Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first connection pattern; a bit line disposed over the first connection pattern in a vertical direction; and a bit-line contact pad, disposed in a first layer between the bit line and the first connection pattern to electrically couple the bit line to the first connection pattern, and formed as an island when viewed along the vertical direction. A predetermined number of the bit-line contact pads are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in a first direction, when viewed along the vertical direction.

Abstract: The disclosure describes an oil-in-water composition for skin external application using a gel of crosslinked hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and having a sherbet-like texture and feeling of use. The composition of the disclosure comprises the gel particles of crosslinked hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and emulsion particle having a specific particle size distribution of D(0.5) in an aqueous phase and an oil phase, respectively, so that the composition has a particulate feeling such as sherbet, mashed potato or meringue while having a fluffy appearance or texture, and also provides a refreshing feeling of use when applied, and is easy to clean by comprising the aqueous phase as an outer phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid information sensor comprises at least more than one electrode set including a first electrode, and a second electrode which is disposed spaced apart from the first electrode and to which an alternating current signal is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a ferroelectric layer including a first side in contact with the first electrode and the second electrode and a second side facing the first side and defining a receiving area for receiving the target liquid, and generating sound waves by physical vibration when the AC signal is applied.

Abstract: A roof vent includes a roof disposed on a vehicle and a vent assembly. The vent assembly includes at least one vent unit disposed on the roof and configured to be popped up to the interior of the vehicle, a driving unit driving the vent unit, and at least one rack unit applying driving force of the driving unit to the vent unit. The vent unit is popped up or tilted by the driving unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides nanoparticles including laminarin and a near-infrared responsive photosensitizer covalently bonded thereto, and a composition for preventing, diagnosing, or treating arteriosclerosis comprising the same as an active ingredient. According to the present disclosure, not only the atherosclerotic plaque targeting and plaque-penetrating properties can be enhanced as compared to conventional photodynamic therapy, thus capable of being usefully used for in vivo imaging of atherosclerotic plaques, but also the size of atherosclerotic plaques is reduced by inducing apoptosis of macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques, thus capable of stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques.

Abstract: The importance of architectural asymmetry is investigated to improve the output voltage of TENGs with polyester/spandex blend three-dimensional (3D) spacer fabrics. Different types of TENGs are fabricated by stacking the 3D spacer fabrics, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films, and electrodes with different stack configurations. The 3D spacer fabric TENGs fabricated with higher architectural asymmetry show higher output voltages than those fabricated with lower architectural asymmetry. In particular, the TENG with the PDMS/fabric/fabric configuration shows the highest peak-to-peak output voltage among all types. An increase in the TENG output voltage is attributed to the relatively high architectural asymmetry in the device configuration and the relatively high effective density of triboelectric charge.

Abstract: A flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has attracted much attention due to its environmentally friendly, practical, and cost-producing advantages. Flexible electrodes are required to fabricate a fully flexible TENG device. Electrical properties of porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sponge-based flexible TENGs with two types of flexible electrodes including copper and carbon nanotube (CNT)-PDMS were compared. Output voltages and maximum power densities of the PDMS sponge-based flexible TENGs with the copper and CNT-PDMS electrodes were compared. The voltage and the power density of the PDMS sponge-based flexible TENG with the CNT-PDMS electrodes were shown to be improved compared to the copper electrodes.

Abstract: A surface of a copper (Cu) electrode is modified by a combination of preliminary oxidation treatment and grafting of a bifunctional self-assembled monolayer based on fluorobiphenylthiol (FBPS) or biphenylthiol (BPS). Under these conditions, a dinaphtho[2,3-b:2?,3?-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (DNTT)-based diode exhibits high mobility (0.35 cm2·V?1·s?1) due to the formation of an organized assembly of FBPS on copper oxide that has been partially reduced to Cu2O. This organization controls that of a semiconductor film. On the other hand, the same treatment of a copper electrode with BPS molecules does not function due to the disorganization of both the BPS self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and the DNTT film. These results suggest that a monolayer of dipole-oriented molecules lowers an injection barrier and determines the semiconductor organization, thereby improving the performance of derived electronic parts.

Abstract: Discussed is a light-emitting device including a first light-emitting layer so that a dopant having a hole trapping property is adjacent to a hole transport layer, and a second light-emitting layer that comes into contact with the first light-emitting layer to induce main light emission, thereby widening an emission zone and improving the efficiency and lifespan of the light-emitting layer. Also discussed is a light-emitting display including the light-emitting device. The first and second blue light-emitting layers can include a same host BH and different first and second blue dopants, respectively, and the first blue dopant can have a higher highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level than a HOMO energy level of the hole transport layer.

Abstract: A light-emitting device according to the present invention comprises, an electrode unit including a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from each other, with electrical signals having different polarity applying the first and second electrode, respectively; a first stimulation unit disposed on one surface of the electrode unit and having a first stimulation reaction layer expressing variable luminance according to a first stimulation; and a second stimulation unit disposed on the other surface facing the one surface of the electrode unit, and having a second stimulation reaction layer expressing a variable luminance according to a second stimulation different from the first stimulation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, system, and non-transitory computer-readable record medium for providing a plurality of group calls in a single chatroom. A group call providing method including receiving, by the at least one processor, information about a plurality of group call channels generated in response to a first request from at least one member included in a chatroom, from a server, providing, by the at least one processor, a group call channel list about the plurality of group call channels through the chatroom based on the information about the plurality of group call channels, and starting, by the at least one processor, a group call through a specific group call channel, from among the plurality of group call channels, in response to receiving a second request for joining the specific group call channel through the group call channel list may be provided.

