifier system. The outputs of the first branch and the second branch may be directly coupled to an antenna. The antenna may be arranged to operate as a power combiner for signals outputted from the first and the second branches of the outphasing power amplifier system. A power combined signal may then be transmitted from the antenna. Other examples are described and claimed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus including a transmitter amplifier having an output terminal communicatively coupled to a transmission line to output a first set of radio frequency (RF) signals to an antenna. The apparatus may include a receiver amplifier having an input terminal communicatively coupled to the transmission line to receive a second set of RF signals from the antenna. The apparatus may include a passive network coupled between the transmitter amplifier and the receiver amplifier, the passive network being configurable to cancel either a first reactance of a parasitic capacitance of the transmitter amplifier or second reactance of a parasitic capacitance of the receiver amplifier. The apparatus may also include a switch coupled between the input terminal and a voltage reference to selectively configure the passive network to cancel either the first reactance or the second reactance. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: Examples are disclosed for outphasing power combining by antenna. In some examples, a device such as a wireless device may route a first signal to a first branch of an outphasing power amplifier system and route a second signal to a second outphasing power amplifier system. The outputs of the first branch and the second branch may be directly coupled to an antenna. The antenna may be arranged to operate as a power combiner for signals outputted from the first and the second branches of the outphasing power amplifier system. A power combined signal may then be transmitted from the antenna. Other examples are described and claimed.

Abstract: A digitally configurable transformer that performs switched transformer combining is disclosed. The flexible transformer includes switches that are dynamically configurable to efficiently combine RF power from power amplifier cores to achieve different power levels. The disclosed transformer is efficient at a broad range of power levels, leading to high power output efficiency. The transformer may be part of any power amplifier design that uses the transformer for power combining.

Abstract: A method, system, apparatus and article are described for optimizing transformer power combiners and for dynamically controlling power for outphasing power amplifiers. In some embodiments, for example, an apparatus may comprise one or more outphasing power amplifiers, one or more phase modulator modules coupled to and operative to dynamically control the one or more outphasing power amplifiers, and one or more power combiners coupled to and operative to combine outputs from the one or more outphasing power amplifiers, wherein the one or more power combiners comprise transformer power combiners arranged to combine outphasing signals using a primary inductor and differential signals using a secondary inductor. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A digitally configurable transformer that performs switched transformer combining is disclosed. The flexible transformer includes switches that are dynamically configurable to efficiently combine RF power from power amplifier cores to achieve different power levels. The disclosed transformer is efficient at a broad range of power levels, leading to high power output efficiency. The transformer may be part of any power amplifier design that uses the transformer for power combining.

Abstract: In one embodiment a universal front end module for network communications is disclosed. The module can include a mode controller coupled to components of a transmission path. A first tunable filter on a transmit path can receive a mode control signal from the mode controller and receive a signal to be transmitted and provide a filtered output signal responsive to the mode control signal and the signal to be transmitted. The mode control signal can be associated with a predetermined network protocol such as WiMax, a WiFi, a 3G LTE and a cellular standard where each standard has a predetermined operating frequency and protocol. The module can also include a tunable power amplifier to provide an amplified transmittable signal over a single transmit path can be utilized to transmit the transmittable signal in at least two different modes responsive to the mode controller.

Abstract: A method, system, apparatus and article are described for optimizing transformer power combiners and for dynamically controlling power for outphasing power amplifiers. In some embodiments, for example, an apparatus may comprise one or more outphasing power amplifiers, one or more phase modulator modules coupled to and operative to dynamically control the one or more outphasing power amplifiers, and one or more power combiners coupled to and operative to combine outputs from the one or more outphasing power amplifiers, wherein the one or more power combiners comprise transformer power combiners arranged to combine outphasing signals using a primary inductor and differential signals using a secondary inductor. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An integrated balun includes a low pass filter and a high pass filter that are formed on a semiconductor chip using tunable reactive elements. The outputs of the low pass filter and the high pass filter are tied together to form the single ended output of the balun. The inputs of the low pass filter and the high pass filter form the differential inputs of the balun. The low pass filter and the high pass filter each include a number of tunable networks for achieving the tunable reactive elements. Each tunable network includes at least one switching transistor and at least one fixed value reactive elements. In at least one embodiment, dynamic biasing circuitry may be provided to improve the linearity and reduce the insertion loss of the balun.

Abstract: An integrated, multi-band radio frequency (RF) filter is capable of modifying a filter response thereof in response to control information. Switching elements within the filter can be changed between on and off conditions to modify the filter response. In one implementation, the integrated, multi-band filter is integrated on a front end module chip to be used within a multi-radio wireless device. In at least one embodiment, linearity enhancement circuitry is provided within a multi-band filter to improve linearity and reduce insertion loss.

Abstract: A flexible power amplifier can be adapted during operation for use in connection with two or more different wireless standards. In at least one embodiment, adaptations to power transistor size, RF bias current, and matching are made when a corresponding multi-standard wireless device changes the wireless standard under which it is currently operating.

Abstract: Dynamic biasing techniques are used to enhance both linearity and efficiency within a transistor power amplifier. In at least one embodiment, as the power level being processed by a transistor increases toward a saturation point, a transistor is moved from class B or class AB operation toward class A operation. This increases the linearity of operation (because class A operation is typically highly linear) without a corresponding decrease in efficiency (because efficiency typically peaks near saturation). Similarly, as the power level decreases from the saturation point, the transistor is moved from class A or class AB operation toward class B operation. This increases the efficiency (because class B operation is more efficient than class A or AB), while having little effect on linearity (because operation is moving away from saturation).

Abstract: An integrated, multi-band radio frequency (RF) filter is capable of modifying a filter response thereof in response to control information. Switching elements within the filter can be changed between on and off conditions to modify the filter response. In one implementation, the integrated, multi-band filter is integrated on a front end module chip to be used within a multi-radio wireless device. In at least one embodiment, linearity enhancement circuitry is provided within a multi-band filter to improve linearity and reduce insertion loss.

Abstract: Dynamic biasing techniques are used to enhance both linearity and efficiency within a transistor power amplifier. In at least one embodiment, as the power level being processed by a transistor increases toward a saturation point, a transistor is moved from class B or class AB operation toward class A operation. This increases the linearity of operation (because class A operation is typically highly linear) without a corresponding decrease in efficiency (because efficiency typically peaks near saturation). Similarly, as the power level decreases from the saturation point, the transistor is moved from class A or class AB operation toward class B operation. This increases the efficiency (because class B operation is more efficient than class A or AB), while having little effect on linearity (because operation is moving away from saturation).

Abstract: An integrated balun includes a low pass filter and a high pass filter that are formed on a semiconductor chip using tunable reactive elements. The outputs of the low pass filter and the high pass filter are tied together to form the single ended output of the balun. The inputs of the low pass filter and the high pass filter form the differential inputs of the balun. The low pass filter and the high pass filter each include a number of tunable networks for achieving the tunable reactive elements. Each tunable network includes at least one switching transistor and at least one fixed value reactive elements. In at least one embodiment, dynamic biasing circuitry may be provided to improve the linearity and reduce the insertion loss of the balun.