Abstract: The normal roles of wireless stations and wireless access points in initiating the establishment of wireless connections may be reversed without the need for changes in the network interfaces for either the station or access point device. This capability may be used to allow wireless devices acting as access points, but on which service clients operate, to initiate the establishment of a connection with a station, on which a wireless service provider operates. Discovery of services between wireless devices can be provided prior to establishing a connection between the devices. A service client device providing access point functionality may broadcast an invitation for service advertisements and then receive service advertisements from relevant service providers acting as wireless stations. An information element may be included as part of periodically broadcast administrative messages to wirelessly convey an invitation for service advertisements.

Abstract: An access point that implements operating modes in which beacons may be selectively disabled. Beacons may be disabled when no device is actively associated through the access point. Beacons may be enabled in response to one or more triggers, which may include events such as a client forming an association through the access point following a probe request message identifying the access point. In addition, active beaconing may be triggered by user input or may occur during periodic brief intervals that allow client devices to discover the network identifier for the access point. Selective control of beaconing may lead to more effective wireless communication, particularly in areas where users congregate with computers implementing soft APs for personal networks.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a photo mask for lithography, circuit pattern data are acquired. A pattern density, which is a total pattern area per predetermined area, is calculated from the circuit pattern data. Dummy pattern data for areas having pattern density less than a threshold density are generated. Mask drawing data is generated from the circuit pattern data and the dummy pattern data. By using an electron beam from an electron beam lithography apparatus, patterns are drawn according to the mask drawing data on a resist layer formed on a mask blank substrate. The drawn resist layer is developed using a developing solution. Dummy patterns included in the dummy pattern data are not printed as a photo mask pattern when the resist layer is exposed with the electron beam and is developed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing light emitting diode crystal grains includes steps of providing a first substrate; forming a buffer layer on the first substrate; forming a UV blocking layer on buffer layer; and forming a plurality of light emitting diode crystal grains on the buffer layer. The emitting diode crystal grains together form a wafer. An auxiliary substrate is provided and coated with an adhesive layer. The auxiliary substrate is pressed to the wafer, the adhesive layer fills gaps between the light emitting diode crystal grains, and solidifies the adhesive layer. The second surface is irradiated and gasified. The first substrate is thus separated from the UV blocking layer and the adhesive layer is dissolved, thus achieving a plurality of light-emitting diode crystal grains.

Abstract: A detection method for an LED chip comprising the following steps: providing a container with a solvent therein, and putting the LED chips in the container to mix the LED chips with the solvent; providing a base with a circuit therein, the base forms a plurality of receiving holes, a bottom of each receiving holes have an N electrode and a P electrode coupled with the circuit; transferring the solvent and the LED chip mixed in the solvent on the base; detecting the LED chip received in the receiving holes; providing a carrier film and classifying the LED chips on the carrier film.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a Polar code decoding method and decoder. The decoding method includes: segmenting a first Polar code having a length of N into m mutually coupled second Polar codes, where a length of each second Polar code is N/m, N and m are integer powers of 2, and N>m; independently decoding the m second Polar codes to acquire decoding results of the m second Polar codes; and obtaining a decoding result of the first Polar code according to the decoding results of the m second Polar codes. In the embodiments of the present invention, a Polar code having a length of N is segmented into multiple segments of mutually coupled Polar codes; the segmented Polar codes are independently decoded; and results of the independent decoding are jointly processed to obtain a decoding result of an original Polar code.

Abstract: A light emitting diode structure includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an epitaxial structure. The epitaxial structure is divided into a base area and a structural supporting area. The base area includes a bottom portion and a top portion. The bottom portion is wider than the top portion. The top portion protrudes from a surface of the bottom portion along a single direction. The structural supporting area protrudes from the surface of the bottom portion beside the top portion along the same single direction. A top of the structural supporting area is aligned with a top of the top portion. The first electrode is arranged on the top of the top portion. The second electrode is at least arranged on the top of the structural supporting area. The second electrode arranged on the structural supporting area is aligned with the first electrode.

Abstract: A mobile-type maintenance square-shaped bin including a bin body, a travelling mechanism provided under the bin body, a car head connected with one end of the bin body, an inlet and an outlet provided at the other end of the bin body, a sealed door provided on the inlet and the outlet, an allocation and transportation device mutually connected with a microcomputer signal provided at a front end of the bin body as well as provided over an internal portion of the bind body, an maintenance platform provided at a bottom of the internal portion of the bin body, a tool platform provided adjacently to the maintenance platform, an ash-removal mechanism provided at an upper portion of the maintenance platform, an air-conditioning device provided at an outer portion of the bin body, and a scanning mechanism provided at a front portion of the maintenance platform.

Abstract: A light emitting diode structure includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an epitaxial structure. The epitaxial structure is divided into a base area and a structural supporting area. The base area includes a bottom portion and a top portion. The bottom portion is wider than the top portion. The top portion protrudes from a surface of the bottom portion along a single direction. The structural supporting area protrudes from the surface of the bottom portion beside the top portion along the same single direction. Atop of the structural supporting area is aligned with a top of the top portion. The first electrode is arranged on the top of the top portion. The second electrode is at least arranged on the top of the structural supporting area. The second electrode arranged on the structural supporting area is aligned with the first electrode.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for generating a hybrid Polar code. The method includes: obtaining a first matrix of N×N and a sequence that includes N bits, N rows of the first matrix correspond to the N bits in the sequence in a one-to-one manner, and N is a positive integer; determining reliability of the N bits, and determining the weight of each row in the N rows of the first matrix; selecting, according to the reliability of the N bits and the weight of the N rows of the first matrix, K bits among the N bits as information bits, or selecting, according to the reliability of the N bits and the weight of the N rows of the first matrix, K rows of the first matrix to construct a second matrix of K×N used for encoding.

