Abstract: A system for treating exhaust gases from an engine is described. The system includes, the exhaust gases routed from the engine to atmosphere through an exhaust passage, the system comprising: an injector directing a spray of reductant into the exhaust gases routed from the engine to atmosphere; an exhaust separation passage that separates an exhaust gas flow received from the engine into a plurality of separate exhaust gas flows; a plurality of oxidation catalysts, each of which receives one of the plurality of separate exhaust gas flows; a flow combining passage that receives the plurality of separate exhaust gas flows and combines them into a re-combined exhaust gas flow; a turbocharger that receives the re-combined exhaust gas flow from the flow combining passage; and a selective catalytic reduction catalyst positioned downstream of the turbocharger.

Abstract: A method of operating an engine having a turbocharger and a high pressure EGR system is provided. In one example, a compressor of the turbocharger may have a recirculation passage with a recirculation valve coupled therein. The method may include during a first engine airflow condition: delivering at least some high pressure un-cooled EGR to the intake, downstream of the compressor, operating the throttle at a first throttle amount, and operating the compressor bypass valve at a first bypass amount to increase exhaust gas temperature; and during a second engine airflow condition higher than the first engine airflow: delivering at least some high pressure cooled EGR to the intake, downstream of the compressor, operating the throttle at a second throttle amount more open than the first amount, and operating the compressor bypass valve at a second bypass amount more closed than the first amount.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatuses and methods for making laminated cards or other secure or non-secure documents using low cost materials, and low cost hardware that is commonly available by means of an easy to use system. Apparatuses and methods of the present invention can produce a quality product for low durability or high durability applications. The present invention addresses certain inadequacies of current laminated cards such as driver licenses or other secure or non-secure documents, production materials, and methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides licensing and identification devices such as secure documents. Such licensing and identification devices can be produced so that there is a record of production and so that the documents cannot be produced from stolen or unauthorized materials or used by anyone other than an authorized individual or organization. A secure licensing and identification device in accordance with the present invention preferably includes a uniquely identifiable coded authorization mark and a uniquely identifiable coded information mark. The authorization mark preferably functions as a key that allows the information mark to be provided on the instrument. As such the information mark is preferably based on the authorization mark so that the information mark and the authorization mark can be used to authenticate the secure instrument.