Abstract: Disclosed is a battery management apparatus capable of effectively reducing the current consumption of a component for waking up a microcontroller unit. The battery management apparatus includes a wake-up unit, a first power supply path, a first regulator, a first switching element, a feedback module, and a microcontroller unit configured to convert a sleep mode to a wake-up mode by receiving a wake-up signal from the wake-up unit and connected to the feedback module to turn off the first switching element.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate including: a display area including a plurality of pixels on the first substrate, a non-display area which is disposed on an outside of the display area and in which a dummy wire is disposed on the first substrate, and an image input hole which is defined therein in the non-display area and in which an image input device is disposed, a second substrate facing the first substrate and including a display area and a non-display area corresponding to those of the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates, and a sealant which is in the non-display area of the first and second substrates and seals the liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates. The dummy wire is disposed near the image input hole.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery management apparatus capable of effectively reducing the current consumption of a component for waking up a microcontroller unit. The battery management apparatus includes a wake-up unit, a first power supply path, a first regulator, a first switching element, a feedback module, and a microcontroller unit configured to convert a sleep mode to a wake-up mode by receiving a wake-up signal from the wake-up unit and connected to the feedback module to turn off the first switching element.

Abstract: A muscular strength assisting apparatus includes a muscular strength assisting portion that assists a user's muscular strength and a first connecting link including one side connected to one side of the muscular strength assisting portion and an opposite side rotatable relative to a shoulder of the user about a first rotation axis. The muscular strength assisting portion includes an upper arm module that assists muscular strength of an upper arm of the user and a link assembly including one side connected to one side of the upper arm module to be rotatable about a second rotation axis non-parallel to the first rotation axis and an opposite side disposed adjacent to a portion of a body of the user to be supported on the user.

Abstract: There is provided a communication device. The communication device may comprise one or more processors; a communication interface; and a memory that stores a computer program executed by the one or more processors, wherein the computer program includes instructions for operations of: forming a general security channel according to a first transport layer security (TLS) protocol that does not support a post-quantum cryptography algorithm with another communication device; forming a communication channel of an application layer (L7) with another communication device through the general security channel; forming a quantum security channel by performing a handshake procedure according to a second TLS protocol that supports the post-quantum cryptography algorithm with another communication device through the communication channel; and communicating with another communication device through the quantum security channel.

Abstract: The present disclosure according to at least one embodiment provides a method of processing operations of a polynomial-based security algorithm, the method being performed by a computing system. The method comprises identifying a plurality of operations using secret information in the polynomial-based security algorithm, generating a random index to be applied to the identified operations, and performing the operations using the random index.

Abstract: Described is a face mask for fire evacuation, in which a case for the purpose of exhaust is integrated with a filter part of a respiratory mask to block toxic gases generated in the event of fire, thereby improving the convenience in respiration of a wearer, and protecting the respiratory system during the occurrence of toxic gases due to fire. The face mask for fire evacuation includes a liquid receptacle in the case, which allows liquid to be discharged from the liquid receptacle and absorbed into a filter member as needed when wearing the mask, thereby more effectively blocking the inhalation of toxic gases and enhancing safety.

Abstract: Provided are a method for analyzing quantum vulnerability and a system therefor. The method according to some embodiments may include configuring quantum-vulnerable algorithm detection rule based on a type of encryption algorithm, configuring an analysis level for analyzing a quantum vulnerability of target software, from among a plurality of predefined analysis levels, analyzing the target software based on the configured quantum-vulnerable algorithm detection rule, using an analysis technique corresponding to the configured analysis level, and assessing the quantum vulnerability of the target software based on a result of the analyzing.

Abstract: A method for training an analysis model according to an embodiment includes receiving synthetic data for original data from a client apparatus, determining a hyperparameter value for analysis model training using the synthetic data, receiving a ciphertext for the original data from the client apparatus, and training the analysis model using the determined hyperparameter value and the received cipher text.

Abstract: A method for generating a key stream according to an embodiment includes generating r round keys that are each N-dimensional integer vectors including elements of an integer set defined based on a prime number t, based on a random bit string, an encryption counter, and a secret key that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set , generating a first round output vector x1 by performing a modular addition operation on an initial vector and a first round key RK1 of the r round keys with the prime number t as a modulus, and generating a key stream that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set from the first round output vector x1 by using a second to r-th round keys of the r round keys, and one or more first round functions and a second round function.