Abstract: A method includes: dividing a first polar code into an odd number part and an even number part, where the odd number part of the first polar code includes bits in odd number locations in the first polar code, and the even number part of the first polar code includes bits in even number locations in the first polar code; and interleaving the odd number part of the first polar code to obtain a first bit sequence, and interleaving the even number part of the first polar code to obtain a second bit sequence, where the first bit sequence and the second bit sequence form an output sequence of rate matching.

Abstract: A component such as a display may have a substrate and thin-film circuitry on the substrate. The thin-film circuitry may be used to form an array of pixels for a display or other circuit structures. Metal traces may be formed among dielectric layers in the thin-film circuitry. Metal traces may be provided with insulating protective sidewall structures. The protective sidewall structures may be formed by treating exposed edge surfaces of the metal traces. A metal trace may have multiple layers such as a core metal layer sandwiched between barrier metal layers. The core metal layer may be formed from a metal that is subject to corrosion. The protective sidewall structures may help prevent corrosion in the core metal layer. Surface treatments such as oxidation, nitridation, and other processes may be used in forming the protective sidewall structures.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a light emitting diode (LED) chip comprises steps of stacking together a first substrate, a buffer layer, an ultraviolet light (UV) shielding layer, and at least one LED chip in that sequence. An orthogonal projection of each LED chip on the UV shielding layer is located in the scope of the UV shielding layer, and a periphery of the UV shielding layer protrudes from a periphery of the orthogonal projection; mounting a side of each LED chip facing away from the first substrate on the second substrate with an adhesive layer; irradiating UV light from a side of the first substrate facing away from the LED chip, to separate the first substrate from the UV shielding layer; removing the UV light shielding layer, the second substrate, and the adhesive layer from each LED chip.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an encoding/decoding method, apparatus, and system. The present disclosure is used to improve the decoding performance and improve accuracy of a survivor path. The method includes: encoding information bits to obtain a first-level encoded code word; obtaining a sorting value of each check bit of the first-level encoded code word, and adjusting each check bit to a corresponding position according to the sorting value of each check bit, where the sorting value refers to a value of S when the check bit is related to first S information bits of the information bits in the first-level encoded code word, and S is a non-zero integer; and performing second-level encoding on the first-level encoded code word after positions of the check bits are adjusted, thereby obtaining a second-level encoded code word. The present disclosure is applicable to various communication systems.

Abstract: A light emitting diode include a light emitting chip, a first reflecting layer surrounding the light emitting diode chip, a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer covering on the light emitting diode chip. The light emitting chip has a light exiting surface, a first electrode and a second electrode. the first electrode and the second electrode are located opposite to the light exiting surface. Further, a second reflecting layer surrounds the periphery of the light emitting chip and also locates between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer. A reflectivity of the first reflecting layer is greater than a reflectivity of the first reflecting layer. A bottom surface of the first electrode and the second electrode are exposed from the first reflecting layer.

Abstract: Disclosed in embodiments of the present disclosure are a polar code encoding method and device. The method includes: utilizing a common information bit set to represent each of m polar code blocks, the polar codes in each polar code block having the same code length and different code rates, and m being greater than or equal to 2; according to the common information bit set corresponding to the polar code block, acquiring an information bit set corresponding to each polar code in the polar code block; and according to the information bit set corresponding to each polar code in the polar code block, conducting polar code encoding on information to be encoded, thus reducing polar code representation overhead, and solving the problem in the prior art of excessively high polar code representation overhead.

Abstract: A system and method for repairing a photolithographic mask is provided. An embodiment comprises forming a shielding layer over an absorbance layer on a substrate. Once the shielding layer is in place, the absorbance layer may be repaired using, e.g., an e-beam process to initiate a reaction to repair a defect in the absorbance layer, with the shielding layer being used to shield the remainder of the absorbance layer from undesirable etching during the repair process.

Abstract: A method includes: dividing a first polar code into an odd number part and an even number part, where the odd number part of the first polar code includes bits in odd number locations in the first polar code, and the even number part of the first polar code includes bits in even number locations in the first polar code; and interleaving the odd number part of the first polar code to obtain a first bit sequence, and interleaving the even number part of the first polar code to obtain a second bit sequence, where the first bit sequence and the second bit sequence form an output sequence of rate matching.

Abstract: A polar code processing method and system, and a wireless communications apparatus are provided, where the method includes: acquiring at least two periodic puncturing patterns and combining the at least two periodic puncturing patterns in a predetermined manner to obtain at least two hybrid puncturing patterns; selecting, from the at least two hybrid puncturing patterns, one with a lowest frame error rate as an optimal puncturing pattern; and performing rate matching on polar polar-coded bits according to the optimal puncturing pattern, and using the rate-matched bits as to-be-transmitted bits. A frame error rate may be reduced and HARQ performance of a polar code may be enhanced.

Abstract: A wireless access point in a wireless network that may be adapted to transmit location data indicating its location to other devices. In some embodiments, the location data may be embedded in a control message or other message used to broadcast information necessary for a device to establish a connection to the wireless access point. In terms of the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) layered model of a network, layer 2 control messages, including beacons, probe responses, or other suitable transmissions may be used for control messages or announcement transmissions.