Abstract: Disclosed are an ionic liquid, an electrolyte including the ionic liquid, and a lithium secondary battery including the same. The ionic liquid is capable of forming a film having high ionic conductivity on an anode upon reductive decomposition of cations contained therein, and delaying the decomposition of anions.

Abstract: A method of calculating a collision risk of a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: calculating an available velocity area based on maneuvering performance of a host ship; calculating a velocity obstacle area where there is a possibility of collision between an object and the host ship; and calculating a collision risk based on at least one of the available velocity area, the velocity obstacle area, and a preset weight.

Abstract: An air cleaner includes a case, an air inlet, an air outlet, a grill covering the air inlet to filter airborne oil droplets, a fan to suction air through the air inlet and discharge air out of the air outlet, a roll filter provided between the grill and the fan to filter oil mist, and a filter roller to cut the roll filter. The roll filter includes a roller and a filter sheet wound around the roller, and the filter sheet may be unwound to extend behind the grill. When the filter sheet becomes dirty, the roll filter is further unwound so that a clean section is provided behind the grill, and the filter cutter may cut off the dirty section. During cutting, a clamp holds down the filter sheet. The case includes a slit through which the dirty section of the filter sheet passes for discarding.

Abstract: The inventive concept relates to a substrate treating apparatus including a process chamber having a first and a second body, a support unit supporting a substrate, a heating unit heats the substrate, a driver moves any one of the first body and the second body, an interval state detection unit that detects an interval state between a side wall of the first body and a side wall of the second body when the first and the second body are placed in a process location, and a controller that controls the driver and the interval state detection unit, wherein the interval state detection unit includes a pressure provision line that provides a positive pressure or a negative pressure between the side wall of the first body and the side wall of the second body, and a pressure measurement member that measures a change in a pressure of the pressure provision line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of an agent for measuring the expression level of a protein that induces the acquisition of metastatic ability by tumor cells, or a gene encoding the same, and a method for preventing or treating metastatic cancer by controlling the expression of the protein or gene. The present invention provides effective biomarkers for metastatic cancer that are capable of significantly improving the patient's survival rate when detected early, and provides a method capable of predicting with high reliability the likelihood that primary cancer will progress to metastatic cancer. Thus, the present invention may be useful for efficient prevention or treatment of metastatic cancer by inhibiting the expression of these factors.

Abstract: A cathode active material with controlled rheological properties for lithium secondary batteries. In particular, the cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes: a core part comprising a lithium metal oxide; and a coating layer covering at least a portion of a surface of the core part and comprising an inorganic compound.

Abstract: A reinforced composite membrane with improved ion conductivity and wettability is provided. Provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure is a reinforced composite membrane comprising a porous support and an ionomer layer, which comprises an ion conductor filling the pores inside the porous support, wherein the porous support comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface is reformed to contain a first hydrophilic functional group.

Abstract: A method of managing identification information of a drone may include: generating an access message, wherein the access message includes an identifier for the ground identification device, which is a transmitter, an identifier for a receiver, an execution function command for classifying and defining a function to be performed, a serial number for transmitting information sequentially and retransmitting the information when transmission fails, data size information for informing a size of data to be transmitted, and transmission data; and transmitting the access message to an integrated management system corresponding to the identifier for the receiver.

Abstract: A D2D scheduling method in a UAV-based IoT network includes: (a) acquiring a geographical map for all transmission links of a D2D network within a network coverage area; (b) applying the geographical map to a sparse convolution model to extract a feature map; (c) defining the feature map for a time slot t as a state St, and then inputting the feature map to actor and critic networks of a reinforcement learning-based scheduling policy learning model, respectively, and selecting a scheduling decision At for the D2D transmission link based on a scheduling output of the actor network and a greedy strategy; and (d) transmitting the scheduling decision At to the D2D network and then receiving reward when the scheduling decision At is applied by the D2D network, wherein the reward is calculated as a total achievable transmission rate.

