Abstract: A cleaning apparatus including a vacuum cleaner and a docking station is provided. The cleaning apparatus includes a vacuum cleaner including a dust collecting chamber in which foreign substances are collected, and a docking station configured to be connected to the dust collecting chamber to remove the foreign substances collected in the dust collecting chamber. The dust collecting chamber is configured to collect foreign substances through centrifugation, and configured to be docked to the docking station, and the docking station includes a suction device configured to suction the foreign substances and air in the dust collecting chamber docked to the docking station.

Abstract: Provided are a method for preparing chiral nitro derivatives using organic chiral catalyst compounds and water as an eco-friendly solvent, and the like. The catalyst is an organic catalyst based on (R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEN), and can prepare nitro derivatives having enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity in excellent yield through a hydrophobic hydration effect. In particular, the preparation method of the present disclosure can stabilize a transition state through an interfacial reaction between the catalyst and water. In addition, indole derivatives can be synthesized using the chiral nitro derivatives prepared according to the present disclosure to be usefully used for the prevention or treatment of brain-nervous system diseases including depression and muscular diseases including cachexia.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a stacked structure includes forming a first metal buffer layer including crystal grains on a base substrate, forming a second metal buffer material layer on the first metal buffer layer, and crystallizing the second metal buffer material layer to form a second metal buffer layer, wherein the second metal buffer material layer includes crystal grains, and a density of the crystal grains of the second metal buffer material layer is lower than a density of the crystal grains of the first metal buffer layer.

Abstract: Provided are a method for preparing chiral maleimide derivatives using (R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEN)-based organic chiral catalyst compounds and water as an eco-friendly solvent, and the like. It is possible to prepare chiral maleimide derivatives having high enantioselectivity even with a small amount of catalyst in an excellent yield within a short time. In particular, the preparation method of the present disclosure can stabilize a transition state through an interfacial reaction between the catalyst and water. In addition, spironolactone derivatives are synthesized using chiral maleimide derivatives prepared according to the present disclosure to be usefully used for the treatment of edema control, heart failure, liver cirrhosis, electrolyte abnormalities, hypertension, etc.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, provided is a composition for preventing or treating sarcopenia containing a non-natural amino acid derivative as an active ingredient.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, provided is a composition for preventing or treating sarcopenia, containing, as an active ingredient, at least one type of unnatural amino acid selected from the group consisting of D-leucine, D-alanine and D-proline.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which is for preventing or treating obesity, and comprises a biglycan as an active ingredient. Biglycan according to the present invention suppresses appetite by decreasing the expression of Agrp and NPY, which are appetite promoting peptides, and increasing the expression of POMC, which is an appetite suppressing peptide, and thus is very useful as a medicine for treating obesity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating obesity or sarcopenia, containing ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) and, more specifically, to a pharmaceutical composition and a food for preventing or treating obesity or sarcopenia, containing, as an active ingredient, IF1 having an effect of suppressed appetite or effects increased muscle mass and muscle production. According to the present invention, ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) exhibits, in an obesity-induced mouse model, effects of inhibited weight gain and decreased dietary intake without side effects, and exhibits, in obesity-induced or aged mouse, effects of increased muscle mass, increased muscle protein and muscle production, and thus is very useful as an agent for preventing, alleviating or treating metabolic diseases such as obesity, an agent for suppressing appetite and an agent for preventing, alleviating or treating muscle loss-related diseases such as sarcopenia.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to an anticancer composition containing IF1 (ATPase inhibitory factor 1). The IF1 (ATPase inhibitory factor 1) according to the present invention has the effect of releasing extracellular ATP, induces cytotoxicity in various cancer cells and exhibits anticancer efficacy, and is thus very useful as an active ingredient of a powerful anticancer agent.

Abstract: An electric vehicle charging control system may include an electric vehicle which extracts current time information, the integrity of which has been verified, by use of a public key cryptography, and charges power from a charging terminal, when it is determined that a charging contact certificate is valid, based on the extracted current time information, a server to transmit the current time information, the integrity of which has been verified using the public key cryptography, to the electric vehicle, and the charging terminal connected to the electric vehicle. The validity of the certificate used in vehicle charging and billing for charging is determined through the power line communication, and the security against the hacking is enhanced in the charging of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing ATPase inhibitor factor 1 (ATPIF1) as an active ingredient for the prevention or treatment of diabetes or diabetic complications, and to a pharmaceutical composition containing ATP1F1 as an active ingredient for prevention or treatment of obesity. The composition containing ATPIF1, according to the present invention, has a diabetes treatment effect by promoting sugar absorption in muscle cells and improving insulin sensitivity, and has an obesity prevention or treatment effect by effects of suppressing fat synthesis in fat cells and promoting the browning of fat cells.

