Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a latch signal generation circuit latching an external signal in synchronization with an internal clock signal to generate a latch signal, a test pulse generation circuit buffering the internal clock signal according to the latch signal to generate a test pulse signal, and a test period signal generation circuit generating a test period signal which is enabled, in response to a pulse of the test pulse signal, to execute a predetermined function.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a counter control signal generation circuit and an access information generation circuit. The counter control signal generation circuit generates a count enablement signal, a reset signal and a count increment signal in response to a first row address selected as a target address and a second row address selected as a neighboring address. The access information generation circuit receives the count enablement signal, the reset signal and the count increment signal to generate a first access information signal including information on the number of times that the target address is selected and a second access information signal including information on the number of times that the neighboring address is selected.

Abstract: A semiconductor system includes a first semiconductor device and a first semiconductor device. The first semiconductor device outputs a clock, a chip selection signal and addresses. The second semiconductor device generates a masking signal from the addresses inputted in synchronization with a first pulse of the clock in response to the chip selection signal and decodes internal addresses generated from the addresses inputted in synchronization with a second pulse of the clock to select a word line. The second semiconductor device controls a connection between an address decoder and a fuse circuit in response to the masking signal. The address decoder selects the word line.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a flag signal generation circuit and a power-down signal generation circuit. The flag signal generation circuit generates a flag signal which is enabled in response to an operational frequency information signal. The power-down signal generation circuit generates a power-down signal for controlling input of a command in response to the flag signal and a clock enablement signal. A point of time that the power-down signal is generated is adjusted in response to the flag signal.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a flag signal generation circuit and a power-down signal generation circuit. The flag signal generation circuit generates a flag signal which is enabled in response to an operational frequency information signal. The power-down signal generation circuit generates a power-down signal for controlling input of a command in response to the flag signal and a clock enablement signal. A point of time that the power-down signal is generated is adjusted in response to the flag signal.

Abstract: A user interface for displaying and playing multimedia contents is capable of allowing the user to easily recognize information about multimedia contents at a glance, and allowing the user to more easily retrieve desired information, through an image pre-play function. An apparatus includes the user interface, and a control method for the apparatus are includes displaying a sorting item of a multimedia content, and arranging file information included in the sorting item and having the form of a playable image.

Abstract: A method for improving fuel-efficiency during a temporary stop may include dividing, by an engine control apparatus, a neutral control condition into a neutral control entry and a neutral control release during a D-stage temporary stop, determining, a neutral control entry D-stage target RPM at a time of the neutral control entry, and a neutral control release D-stage target RPM at a time of the neutral control release, and RPM shifting the neutral control entry D-stage target RPM to a speed gradient conforming to a transmission clutch release time of a transmission control apparatus at a time of a neutral control after the neutral control entry and RPM shifting the neutral control release D-stage target RPM to a speed gradient conforming to a clutch coupling time of a transmission by the transmission control apparatus at a time of a neutral control after the neutral control release.

Abstract: A ventilation system that allows air to be directly discharged to an outside of a ventilation apparatus, the ventilation system including a body and the ventilation apparatus provided at an edge of an upper surface of the body and configured to take in polluted air generated during cooking, wherein the ventilation apparatus includes a suction port configured to take in the polluted air, a suction fan provided at an inside of the body and configured to generate a suction force for the polluted air to be taken in through the suction port, a passage through which the air taken in through the suction port passes, at least one filter mounted at an inside the passage and configured to purify the air passing through the passage, and an exit port communicating with one end portion of the passage and configured to discharge the air purified by the at least one filter indoors.