Abstract: In a method of generating a secret key according to an embodiment, a share of each of a user and a plurality of other users for a secret key of the user are generated, the share of each of the plurality of other users is provided to a user terminal of each of the plurality of other users, a share of the user for a secret key of each of the plurality of other users is received from the user terminal of each of the plurality of other users, and a new secret key of the user is generated using the share of the user for the secret key of the user and the shares of the user for the secret key of each of the plurality of other users.

Abstract: A method for preventing side-channel attack according to an embodiment includes generating an order table which includes a position index value for each bit value of a bit string that is secret information to be generated through a decryption algorithm of an Nth Degree Truncated Polynomial Ring Units (NTRU) LPRime algorithm, shuffling a sort order of the position index value for the each bit value in the order table based on a random number, determining a generation order for the each bit value according to the sort order of the position index value for the each bit value in the order table, and generating the secret information through the decryption algorithm. The secret information is generated by generating the each bit value according to the determined generation order.

Abstract: In a method of generating a secret key according to an embodiment, a share of each of a user and a plurality of other users for a secret key of the user are generated, the share of each of the plurality of other users is provided to a user terminal of each of the plurality of other users, a share of the user for a secret key of each of the plurality of other users is received from the user terminal of each of the plurality of other users, and a new secret key of the user is generated using the share of the user for the secret key of the user and the shares of the user for the secret key of each of the plurality of other users.

Abstract: A method of generating a secret key according to one embodiment includes generating a share of each of a user and a plurality of other users for a secret key of the user, providing the share of each of the plurality of other users to a user terminal of each of the plurality of other users, receiving a share of the user for a secret key of each of the plurality of other users from the user terminal of each of the plurality of other users, and generating a new secret key of the user using the share of the user for the secret key of the user and the shares of the user for the secret key of each of the plurality of other users.

Abstract: A method for encryption according to an embodiment includes generating a ciphertext for a secret key that is an integer vector by using an integer-based first homomorphic encryption algorithm, generating a key stream that is the integer vector from a nonce and the secret key by using a key stream generator, encoding the key stream by using a message encoding function of the first homomorphic encryption algorithm, encoding a message that is a real vector by using a message encoding function of a real number-based second homomorphic encryption algorithm, generating a ciphertext for the message by using a result of the encoding of the key stream and a result of the encoding of the message, and transmitting the nonce, the ciphertext for the secret key, and the ciphertext for the message to an apparatus for converting a ciphertext.

Abstract: A method for data analysis according to an embodiment includes acquiring, from a client device, a ciphertext for a precomputation result generated by applying some of a plurality of operations for performing an analysis algorithm based on target data to the target data, and generating an encrypted computation result for remaining operations of the plurality of operations by using the ciphertext.

Abstract: A method for generating a key stream according to an embodiment includes generating r round keys that are each N-dimensional integer vectors including elements of an integer set defined based on a prime number t, based on a random bit string, an encryption counter, and a secret key that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set , generating a first round output vector x1 by performing a modular addition operation on an initial vector and a first round key RK1 of the r round keys with the prime number t as a modulus, and generating a key stream that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set from the first round output vector x1 by using a second to r-th round keys of the r round keys, and one or more first round functions and a second round function.

Abstract: A refrigerator and a method for controlling the same are disclosed. The refrigerator may minimize the size and material cost of the control system by controlling the internal temperature and the speed of a compressor using a thermostat used in the conventional low-capacity/low-cost refrigerator without using a system controller equipped with various sensors (internal sensors and/or external sensors) capable of controlling the internal temperature. In addition, since an inverter controller capable of controlling a BLDC compressor estimates the internal/external temperature based on operation information of the compressor, and determines the internal load, it may save energy and reduce vibrations and noise, which are the largest disadvantages of a constant-speed compressor, thereby improving satisfaction of the consumer. In addition, the BLDC compressor may be started and operated stably by applying a differentiated algorithm of the inverter controller.