Abstract: A display device includes a power supply to supply a first initialization power source to the pixels through a first initialization and to supply a second initialization power source to the pixels through a second power line.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surface acoustic wave filter with a mass addition film formed on a plurality of electrodes. The surface acoustic wave filter includes a substrate on which a support substrate, an energy confinement layer, and a piezoelectric layer are sequentially stacked; first and second bus bars extended in a first direction on the substrate and spaced apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a plurality of IDT electrodes alternately extended from the first and second bus bars in the second direction and spaced apart from each other in the first direction; and a mass addition film extended in the first direction to cover the top surface of the plurality of IDT electrodes and the top surface of the substrate exposed between the plurality of IDT electrodes.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device comprises a cell structure and a peripheral circuit structure electrically connected to the cell structure. The peripheral circuit structure comprises an active region, a first gate structure comprising a first gate insulating layer intersecting the active region and in contact with the active region, a second gate structure comprising a second gate insulating layer spaced apart from the first gate structure, and in contact with the active region, and a source/drain region between the first gate structure and the second gate structure. A thickness of the first gate insulating layer is less than a thickness of the second gate insulating layer. The source/drain region comprises a first region adjacent to the first gate structure and a second region adjacent to the second gate structure. A depth of the first region is equal to a depth of the second region.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a rear chassis including a fastening hole, a light source module installed at the rear chassis and configured to emit light, a diffuser plate to diffuse light emitted from the light source module, a liquid crystal panel arranged in front of the diffuser plate, a front chassis arranged to cover sides of the liquid crystal panel and the diffuser plate, a middle mold to couple the diffuser plate so that the diffuser plate is arranged in front of the light source module, the middle mold including a fastening groove to align with the fastening hole, a bonding member to bond the diffuser plate to the middle mold, and a fastening member coupleable to the fastening groove by passing through the fastening hole from behind the rear chassis to couple the rear chassis to the middle mold.

Abstract: Disclosed are a low refractive index resin composition for TPP nano 3D printing and photonic wire bonding method using the same. The low refractive index resin composition for TPP nano 3D printing is made of a fluorinated resin composition with a low refractive index including a (meth)acrylic reactive group with sufficient solvency for a photoinitiator for TPP reaction. As a result, by supporting to print a micro-sized single-mode optical waveguide as well as cladding of an optical waveguide surrounding the single-mode optical waveguide thus formed through a TPP nano 3D printing method, a photonic wire bonding (PWB) method that can manufacture a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) with minimal optical loss and high reliability is proposed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to a method, semiconductor device structures, and multi-chamber processing system for exposing a semiconductor device structure to an oxidizing plasma to form an oxide layer on at least one electrical connection formed in at least one feature formed within a dielectric layer of the semiconductor device structure, performing an etch process to remove the oxide layer and form an etch recess between a portion of the electrical connection and the dielectric layer At least a portion of the etch recess extends underneath at least a portion of the dielectric layer, and filling the at least one feature and the etch recess with a metal material.

Abstract: Disclosed are a device and a method for user authentication using a security card. The device for user authentication comprises: a card reader which, when a card is recognized, acquires a face image stored in the card; an infrared light source which emits infrared rays toward a user; an infrared camera which acquires an infrared image including the facial region of the user; a color camera which acquires a color image including the facial region of the user; and a control unit which determines a result of user authentication on the basis of at least one of the infrared image, the color image, and the face image, and generates a control signal according to the result of user authentication.

Abstract: A method of pre-cleaning in a semiconductor structure includes performing a plasma pre-treatment process to remove impurities from a surface of a semiconductor structure comprising a metal layer and a dielectric layer, performing a selective etch process to remove molybdenum oxide from a surface of the metal layer, the selective etch process comprising soaking the semiconductor structure in a precursor including molybdenum chloride (MoCl5, MoCl6) at a temperature of between 250° C. and 350° C., and performing a post-treatment process to remove chlorine residues and by-products of the selective etch process on the surface of the semiconductor structure.

Abstract: A light modulating device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a light modulating device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first and second substrates, and wherein the light modulating device satisfies Equation 1: T2?3×T1, wherein, T1 is an initial transmittance measured after vertically orienting the liquid crystal layer and placing it between orthogonal polarizers, and T2 is a transmittance measured after heating the liquid crystal layer showing the transmittance of T1 at 100° C. for 5 minutes, and then placing it between the orthogonal polarizers. The light modulating device can stably maintain designed optical properties even after an encapsulation process. The light modulating device can also stably maintain the orientation state of a light modulation layer while effectively securing adhesive force between upper and lower substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low-resistance material film formation method for forming a film on a semiconductor substrate by using physical vapor deposition (PVD), comprising the steps of: a) forming a barrier layer on a SiO2 wafer by using low-temperature magnetron sputtering at a pressure of 1-40 Pa; b) modifying, after formation of the barrier layer, the surface of the barrier layer by applying RF bias in an Ar gas atmosphere without applying DC power; and c) layering a low-resistance material on the barrier layer by using magnetron sputtering, wherein the low-resistance material is at least one selected from the group consisting of tungsten (W), ruthenium (Ru), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co) and rhodium (Rh).

Abstract: The subject matter of this specification can be embodied in, among other things, a graphene plasmon resonator that includes a planar patterned layer having a collection of electrically conductive segments, and a collection of dielectric segments, each dielectric segment defined between a corresponding pair of the electrically conductive segments, a graphene layer substantially parallel to the planar patterned layer and overlapping the collection of electrically conductive segments, and a planar dielectric layer between the planar patterned layer and the graphene layer.