Abstract: A light modulating device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a light modulating device includes a light modulation film layer, wherein the light modulation film layer includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first and second substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer and is capable of implementing twisted orientation, and wherein a K value is in a range of 0.15 to 0.4. The light modulation device can stably maintain designed optical properties even after an encapsulation process in which a pressure is applied, such as an autoclave process. The light modulating device can also stably maintain the orientation state of the light modulation layer while effectively securing adhesive force between upper and lower substrates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light modulation device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a method comprises transferring a first substrate between a first unwind roll and a take-up roll, wherein an adhesive layer is disposed on the a first surface of the first substrate, transferring a second substrate between a second unwind roll and the take-up roll, wherein the second substrate includes a spacer and a liquid crystal alignment film formed on a first surface of the second substrate during the transfer and prior to an attachment with the adhesive layer of the first substrate, and attaching the first and second substrates via respective first surfaces thereof by passing the first and second substrates through an opening between adjacent attachment rolls to form a light modulation device.

Abstract: A light modulation device is disclosed herein. The light modulation device can properly maintain a cell gap by controlling the shape and arrangement of spacers and the like, and is applicable for various applications by effectively controlling omnidirectional light leakage in a black mode, while having excellent optical properties, including transmittance-variable characteristics and haze characteristics, and the like.

Abstract: A light modulating device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a light modulating device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first and second substrates, and wherein the light modulating device satisfies Equation 1: T2?3×T1, wherein, T1 is an initial transmittance measured after vertically orienting the liquid crystal layer and placing it between orthogonal polarizers, and T2 is a transmittance measured after heating the liquid crystal layer showing the transmittance of T1 at 100° C. for 5 minutes, and then placing it between the orthogonal polarizers. The light modulating device can stably maintain designed optical properties even after an encapsulation process. The light modulating device can also stably maintain the orientation state of a light modulation layer while effectively securing adhesive force between upper and lower substrates.

Abstract: A light modulating device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a light modulating device includes a first substrate having a first surface, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or an adhesive layer formed on the first surface of the first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates; and a partition wall spacer, wherein the partition wall spacer maintains a distance between the first and second substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer is capable of being configured in a twist orientation, and wherein a ratio of thickness of the liquid crystal layer relative to a pitch of the liquid crystal layer in the twist orientation is more than 2.8 and 10 or less. The light modulating device can have a wide transmittance variable range and does not have problems, such as liquid crystal defects or visibility deterioration, while implementing low transmittance in a black mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus with pruning are disclosed. A method is performed by an apparatus including a processor, the method includes determining weight importance of a trained neural network, receiving a constraint condition related to an operation resource, and determining, in accordance with the constraint condition, a pruning mask for maximizing the weight importance of the trained neural network.

Abstract: A clock generating circuit includes a first frequency multiplier configured to generate a second clock signal having a second frequency based on a first clock signal having a first frequency, and a second frequency multiplier configured to generate a third clock signal having a third frequency based on the second clock signal. The first frequency multiplier includes a circuit configured to control a duty cycle of the first clock signal, a delay circuit configured to receive the duty controlled clock signal, and delay the received signal based on a duty cycle of the second clock signal to output a first delay clock signal, and an XOR gate configured to perform an XOR computation using the duty controlled clock signal and the first delay clock signal to output the second clock signal. The second frequency is greater than the first frequency, and the third frequency is greater than the second frequency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus with neural network control are provided. In one general aspect, a method is performed by at least one processor of an apparatus, the method includes selecting neural networks from among available neural networks with respective input image resolutions, including plural resolutions, wherein the selected neural networks are selected based on a sum of amounts of mutual information between the selected neural networks being minimal and based on a limiting condition of a use of the available neural networks, and configuring the available neural networks to perform an inference on input data, wherein the configuring is based on the combination of the selected neural networks.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for applying a dielectrophoretic force on a particle include: a cell defining at least one channel for confining the particle; and a first electrode and a second electrode electrically isolated from the first electrode, at least one of the first and second electrodes being formed from a two-dimensional (2D) material providing an atomically sharp edge. The first and second electrodes are arranged sufficiently close to one another and sufficiently close to the channel such that application of a sufficient voltage across the first and second electrodes generates an electric field in at least part of the channel, the electric field having an electric field gradient sufficient to apply the dielectrophoretic force on the particle in the channel.

Abstract: An optical device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an optical device includes a first outer substrate, a second outer substrate, a liquid crystal element film positioned between the first and second outer substrates, intermediate layers positioned between the first outer substrate and the liquid crystal element film and between the liquid crystal element film and the second outer substrate, respectively, wherein a sum of the total thicknesses of the intermediate layers is 1,600 ?m or more. The optical device can secure structural stability and good quality uniformity by maintaining the cell gap of the liquid crystal element film properly, having excellent attachment force between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and minimizing defects such as pressing or crowding in the bonding process of the outer substrates.

Abstract: A transmittance-variable device is provided in the present application. The present application provides a transmittance-variable device, which can be applied to various applications without causing problems such as a crosstalk phenomenon, a rainbow phenomenon or a mirroring phenomenon, while having excellent transmittance-variable characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for fatigue prevention, recovery, or treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for prevention, alleviation, or treatment of obesity.

Abstract: This application relates to a method for adjusting a user interface displayed on a user device. In one aspect, the method for providing a service of hiding account information, performed in a user device linked with a financial institution server, including displaying a plurality of accounts included in account information received from the financial institution server on a home screen of the user device, receiving a screen edit request of a user through selection of an icon displayed on the home screen, and displaying the plurality of accounts in a first area of an edit screen, moving locations of some of the plurality of accounts from the first area to a second area different from the first area based on a user input, and displaying on the home screen only accounts included in the first area of the edit screen.

Abstract: The subject matter of this specification can be embodied in, among other things, a photodetector that includes a semiconductor substrate, a semiconductor annulus on a planar face of the semiconductor substrate, and a metal layer on the semiconductor substrate, wherein the metal layer comprises a first region surrounding the semiconductor annulus and comprises a second region filling an interior region to the semiconductor annulus, and the metal layer in the first region forms a Schottky junction with the semiconductor ring.

Abstract: Provided are a data reduction method and a data processing device. The data processing device includes a memory configured to store target data expressed as a vector matrix and instructions for performing control over data reduction and a processor configured to determine low-rank matrices W1 and W2 from which a target parameter matrix W is constructable. The target parameter matrix W is constructed as the Hadamard product between the low-rank matrices W1 and W2.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an authentication and payment system and method. The authentication and payment system of the present invention includes an issuer server, an issuer information management intermediate server, an acquirer server and a payment server. The issuer server issues, manages and operates payment means.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for improving, preventing or treating an anxiety disorder, and a tranquilizing composition.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for training a neural network. One of the methods includes obtaining a batch of training items and a ground truth assignment; processing the training items in the batch using the neural network to generate respective embeddings for each of the training items; and adjusting the current values of the network parameters by performing an iteration of a neural network training procedure to optimize an objective function that penalizes the neural network for generating embeddings that do not result in, for each possible clustering assignment other than the ground truth assignment, the oracle clustering score being higher than a clustering score for the possible clustering assignment by at least a structured margin between the possible clustering assignment and the ground truth assignment.

Abstract: A coating composition, a method for manufacturing a substrate using the same, and an optical device are provided. The method for manufacturing the substrate provides the substrate having excellent performance, as the substrate has fixed spacers on its surface by using a single layer in which nanoparticles and spacers are dispersed in an alignment film to reduce processes and cost. The optical device may be manufactured by such method.