Abstract: Provided are a polymer thin-film transistor and a method of fabricating the same. Donor-acceptor copolymer-based field-effect transistors (FETs) have attracted considerable attention from technological and academic perspectives due to their low band gap, high mobility, low cost, easy solution processability, flexibility, and stretchability. Large-area films can be formed through meniscus-guided coating among various solution-processing techniques. 29-Diketopyrrolopyrrole-selenophene vinylene selenophene (29-DPP-SVS) donor-acceptor copolymer-based FETs have already shown excellent performance due to their short ?-? stacking distance and strong ?-? interaction. Charge carrier mobility of these types of semiconductor materials significantly depends on an applied electric field. Accordingly, detailed analysis of the electric-field dependency of charge carrier mobility is necessary to understand the transport mechanism within the material.

Abstract: A three-dimensional semiconductor memory device includes a substrate including a first region and a second region, the second region extending from the first region; a stack including interlayer insulating layers and gate electrodes, which are alternately and repeatedly stacked on the substrate, the stack having a staircase structure on the second region; an insulating layer covering the staircase structure of the stack; first vertical channel structures on the first region, penetrating the stack, and in contact with the substrate; first contact plugs on the second region and penetrating the insulating layer and the stack; and first insulating pads in the insulating layer and enclosing upper portions of the first contact plugs, respectively, wherein the first insulating pads overlap with the first vertical channel structures in a horizontal direction.

Abstract: A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using a 3D-spacer fabric and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) shows great application potential for biokinetic energy harvesting and a multifunctional self-power device. In the present disclosure, a TENG with a fabric-PDMS-fabric structure is fabricated using diverse three-dimensional (3D) fabrics and PDMS. Peak-to-peak output voltages of the diverse 3D-spacer fabrics are compared. The output voltages are changed due to structures and vertical fibers. In addition, a coefficient of surface friction between PDMS and fabric improves the output voltage. TENGs using different 3D-spacer polymeric fabrics show different maximum peak-to-peak output voltage performances. This is due to the stiffness, lateral elasticity, and 3D morphology of the fabrics. It is considered that those factors including the stiffness, the lateral elasticity, and the 3D morphology influence the densities in vertical and lateral fiber-to-fiber interaction.

Abstract: An electronic device and a control method thereof are provided. The electronic device includes a camera, a camera flash, and at least one processor configured to control the camera to capture a natural light image and a depth image of an object, control the camera and the camera flash to capture an artificial light image of the object, obtain distance information from the depth image to generate a depth mask image, create a cluster mask image from the natural light image, obtain a flash image in which the illuminance of the natural light image has been removed from the illuminance of the artificial light image, obtain an optimization parameter based on the distance information, the depth mask image, the cluster mask image, and the flash image, and obtain three-dimensional topographic information and surface reflection information about the object based on the obtained optimization parameter.

Abstract: Organic polymer semiconductor-based polymer solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable research interest due to having excellent electrical, structural, optical, mechanical, and chemical properties. In the past 20 years, considerable efforts have been made to develop PSCs. Generally, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is used as a hole transport layer (HTL) of the PSC to enhance hole extraction efficiency, but highly acidic PEDOT:PSS destroys an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and an active layer and thus reduces the lifetime of the device. To avoid this problem, some attempts have been made to develop inverted PSCs having different electron transport layers (ETLs). However, such a device has limited power conversion efficiency (PCE) due to low electron mobility of the ETL. Therefore, attempts have been made to enhance the PCE of inverted PSCs using indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) having optimized indium (In), gallium (Ga), and zinc (Zn) contents.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material including a core containing SiOx (0?x<2) and a lithium-containing compound, and a shell disposed on the core and containing SiOx (0?x<2) and magnesium silicate.

Abstract: The present disclosure is broadly concerned with the field of cancer immunotherapy. For example, the present invention generally relates to an immune cell comprising a genetically engineered antigen receptor that specifically binds to a target antigen and a genetic disruption agent that reduces or is capable of reducing the expression in the immune cell of a gene that weakens the function of the immune cell.

Abstract: A head-up display apparatus includes an image source including a display; a first mirror located above the image source, and having a predetermined transmittance; a second mirror facing the first mirror, and selectively moving, by a driving unit, between an operating position and a protection position; a light sensor located behind the first mirror, and configured for detecting sunlight; and a controller electrically connected to the driving unit and configured for controlling the driving unit based on the sunlight detected by the light sensor, wherein the operating position is a position in which light transmission is allowed between the image source and a windshield, and the protection position is a position in which light transmission is blocked between the image source and the windshield.

Abstract: A diary addition method, as well as a system, and a non-transitory computer-readable record medium implementing the diary addition method, including providing an interface for selecting data included in a messaging platform in response to an input of a diary creation request for a specific period in a calendar; and creating a diary document based on data selected through the interface and adding the diary document to the calendar in association with the specific period may be provided.