Abstract: A process for producing high octane alkylate is provided. The process involves reacting isobutane and ethylene using an ionic liquid catalyst. Reaction conditions can be chosen to assist in attaining, or to optimize, desirable alkylate yields and/or properties.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a liquid hydrocarbon material suitable for use as a fuel or as a blending component in a fuel. The process includes co-processing a pyrolysis oil derived from a waste plastic raw material and a biorenewable feedstock comprising triglycerides in a catalytic cracking process in a presence of a solid catalyst at catalytic cracking conditions to provide a cracking product. The cracking product may be fractionated to provide at least one of a gasoline fraction and a middle distillate fraction.

Abstract: A process for producing renewable distillate-range hydrocarbons is provided. The process includes dehydrating a renewable C2-C6 alcohol feedstock to produce an olefin, oligomerizing the olefin the presence of a halometallate ionic liquid catalyst to produce an oligomer product and hydrogenating the oligomer product or fractions thereof to produce saturated distillate-range hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Described herein is a base oil synthesis via ionic catalyst oligomerization further utilizing a hydrophobic process for removing an ionic catalyst from a reaction mixture with a silica gel composition, specifically a reaction mixture comprising an oligomerization reaction to produce PAO utilizing an ionic catalyst wherein the ionic catalyst is removed post reaction.

Abstract: A process for producing high octane alkylate is provided. The process involves reacting isobutane and ethylene using an ionic liquid catalyst. Reaction conditions can be chosen to assist in attaining, or to optimize, desirable alkylate yields and/or properties.

Abstract: A process for producing high octane bio-based alkylate is provided. The process involves reacting isobutane and bio-ethylene using an ionic liquid catalyst. Reaction conditions can be chosen to assist in attaining, or to optimize, desirable alkylate yields and/or properties.

Abstract: An alkylation process is described. The process involves alkylation of isobutane and ethylene in a loop reactor using an ionic liquid catalyst as a continuous phase. The alkylate typically has a research octane number of at least about 93, and the olefin conversion is typically at least about 95%.

Abstract: A process for producing renewable distillate-range hydrocarbons is provided. The process includes dehydrating a renewable C2-C6 alcohol feedstock to produce an olefin, oligomerizing the olefin the presence of a halometallate ionic liquid catalyst to produce an oligomer product and hydrogenating the oligomer product or fractions thereof to produce saturated distillate-range hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method is provided for predicting conjunct polymer concentration in spent ionic liquid during a continuous hydrocarbon conversion process.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a liquid hydrocarbon material suitable for use as a fuel or as a blending component in a fuel. The process includes co-processing a pyrolysis oil derived from a waste plastic raw material and a biorenewable feedstock comprising triglycerides in a catalytic cracking process in a presence of a solid catalyst at catalytic cracking conditions to provide a cracking product. The cracking product may be fractionated to provide at least one of a gasoline fraction and a middle distillate fraction.

Abstract: Described herein is a base oil synthesis via ionic catalyst oligomerization further utilizing a hydrophobic process for removing an ionic catalyst from a reaction mixture with a silica gel composition, specifically a reaction mixture comprising an oligomerization reaction to produce PAO utilizing an ionic catalyst wherein the ionic catalyst is removed post reaction.

Abstract: A method is provided for predicting conjunct polymer concentration in spent ionic liquid during a continuous hydrocarbon conversion process.

Abstract: We provide a process for regenerating a spent acidic ionic liquid, comprising contacting the spent acidic ionic liquid with hydrogen and without an addition of a hydrogenation catalyst; wherein a conjunct polymer content is decreased in the spent acidic ionic liquid to produce regenerated acidic ionic liquid. We also provide a process for making an alkylate gasoline blending component, comprising: a) alkylating a mixture of isoparaffins and olefins using an acidic ionic liquid and an alkyl halide or a hydrogen halide, wherein a conjunct polymer accumulates in a spent acidic ionic liquid; and b) feeding the spent acidic ionic liquid and a hydrogen, and without an addition of a hydrogenation catalyst, to a regeneration reactor operated under selected hydrogenation conditions to produce a regenerated acidic ionic liquid that is used for the alkylating, wherein the conjunct polymer in the regenerated acidic ionic liquid is decreased by at least 50 wt %.

