Abstract: A multi-layer record carrier is for recording information by writing marks in a track. The record carrier has a first recording layer (40) and a second recording layer (41), and each recording layer has a pregroove (14) indicating the position of the track according to an opposite track path. The pregroove exhibits a modulated wobble for representing control information. A lead-in part of the pregroove has first control information for the first recording layer, and the lead-out part on the second recording layer has second control information including recording parameters for the second recording layer. The device the device has a head (22) for providing the beam and wobble detection means (32) for retrieving control information from each layer.

Abstract: An implantable medical device for delivering a therapeutic output to a patient, comprising: a rechargeable electrical power source having a useful life; a therapeutic delivery device operatively coupled to the power source and adapted to deliver the therapeutic output to the patient; a power source recharge timing indicator operatively coupled to the power source, wherein the timing indicator includes means for determining and communicating when the remaining usage time before full drainage of the power source drops below a first predetermined level based on measurement of one or more physical characteristics of the power source and of the medical device; and safe mode means operatively coupled to the timing indicator, power source and therapeutic delivery device, wherein the safe mode means, upon activation, is capable of causing one or more actions to reduce the power consumption of the medical device; wherein the safe mode means is activated by receiving communications from the timing indicator that the re

Abstract: Recordable DVD+R and DVD+R/W optical discs with two (or more) information layers are developed to double the data storage capacity and video recording time. A method and device are proposed to make dual layer DVD disc recordings compliant with the dual layer DVD-ROM standard Recording the data in a DVD-ROM compliant way on the dual layer DVD+R or DVD+R/W disc is obtained by shifting the middle zone area towards the inner radius of a disc in such a way that the data zones of both layers are filled up with data.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a deep brain stimulation (DBS) lead having a distal end for providing therapeutic electrical stimulation to tissue in a stimulation target area of a patient's brain, comprising an array of one or more stimulation elements and sensing elements located at the distal end of the lead; each of the one or more stimulation elements is capable of providing electrical stimulation to the brain tissue in the target area; and each of the one or more sensing elements is capable of detecting electrical signals produced by nerve cells within the brain; wherein after the first implantation of the lead into the brain along a trajectory that is pre-determined by non-surgical procedures, the array of stimulation and sensing elements is capable of facilitating the location of the target area and the determination for each of the stimulation elements of the required stimulation parameters needed to provide the therapeutic stimulation to the brain tissue in the stimulation target area, without requiri

Abstract: A stimulation apparatus includes a stimulation lead (102), a multiplexer (114), a stimulation signal generator (116), and a signal detector (120). The stimulation lead (102) includes a plurality of stimulation electrodes (112) disposed in an array about a distal portion of the lead body (110). The arrangement of the electrodes (112) facilitates the controlled steering of stimulating electrical field (118) in three dimensions. Four dimensional field steering may also be provided.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method and a device for recording information on a multi layer optical disc using a multi session format. The use of multi sessions allows for an efficient use of the storage capacity of the disc, and for a fast finalization time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detector configuration, pickup device and driving device for multi-layer record carriers, wherein main beam detector means and two pairs of side-beam detector means disposed on opposite sides of the main beam detector means are provided for suppressing crosstalk effects. As an example, the two three-spot systems obtained can be used for focus error signals and tracking error signals, respectively, wherein satellite spots can be controlled to have a desired fringe pattern either in-phase or anti-phase with that of the main beam. Besides the reduction of focusing and tracking errors, the above measure allows to reduce spacer layer thickness.

Abstract: Recordable DVD+R and DVD+R/W optical discs with two (or more) information layers are developed to double the data storage capacity and video recording time. A method and device are proposed to make dual layer DVD disc recordings compliant with the dual layer DVD-ROM standard Recording the data in a DVD-ROM compliant way on the dual layer DVD+R or DVD+R/W disc is obtained by shifting the middle zone area towards the inner radius of a disc in such a way that the data zones of both layers are filled up with data.

Abstract: A dual-stack recordable optical data storage medium wherein a focused radiation beam having a wavelength ? enters through an entrance face of the medium during recording. The medium includes a substrate, a first recording stack L0, including a recording layer, the first recording stack L0 having an optical reflection value RL0 and an optical absorption value AL0 at the wavelength ?, and a second recording stack L1 including a recording layer, the second recording stack L1 having an optical reflection value RL1 and an optical absorption value AL1 at the wavelength ?, and a transparent spacer layer between the recording stacks. The second stack is closer to the entrance face than the first stack. By fulfilling the formula AL1?1?Rmin??(Rmin/RL0), where Rmin is the minimum effective optical reflection value for each recording stack, full compatibility is achieved with a read only version of the medium.

