Abstract: Apparatus and methods for making metal-connected particle articles. A metal containing fluid is selectively applied to a layer of particles. The metal in the fluid is used to form metal connections between particles. The metal connections are formed at temperatures below the sintering temperature of the particles in the layer of particles.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for making metal-connected particle articles. A metal containing fluid is selectively applied to a layer of particles. The metal in the fluid is used to form metal connections between particles. The metal connections are formed at temperatures below the sintering temperature of the particles in the layer of particles.

Abstract: In one example, an apparatus for generating a three-dimensional object includes an energy source to apply energy to a layer of build material to cause a first portion of the layer to coalesce and solidify, an agent distributor to selectively deliver a cooling agent onto a second portion of the layer, and a controller to control the energy source to apply energy to the layer to cause the first portion to coalesce and solidify in a first pattern and to control the agent distributor to selectively deliver the cooling agent onto the second portion of the layer in a second pattern independent of the first pattern.

Abstract: To additively manufacture a 3D object, a layer of material is deposited onto a receiving surface. Droplets are selective deposited onto first portions of the layer with at least some droplets including at least a first color agent. A gas discharge illuminant selectively induces a first amount of heating in the first portions of the layer substantially greater than a second amount of heating in second portions of the layer omitting the first color agent.

Abstract: An example of a fusing agent includes a metal bis(dithiolene) complex, a thiol surfactant, a polar aprotic solvent, and a balance of water. In an example of a method of making the fusing agent, the metal bis(dithiolene) complex is exposed to an aqueous solution including a reducing agent and a thiol surfactant to form a reduced metal bis(dithiolene) complex and to dissolve the reduced metal bis(dithiolene) complex in the aqueous solution. The aqueous solution is incorporated into a vehicle including a water soluble organic solvent and an additive selected from the group consisting of an emulsifier, a surface tension reduction agent, a wetting agent, a scale inhibitor, an anti-deceleration agent, a chelating agent, an antimicrobial agent, and a combination thereof. The fusing agent may be utilized in a three-dimensional printing method and/or incorporated into a three-dimensional printing system.

Abstract: A cationic latex fixative for ink applications is provided. The cationic latex fixative derived from a combination of a cationic monomer, a nonionic monomer that provides softness to the latex, and a nonionic monomer that provide stiffness to the latex. A method of manufacturing the fixative and a method of printing the fixative are also provided.

Abstract: In an example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing method, a polymeric or polymeric composite build material is applied. A fusing agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material. The fusing agent includes a discolorable near-infrared absorbing dye, a thiol surfactant, a reducing agent, and a balance of water. Near-infrared radiation is applied to the polymeric or polymeric composite build material at a condition that maintains a temperature of the selectively applied fusing agent below a decomposition temperature of the fusing agent and that allows the discolorable near-infrared absorbing dye to harvest near-infrared radiation energy, in order to fuse the portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer and to initiate discoloration of the discolorable near-infrared absorbing dye in the layer.

Abstract: A three-dimensional object may be generated. Energy may be applied to a layer of build material to cause a first portion of the layer to coalesce and solidify in a first pattern. A cooling agent may be selectively delivered on a second portion of the layer of the build material to reduce a temperature of the second portion in a second pattern, the first and second patterns being independent of each other.

Abstract: An example of a fusing agent includes a tetraphenyldiamine-based dye, alkyldiphenyloxide disulfonate, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and a balance of water. The fusing agent excludes a strong reducing species. The fusing agent may be incorporated into a three-dimensional printing method or a three-dimensional printing system. In an example of the three-dimensional printing method, a polymeric or polymeric composite build material is applied. The fusing agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material. The polymeric or polymeric composite build material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation to fuse the portion of the polymeric or polymeric composite build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer.

Abstract: In an example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing method, a crystalline or semi-crystalline build material is applied. A temperature of the crystalline or semi-crystalline build material is maintained within 100° C. below a melting point of the crystalline or semi-crystalline build material. A melt flow property reduction agent is applied to at least a portion of the crystalline or semi-crystalline build material, and the at least the portion of the crystalline or semi-crystalline build material in contact with the melt flow property reduction agent melts or coalesces at the temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn material sets, coalescent fluids, and 3-dimensional printing systems. An example material set can include an amorphous polymer powder having an average particle size from 1 micron to 300 microns, and a coalescent fluid including a viscosity reducing agent.

Abstract: In an example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing method, a polymeric build material is applied. A fusing agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the polymeric build material. A mechanical tailoring agent is selectively applied on at least a region of the portion. The polymeric build material is exposed to radiation, thereby fusing the at least the portion of the polymeric build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer. The mechanical tailoring agent forms a composite layer in the at least the region, and the composite layer has a different mechanical property than that of an area of the layer not in contact with the mechanical tailoring agent.

Abstract: According to an example, a composition may include a high melt temperature build material in the form of a powder; a first low melt temperature binder in the form of a powder; and a second low melt temperature binder in the form of a powder, and in which the first low melt temperature binder melts at a temperature that is different from the second low melt temperature binder.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) printing method includes applying a build material composition having a polymer particle and a radiation absorbing additive mixed with the polymer particle, the radiation absorbing additive being selected from the group consisting of inorganic near-infrared absorbers, organic near-infrared absorbers, and combinations thereof. The build material composition is preheated to a temperature below the melting temperature of the polymer particle by exposing the build material composition to radiation, the radiation absorbing additive increasing radiation absorption and accelerating the pre-heating of the build material composition. A fusing agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the build material composition. The method further includes exposing the build material composition to radiation, whereby at least the polymer particle in the at least the portion of the build material composition in contact with the fusing agent at least partially fuses.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to coalescent inks and material sets, such as for 3D printing. In one example, the coalescent ink can include a conjugated polymer, a colorant imparting a visible color to the coalescent ink, and an ink vehicle comprising a high boiling point co-solvent having a boiling point of 250° C. or greater. The high boiling point co-solvent can be present in an amount from about 1 wt % to about 4 wt % with respect to the coalescent ink.

Abstract: In an example of a method for forming three-dimensional (3D) printed electronics, a build material is applied. A fusing agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the build material. The build material is exposed to radiation and the portion of the build material in contact with the fusing agent fuses to form a layer. An electronic agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the layer, which imparts an electronic property to the at least the portion of the layer.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for making metal-connected particle articles. A metal containing fluid is selectively applied to a layer of particles. The metal in the fluid is used to form metal connections between particles. The metal connections are formed at temperatures below the sintering temperature of the particles in the layer of particles.

Abstract: Example described herein include a three-dimensional printer a threedimensional printing device that includes a fusible material applicator to apply a layer of fusible material, a inhibiting material applicator to apply a patterned layer of inhibiting material to establish exposed regions of the layer of fusible material and blocked regions of the layer of fusible material based on information corresponding to a three-dimensional model, and a photonic energy emitter to apply photonic energy to fuse the exposed regions of the layer of fusible material.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing low effective density TiO2 includes providing a template having a surface. The template surface is coated with a titanium-containing compound that can be reduced to TiO2 at high temperature. The template is removed, thereby forming porous TiO2 particles. The effective density of the porous TiO2 particles is less than 4.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing build material composition includes a polymer particle, and a radiation absorbing additive mixed with the polymer particle. The radiation absorbing additive has a particle size ranging from about 1 ?m to about 100 ?m, and the radiation absorbing additive is to absorb incident radiation having wavelengths ranging from 700 nm to 10 ?m.