Abstract: Provided is a hydro-regeneration catalyst system, comprising: (a) a first graded bed comprising a guard bed material; and (b) a second graded bed, fluidly connected to the first graded bed, comprising a noble metal catalyst on a support having mesopores and macropores; wherein the noble metal catalyst has an average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm (0.02 to 1 ?m), a total pore volume of greater than 0.80 cc/g, and a macropore volume of 0.10 to 0.50 cc/g. Also provided is a guard bed system, comprising: (a) a first guard bed comprising a first adsorbent having 10 ?m or larger pores with an average pore diameter of 100 to 1,000 ?m; and (b) a second guard bed fluidly connected to the first guard bed, comprising a second adsorbent material having mesopores and macropores with a second average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm.

Abstract: A process is provided for removing a heavy polynuclear aromatic (HPNA) compound from a hydrocarbon oil. The process includes contacting the hydrocarbon oil containing the HPNA compound with a lean hydrocarbon-immiscible liquid stream to produce a mixture comprising the hydrocarbon oil and a rich hydrocarbon-immiscible liquid containing the HPNA compound; and separating the mixture to produce a hydrocarbon oil effluent having a reduced level of the HPNA compound and a hydrocarbon-immiscible liquid effluent containing the HPNA compound. The hydrocarbon-immiscible liquid can be a halometallate ionic liquid, a liquid coordination complex, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are processes for ethylene oligomerization in the presence of an ionic liquid catalyst and a co-catalyst to produce a hydrocarbon product comprising C10-C55 oligomers.

Abstract: An integrated process unit for making one or more alkylate products is provided. The integrated process unit includes (a) a dehydrogenation reactor; (b) a single alkylation reactor; (c) a separator, following the alkylation reactor, that separates effluent from the alkylation reactor into a catalyst phase and a hydrocarbon phase; (d) a distillation unit, following the separator, that receives the hydrocarbon phase and separates it into alkylate products, an unreacted paraffin phase, and an isoparaffin phase; (e) a first recycle line that feeds unreacted paraffin phase to the dehydrogenation reactor; and (f) a second recycle line that feeds isoparaffin phase to the alkylation reactor.

Abstract: A process is provided for separating an ionic liquid from a liquid hydrocarbon, using an integrated coalescing system. The integrated coalescing system for separating ionic liquid from a liquid hydrocarbon may comprise: a. a bulk settler, that separates an emulsion comprising the dispersed ionic liquid with a wide range of droplet sizes into a clean ionic liquid phase and a separated liquid hydrocarbon phase comprising retained droplets; b. a pre-coalescer that receives the separated liquid hydrocarbon phase, separates out solid particles from the separated liquid hydrocarbon phase, and begins to form coalesced droplets of the retained droplets; and c. a coalescer that receives an effluent from the pre-coalescer, wherein the at least one coalescer comprises multiple layers of media having a fine pore size, and produces a clean hydrocarbon stream that is essentially free of the dispersed ionic liquid and additional amounts of the clean ionic liquid phase.

Abstract: An integrated process unit for making one or more alkylate products is provided. The integrated process unit includes (a) a dehydrogenation reactor; (b) a single alkylation reactor; (c) a separator, following the alkylation reactor, that separates effluent from the alkylation reactor into a catalyst phase and a hydrocarbon phase; (d) a distillation unit, following the separator, that receives the hydrocarbon phase and separates it into alkylate products, an unreacted paraffin phase, and an isoparaffin phase; (e) a first recycle line that feeds unreacted paraffin phase to the dehydrogenation reactor; and (f) a second recycle line that feeds isoparaffin phase to the alkylation reactor.

Abstract: We provide a process, comprising: a. dehydrogenating natural gas liquid to produce a mixture comprising olefins and unconverted paraffins; b. without further purification or modification other than mixing with an isoparaffin, sending the mixture to a single alkylation reactor; c. alkylating the olefins with the isoparaffin, using an ionic liquid catalyst, to produce one or more alkylate products; and d. distilling the one or more alkylate products and collecting a bottoms distillation fraction that is a middle distillate blending component having a sulfur level of 50 wppm or less and a Bromine number less than 1.