Abstract: A negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery, the negative electrode including: a current collector; a negative active material layer on the current collector; and a coating layer directly contacting the negative active material layer, the coating layer including an organic material and an inorganic material, is disclosed. A rechargeable lithium battery including the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of automatically targeting a target object, the method including setting a target range including a designated distance from a user-controlled character and a designated horizontal angle centering at a location of the character, selecting at least one target object included in the set target range, and displaying a shape distinguishable from a shape of the target object at a location near the at least one selected target object, wherein the target object is an object the character is able to attack from among objects in a computer game.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method of forming micropatterns, including: forming an etching target film on a substrate; forming a photosensitivity assisting layer on the etching target film, the photosensitivity assisting layer being terminated with a hydrophilic group; forming an adhesive layer on the photosensitivity assisting layer, the adhesive layer forming a covalent bond with the hydrophilic group; forming a hydrophobic photoresist film on the adhesive layer; and patterning the photoresist film.

Abstract: Provided are an electrolyte for a lithium metal battery and a lithium metal battery including the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte includes: first inorganic particles having an average size of about 10 nm to about 100 nm; second inorganic particles having a average size larger than the average size of the first inorganic particles; an ion-conductive polymer; and a lithium salt, wherein a size ratio of the first inorganic particles to the second inorganic particles is about 1:9 to about 1:20.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composite electrolyte, including: a network web formed of a fiber containing a polymer and inorganic particles, wherein a content of the inorganic particles is 5 wt % or less based on a total weight of the composite electrolyte, a preparing method thereof, and a lithium metal battery including the same.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate including a lower wiring, a first interlayer insulating film disposed on the substrate and including a first region and a second region over the first region, an etch stop film on the first interlayer insulating film, a second interlayer insulating film on the etch stop film, a first upper wiring in the second interlayer insulating film, the etch stop film, and the second region of the first interlayer insulating film and the first upper wiring is spaced apart from the lower wiring and a via in the first region of the first interlayer insulating film, and the via connects the lower wiring and the first upper wiring, wherein the first upper wiring includes a first portion in the second interlayer insulating film, and a second portion in the etch stop film and the second region of the first interlayer insulating film, and a sidewall of the second portion of the first upper wiring includes a stepwise shape.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) device includes a lower wiring structure including a lower metal film. The lower wiring structure penetrates at least a portion of a first insulating film disposed over a substrate. The IC device further includes a capping layer covering a top surface of the lower metal film, a second insulating film covering the capping layer, an upper wiring structure penetrating the second insulating film and the capping layer, and electrically connected to the lower metal film, and an air gap disposed between the lower metal film and the second insulating film. The air gap has a width defined by a distance between the capping layer and the upper wiring structure.

Abstract: A positive active material composition for a lithium secondary battery includes a positive active material that allows intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions, a binder, and a conductive agent. The conductive agent includes a first conductive agent having an average particle diameter (D50) ranging from about 20 nanometers (nm) to about 40 nm and a second conductive agent having a D50 ranging from about 1 micrometer (?m) to about 5 ?m.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) device includes a lower wiring structure including a lower metal film. The lower wiring structure penetrates at least a portion of a first insulating film disposed over a substrate. The IC device further includes a capping layer covering a top surface of the lower metal film, a second insulating film covering the capping layer, an upper wiring structure penetrating the second insulating film and the capping layer, and electrically connected to the lower metal film, and an air gap disposed between the lower metal film and the second insulating film. The air gap has a width defined by a distance between the capping layer and the upper wiring structure.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a metal film and a complex capping layer covering a top surface of the metal film. The metal film includes a first metal, and penetrates at least a portion of an insulating film formed over a substrate. The complex capping layer includes a conductive alloy capping layer covering the top surface of the metal film, and an insulating capping layer covering a top surface of the conductive alloy capping layer and a top surface of the insulating film. The conductive alloy capping layer includes a semiconductor element and a second metal different from the first metal. The insulating capping layer includes a third metal.

Abstract: A positive active material composition for a lithium secondary battery includes a positive active material that allows intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions, a binder, and a conductive agent. The conductive agent includes a first conductive agent having an average particle diameter (D50) ranging from about 20 nanometers (nm) to about 40 nm and a second conductive agent having a D50 ranging from about 1 micrometer (?m) to about 5 ?m.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a cathode; an anode; and an electrolyte between the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte includes a first electrolyte layer including a first polymer, a first lithium salt, and a first particle inorganic material having an average particle diameter (D50) of less than 500 nm; and a second electrolyte layer including a second polymer, a second lithium salt, and a second particle inorganic material having an average particle diameter (D50) of 500 nm or greater, wherein the first electrolyte layer is disposed in a direction facing the anode.

Abstract: A separator for a battery and an electronic device, the separator including a separator substrate; and a separator coating layer coated on at least one surface of the separator substrate, the separator coating layer including a binder and at least one quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator includes a substrate having a first side facing the negative electrode and a second side facing the positive electrode. A first layer is positioned on the first side of the substrate and includes an organic material, and a second layer is positioned on the second side of the substrate and includes an inorganic material.

Abstract: A separator includes an inorganic coating layer including an inorganic oxide filler and a binder having a core-shell particle structure mixed therein and coated on one surface or both surfaces of the separator. A nonaqueous lithium secondary battery includes: a positive electrode; a negative electrode on the positive electrode; and the separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

Abstract: A separator for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a substrate; an organic layer on at least one side of the substrate and including an organic material; and an inorganic layer on at least one side of the substrate and including an inorganic material, where the organic material includes two or more organic particles having respective melting points that are different from each other. A rechargeable lithium battery includes the separator.

Abstract: A separator for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a substrate, an organic layer positioned on at least one side of the substrate and including an organic material and an inorganic layer positioned on at least one side of the substrate and including an inorganic material, wherein the organic material includes two or more kinds of organic particles having different particle sizes from each other.

Abstract: A method of automatically targeting a target object, the method including setting a target range including a designated distance from a user-controlled character and a designated horizontal angle centering at a location of the character, selecting at least one target object included in the set target range, and displaying a shape distinguishable from a shape of the target object at a location near the at least one selected target object, wherein the target object is an object the character is able to attack from among objects in a computer game.

Abstract: An engine having a variable valve timing mechanism may include a camshaft having a cam formed thereon for moving an intake or exhaust valve, a variable rotation unit disposed on the same axis with the camshaft to rotate the camshaft to have a retard angle chamber and an advance angle chamber for controlling a retard angle and an advance angle of the camshaft, a variable valve bolt having a fastening portion for fastening the variable rotation unit to the camshaft, and an oil control valve for making selective supply of hydraulic oil to the retard angle chamber and the advance angle chamber, and a valve controller disposed on an outer side of the variable rotation unit for controlling the oil control valve in the variable valve bolt.

Abstract: A separator for a battery and an electronic device, the separator including a separator substrate; and a separator coating layer coated on at least one surface of the separator substrate, the separator coating layer including a binder and at least one quaternary ammonium salt.