Abstract: An electric vehicle charging control system may include an electric vehicle which extracts current time information, the integrity of which has been verified, by use of a public key cryptography, and charges power from a charging terminal, when it is determined that a charging contact certificate is valid, based on the extracted current time information, a server to transmit the current time information, the integrity of which has been verified using the public key cryptography, to the electric vehicle, and the charging terminal connected to the electric vehicle. The validity of the certificate used in vehicle charging and billing for charging is determined through the power line communication, and the security against the hacking is enhanced in the charging of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing ATPase inhibitor factor 1 (ATPIF1) as an active ingredient for the prevention or treatment of diabetes or diabetic complications, and to a pharmaceutical composition containing ATP1F1 as an active ingredient for prevention or treatment of obesity. The composition containing ATPIF1, according to the present invention, has a diabetes treatment effect by promoting sugar absorption in muscle cells and improving insulin sensitivity, and has an obesity prevention or treatment effect by effects of suppressing fat synthesis in fat cells and promoting the browning of fat cells.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition for inducing an exercise mimetic effect, which contains an ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist as an active ingredient, and a method for screening a drug for inducing an exercise mimetic effect using the ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist. The ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist of the present disclosure increases the expression of p-AMPK, PPAR? and PGC-1?, which play key roles in maintaining and regulating energy metabolic activity in vivo, thereby increasing glucose uptake into skeletal muscle cells, suppressing adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation, reducing abdominal fat and body weight as well as regulating mitochondrial metabolic disorders and suppressing inflammatory responses. Accordingly, the ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist can be usefully used to prevent and treat diseases requiring AMPK activation (metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disease, etc.).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition for inducing an exercise mimetic effect, which contains an ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist as an active ingredient, and a method for screening a drug for inducing an exercise mimetic effect using the ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist. The ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist of the present disclosure increases the expression of p-AMPK, PPAR? and PGC-1?, which play key roles in maintaining and regulating energy metabolic activity in vivo, thereby increasing glucose uptake into skeletal muscle cells, suppressing adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation, reducing abdominal fat and body weight as well as regulating mitochondrial metabolic disorders and suppressing inflammatory responses. Accordingly, the ?1-adrenergic receptor agonist can be usefully used to prevent and treat diseases requiring AMPK activation (metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disease, etc.).

Abstract: A system and a method are provided for transmitting data of a vehicle for efficiently managing a server or a communications network by at least a communications network infrastructure by determining a first list of priorities of vehicle information by a second server, transmitting the first list of priorities to a first server, comparing the transmitted first list of priorities of the vehicle information with traffic data to generate a second list of priority information, and informing the second server and a computing device of the vehicle of the generated second list of priority information.

Abstract: A system and a method are provided for transmitting data of a vehicle for efficiently managing a server or a communications network by at least a communications network infrastructure by determining a first list of priorities of vehicle information by a second server, transmitting the first list of priorities to a first server, comparing the transmitted first list of priorities of the vehicle information with traffic data to generate a second list of priority information, and informing the second server and a computing device of the vehicle of the generated second list of priority information.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a semiconductor substrate defining active regions partitioned by an isolation region, conductive lines spaced apart from each other and crossing the active regions over the semiconductor substrate, a thin film pattern formed on a top portion of the conductive lines having opening portions exposing part of the conductive lines in a width wider than a width of the conductive lines, an insulating layer filling the opening portions and formed over the thin film pattern, and an air gap formed between the conductive lines below the insulating layer and the thin film pattern.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a semiconductor substrate defining active regions partitioned by an isolation region, conductive lines spaced apart from each other and crossing the active regions over the semiconductor substrate, a thin film pattern formed on a top portion of the conductive lines having opening portions exposing part of the conductive lines in a width wider than a width of the conductive lines, an insulating layer filling the opening portions and formed over the thin film pattern, and an air gap formed between the conductive lines below the insulating layer and the thin film pattern.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is manufactured by, inter alia: forming second gate lines, arranged at wider intervals than each of first gate lines and first gate lines, over a semiconductor substrate; forming a multi-layered insulating layer over the entire surface of the semiconductor substrate including the first and the second gate lines; etching the multi-layered insulating layer so that a part of the multi-layered insulating layer remains between the first gate lines and the first and the second gate lines; forming mask patterns formed on the respective remaining multi-layered insulating layers and each formed to cover the multi-layered insulating layer between the second gate lines; and etching the multi-layered insulating layers remaining between the first gate lines and between the first and the second gate lines and not covered by the mask patterns so that the first and the second gate lines are exposed.