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator including an inner case, a storage compartment formed inside the inner case, an outer case provided outside the inner case, and a plurality of vacuum insulation modules provided between the inner case and the outer case to insulate the storage compartment, and each of the plurality of vacuum insulation modules includes a vacuum insulator, and a cartridge which accommodates the vacuum insulator and supports the inner case and the outer case. The cartridge has a mutual coupling portion coupled to the cartridge of an adjacent vacuum insulation module. Accordingly, the vacuum insulator can be easily manufactured without an additional support frame or a foaming process, and sufficient strength and coupling force can be secured by using only the vacuum insulator.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus for a field winding motor. A brush is disposed is a holder. An armature is connected to the brush and disposed in the holder. A slip ring is electrically connected to or disconnected from the brush. A support spring surrounds the brush between the slip ring and the armature. A coil is disposed outside of the holder so as to overlap the support spring and the armature. A first power terminal is connected to the brush and supplies a first driving current. A second power terminal is connected to the coil and supplying a second driving current.

Abstract: Provided is a field winding type motor capable of having high efficiency and reinforcing a portion having low stiffness during high speed rotation by respectively assembling metal cores in axial directions of a stator bobbin and a rotor bobbin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a refrigerator having an inner case, a storage compartment formed in the inner case, an outer case provided outside the inner case, an inner frame coupled to an outer surface of the inner case to support the inner case, an outer frame coupled to an inner surface of the outer case to support the outer case, and a vacuum insulation panel provided between the inner case and the outer case to insulate the storage compartment and supported by the inner frame and the outer frame. The refrigerator can be assembled without foaming insulation and maintain rigidity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate, and a second liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, wherein at least one of the first liquid crystal alignment layer and the second liquid crystal alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising: a first substrate; a first gate line which extends in a first direction; first and second data lines which extend in a second direction different from the first direction and are adjacent to each other; a first pixel which includes a first display area in which a first pixel electrode connected to the first data line is disposed, and a first circuit area in which a first gate electrode connected to the first gate line is disposed; a second pixel which includes a second display area in which a second pixel electrode connected to the second data line is disposed, and a second circuit area in which a second gate electrode connected to the second gate line is disposed; and an opaque conductive pattern which extends in the first direction so as to overlap the first circuit area and the second circuit area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate; and a second liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate. At least one of the first liquid crystal alignment layer and the second liquid crystal alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate including a first base substrate, a first field-generating electrode disposed on the first base substrate, and a second field-generating electrode disposed on the first field-generating electrode; a second substrate facing the first base substrate and disposed spaced apart from the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystals, in which an electric field is formed by the first field-generating electrode and the second field-generating electrode, being disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and contacting the second field-generating electrode; and a plurality of first projections disposed between the second field-generating electrode and the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate including a first base substrate, a first field-generating electrode disposed on the first base substrate, and a second field-generating electrode disposed on the first field-generating electrode; a second substrate facing the first base substrate and disposed spaced apart from the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystals, in which an electric field is formed by the first field-generating electrode and the second field-generating electrode, being disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and contacting the second field-generating electrode; and a plurality of first projections disposed between the second field-generating electrode and the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition including: a liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal aligning agent including at least one compound represented by Formula 1: wherein in the Formula 1, X—*, *-L1-*, *-L2-*, *-L3-*, *—C—*, *—R—*, *—Y, n1, n2, and m are the same as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition including: a liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal aligning agent containing at least one compound represented by Formula 1: wherein in the Formula 1, X-*, *-L1-*, *-L2-*, *-L3-*, *—C—*, *-R-*, Y-*, n1, n2, and m is the same as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a display panel, an opposite display panel, a liquid crystal layer between the display panel and the opposite display panel. The display panel includes a first base substrate, a pretilt alignment stabilization layer including a polymer of a reactive mesogen, a first vertical alignment layer including a decomposition product of a polymerization initiator between the first base substrate and the pretilt alignment stabilization layer, and a pattern electrode between the first base substrate and the first vertical alignment layer. The opposite display panel includes a second base substrate, a patternless electrode on the second base substrate, and a second vertical alignment layer on the patternless electrode, which includes the decomposition product of the polymerization initiator. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy. A surface of the LCD that faces a viewer has a concave shaped curve.