Abstract: A method of forming a light-emitting diode (LED) device and separating the LED device from a growth substrate is provided. The LED device is formed by forming an LED structure over a growth substrate. The method includes forming and patterning a mask layer on the growth substrate. A first contact layer is formed over the patterned mask layer with an air bridge between the first contact layer and the patterned mask layer. The first contact layer may be a contact layer of the LED structure. After the formation of the LED structure, the growth substrate is detached from the LED structure along the air bridge.

Abstract: A method of forming a light-emitting diode (LED) device and separating the LED device from a growth substrate is provided. The LED device is formed by forming an LED structure over a growth substrate. The method includes forming and patterning a mask layer on the growth substrate. A first contact layer is formed over the patterned mask layer with an air bridge between the first contact layer and the patterned mask layer. The first contact layer may be a contact layer of the LED structure. After the formation of the LED structure, the growth substrate is detached from the LED structure along the air bridge.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having light-emitting diodes (LEDs) formed on a concave textured substrate is provided. A substrate is patterned and etched to form recesses. A separation layer is formed along the bottom of the recesses. An LED structure is formed along the sidewalls and, optionally, along the surface of the substrate between adjacent recesses. In these embodiments, the surface area of the LED structure is increased as compared to a planar surface. In another embodiment, the LED structure is formed within the recesses such that the bottom contact layer is non-conformal to the topology of the recesses. In these embodiments, the recesses in a silicon substrate result in a cubic structure in the bottom contact layer, such as an n-GaN layer, which has a non-polar characteristic and exhibits higher external quantum efficiency.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a fin field effect transistor (FinFET). An exemplary structure for a FinFET comprises a substrate comprising a top surface; a first insulation region and a second insulation region over the substrate top surface comprising tapered top surfaces; a fin of the substrate extending above the substrate top surface between the first and second insulation regions, wherein the fin comprises a recessed portion having a top surface lower than the tapered top surfaces of the first and second insulation regions, wherein the fin comprises a non-recessed portion having a top surface higher than the tapered top surfaces; and a gate stack over the non-recessed portion of the fin.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) device is provided. The LED device is formed on a substrate having a carbon-containing layer. Carbon atoms are introduced into the substrate to prevent or reduce atoms from an overlying metal/metal alloy transition layer from inter-mixing with atoms of the substrate. In this manner, a crystalline structure is maintained upon which the LED structure may be formed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having light-emitting diodes (LEDs) formed on a concave textured substrate is provided. A substrate is patterned and etched to form recesses. A separation layer is formed along the bottom of the recesses. An LED structure is formed along the sidewalls and, optionally, along the surface of the substrate between adjacent recesses. In these embodiments, the surface area of the LED structure is increased as compared to a planar surface. In another embodiment, the LED structure is formed within the recesses such that the bottom contact layer is non-conformal to the topology of the recesses. In these embodiments, the recesses in a silicon substrate result in a cubic structure in the bottom contact layer, such as an n-GaN layer, which has a non-polar characteristic and exhibits higher external quantum efficiency.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) device is provided. The LED device has raised semiconductor regions formed on a substrate. LED structures are formed over the raised semiconductor regions such that bottom contact layers and active layers of the LED device are conformal layers. The top contact layer has a planar surface. In an embodiment, the top contact layers are continuous over a plurality of the raised semiconductor regions while the bottom contact layers and the active layers are discontinuous between adjacent raised semiconductor regions.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) device is provided. The LED device has raised semiconductor regions formed on a substrate. LED structures are formed over the raised semiconductor regions such that bottom contact layers and active layers of the LED device are conformal layers. The top contact layer has a planar surface. In an embodiment, the top contact layers are continuous over a plurality of the raised semiconductor regions while the bottom contact layers and the active layers are discontinuous between adjacent raised semiconductor regions.

Abstract: A method of forming a light-emitting diode (LED) device and separating the LED device from a growth substrate is provided. The LED device is formed by forming an LED structure over a growth substrate. The method includes forming and patterning a mask layer on the growth substrate. A first contact layer is formed over the patterned mask layer with an air bridge between the first contact layer and the patterned mask layer. The first contact layer may be a contact layer of the LED structure. After the formation of the LED structure, the growth substrate is detached from the LED structure along the air bridge.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) device is provided. The LED device is formed on a substrate having a carbon-containing layer. Carbon atoms are introduced into the substrate to prevent or reduce atoms from an overlying metal/metal alloy transition layer from inter-mixing with atoms of the substrate. In this manner, a crystalline structure is maintained upon which the LED structure may be formed.