Abstract: A dual-stack optical data storage medium for write-once recording using a focused radiation beam entering through an entrance face of the medium is described. The medium includes at least one substrate with present on a side thereof a first recording stack L0 having a write-once type L0 recording layer with an absorption kL0 and a second recording stack L1 including a write-once type L1 recording layer with an absorption kL1. The first recording stack L0 has an optical reflection value RL0 and an optical transmission value TL0 and the second recording stack has an optical reflection value RL1. The first recording stack is present at a position closer to the entrance face than the second recording stacks When the following conditions are fulfilled: 0.45 ?TL0?0.75 and 0.40 ?RL1?0.80 and kL0<0.3 and kL1<0.3 a dual stack write-once medium is achieved which can be played in a standard DVD-ROM player.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a corresponding apparatus for recording an information on a recordable optical record carrier (2) by irradiation of a light beam through optical means (3-7) onto said record carrier (2) for forming marks and lands representing said information along an information recording direction (t). To obtain a higher recording density, and thus higher data capacity, it is proposed according to the present invention to reduce the numerical aperture of the optical means (3-7) in the direction (r) orthogonal to the information recording direction (t), which is the radial direction for an optical disc, during recording of information to obtain a light beam having a substantially oval spot profile having a shorter axis in the information recording direction (t), i.e. the tangential direction for an optical disc, compared to the direction (r) orthogonal that to, i.e. the radial direction.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for recording information on a multi layer record carrier. The information is recorded on the record carrier according to special filling patterns, such that the record carrier is compatible with the DVD-ROM standard while the time required for closing a session and/or finalizing the disc is reduced. The information is substantially evenly distributed over the layers in blocks of a predefined amount of storage space. The size of these blocks may be flexible and set by the method or read from the record carrier.

Abstract: A device has a head for recording information by writing marks in a track on a record carrier via a beam of radiation. The radiation is controlled to write the marks having a main mark intensity and a mark length within a predefined range of mark lengths. Further, secondary marks are recorded in the same part of the track. The secondary marks have a secondary mark intensity that is substantially different from the main mark intensity and a length substantially longer than mark lengths in the predefined range. Furthermore, a record carrier, method of recording and a read device are described.

Abstract: A record carrier has information represented by high density read-only marks in a track. The read-only marks (74,75) are optically readable according to a predefined high-density data format such as CD or DVD via a beam of radiation by first variations of the radiation. The record carrier has a recordable layer (70) for writing recorded marks (72,73) in a recording area of the record carrier, which recording area extends over the track (9) carrying the read-only marks. The recordable layer (70) is arranged to generate second variations of the radiation by a difference between an unrecorded state and a recorded state. A recording device writes recorded marks on top of the read-only marks. A read device recovers the first and second variations, and detects the read-only marks and the recorded marks from a same part of the track.

Abstract: A method of recording information stores lead-out information on a multilayer record carrier of an opposite track path type. A two part recording area across two layers is logically interrupted by an intermediate zone. The recording area is preceded by a lead-in zone located at the start of the first recording layer and followed by a lead-out zone located at the end of the second recording layer. An outer lead-out part and an inner lead-out part are recorded separated by an unrecorded area and together constituting the lead-out information on the second recording layer. The inner lead-out part covers a predefined radial position range corresponding to a range of radial positions used by reading devices for accessing the second recording layer during a disc loading procedure. The outer lead-out part is recorded at the end of an area of the second recording layer containing user information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a corresponding apparatus for recording an information on a recordable optical record carrier (2) by irradiation of a light beam through optical means (3-7) onto said record carrier (2) for forming marks and lands representing said information along an information recording direction (t). To obtain a higher recording density, and thus higher data capacity, it is proposed according to the present invention to reduce the numerical aperture of the optical means (3-7) in the direction (r) orthogonal to the information recording direction (t), which is the radial direction for an optical disc, during recording of information to obtain a light beam having a substantially oval spot profile having a shorter axis in the information recording direction (t), i.e. the tangential direction for an optical disc, compared to the direction (r) orthogonal that to, i.e. the radial direction.

Abstract: A method and a corresponding apparatus for recording an information on a recordable optical record carrier (2) by irradiation of a light beam through an optical system (3-7) onto said record carrier (2) for forming marks and lands representing said information along an information recording direction (t), obtains a higher recording density, and thus higher data capacity, by using astigmatism for influencing the light beam from the light source (8) to the record carrier (2) during recording of information so as to obtain a light beam having a substantially oval spot profile having a shorter axis in the information recording direction (t), i.e., the tangential direction for an optical disc, compared to the direction (r) orthogonal thereto, i.e., the radial direction.

Abstract: A multi-stack optical data storage medium, for recording using a focused radiation beam having a wavelength ? and entering through an entrance face of the medium, has a first substrate having a first guide groove formed therein, and a first recording stack including a recordable type recording layer having a thickness dL0G in the groove and a thickness dL0L adjacent the groove. A second substrate has a second guide groove formed therein, and a second recording stack including a recordable type recording layer having a thickness dL1G in the groove and a thickness dL1L adjacent the groove. The second recording stack is at a position closer to the entrance face than the first recording stack. The depth of the first guide groove is smaller than 0.15? and dL0L is substantially equal to or larger than dL1G.

Abstract: A writable optical record carrier comprising a plurality of recording layers L0, . . . , Ln?1 separated by a spacer material, each recording layer comprising an optimum power calibration area having a first portion with an average reflection value representative of a recorded layer and a second portion with an average reflection value representative of an unrecorded layer, a method, and an apparatus for forming optimum power calibration areas on such a writable optical record carrier are presented. The optimum power calibration areas partially overlap such that the optimum power calibration areas of each pair of consecutive recording layers form a step, and the first portions of said plurality of recording layers have the form of a staircase. Each step formed by a pair of consecutive recording layers k, k+1 has a preferred minimum step size.

Abstract: To obtain a higher recording density, and thus higher data capacity, it is proposed according to the present invention to reduce the numerical aperture of the optical means (3, 4) in the direction orthogonal to the information recording direction, which is the radial direction for an optical disc, during recording of information to obtain a light beam having a substantially oval spot profile having a shorter axis in the information recording direction, i.e. the tangential direction for an optical disc, compared to the direction orthogonal that to, i.e. the radial direction. Recording marks having a corresponding oval profile arec achieved.