Abstract: A circuit structure includes a substrate; a patterned mask layer over the substrate, wherein the patterned mask layer includes a plurality of gaps; and a group-III group-V (III-V) compound semiconductor layer. The III-V compound semiconductor layer includes a first portion over the mask layer and second portions in the gaps, wherein the III-V compound semiconductor layer overlies a buffer/nucleation layer.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) device is provided. The LED device has raised semiconductor regions formed on a substrate. LED structures are formed over the raised semiconductor regions such that bottom contact layers and active layers of the LED device are conformal layers. The top contact layer has a planar surface. In an embodiment, the top contact layers are continuous over a plurality of the raised semiconductor regions while the bottom contact layers and the active layers are discontinuous between adjacent raised semiconductor regions.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having light-emitting diodes (LEDs) formed on a concave textured substrate is provided. A substrate is patterned and etched to form recesses. A separation layer is formed along the bottom of the recesses. An LED structure is formed along the sidewalls and, optionally, along the surface of the substrate between adjacent recesses. In these embodiments, the surface area of the LED structure is increased as compared to a planar surface. In another embodiment, the LED structure is formed within the recesses such that the bottom contact layer is non-conformal to the topology of the recesses. In these embodiments, the recesses in a silicon substrate result in a cubic structure in the bottom contact layer, such as an n-GaN layer, which has a non-polar characteristic and exhibits higher external quantum efficiency.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) device is presented. The LED device includes a substrate, a layered LED structure, and an embedded bottom electrode. The layered LED structure includes a buffer/nucleation layer disposed on the substrate, an active layer, and a top-side contact. A first-contact III-nitride layer is interposed between the buffer/nucleation layer and the active layer. A second-contact III-nitride layer is interposed between the active well layer and the top-side contact. A bottom electrode extends through the substrate, through the buffer/nucleation layer and terminates within the first-contact III-nitride layer.

Abstract: A light emitting diodes (LEDs) is presented. The LED includes a stress-alleviation layer on a substrate. Open regions and stress-alleviation layer regions are formed on the substrate. Epitaxial layers are disposed on the substrate, at least in the open regions therein, thereby forming an LED structure. The substrate is diced through at least a first portion of the stress-alleviation regions, thereby forming the plurality of LEDs.

Abstract: A flexible printed circuit (100) includes a main body (10) and at least one grounding layer (30). The main body includes a first connecting end (11), a band portion (12) and a second connecting end (13). The first connecting end and the second connecting end dispose a first connector (112) and a second connector (132) electrically connected with the first connecting end and the second connecting end, respectively. The band portion has a plurality of circuits, including grounding circuits, to electrically connect with the first connector and the second connector. The band portion defines a plurality of via holes (121). The grounding layer is disposed on a surface of the main body, and electrically connects with the grounding circuits of the band portion by via holes. The invention also provides a method for making the flexible printed circuit.

Abstract: There is provided an aqueous cosmetic composition. The composition has an amount of a water-resistant film former and an amount of an oil-resistant film former effective to impart resistance to both water and oil when applied to the lip and/or skin. A preferred composition is a lip coloring and gloss product.

Abstract: Color intensity of a pigment containing cosmetic composition is increased by incorporating in the composition a color intensifying amount of: (i) a C12-C24 fatty alcohol, preferably a C14-C20 fatty alcohol, the fatty alcohol preferably being a branched chain fatty alcohol having a C6-C10 alkyl branch and (ii) an unsaturated dimerized or trimerized C14-C24 fatty acid, preferably an unsaturated dimerized or trimerized C16-C20 fatty acid that has 2 to 4, preferably 2, unsaturated bonds. Diisostearyl dilinoleate is preferred. Triisostearyl trilinoleate is most preferred. When then composition is an oil-in-water emulsion, the triisostearyl trilinoleate or diisostearyl dilinoleate is added to the emulsion after it is prepared in order to maximize color intensification.