Abstract: A method of manufacturing an inkjet printhead includes forming a chamber layer having multiple ink chambers on a substrate. A sacrificial layer is formed and is configured to fill a space associated with the ink chambers on the chamber layer. A nozzle layer is formed on the top surfaces of the chamber layer and the sacrificial layer and having multiple nozzles. An etching mask is prepared on the bottom surface of the substrate. The etching mask has at least one linear etching pattern configured to define a portion of the substrate in which an ink feed hole is to be formed. The substrate is etched through the linear etching pattern until the sacrificial layer is exposed and a through hole is formed. The through hole defines the portion of the substrate in which the ink feed hole is to be formed. The sacrificial layer and the portion of the substrate surrounded by the through hole are removed to form the ink feed hole.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus includes a first substrate including a switching element and a pixel electrode, the pixel electrode electrically connected to the switching element, and a second substrate disposed over the first substrate, the second substrate including a common electrode having a first slit and a second slit, wherein the first slit divides a unit pixel area into a plurality of domains, and the second slit partially overlaps the pixel electrode and is disposed to correspond to a boundary area of adjacent unit pixel areas.

Abstract: A heater of a thermal inkjet printhead. The heater is formed of tantalum aluminum oxynitride (Ta—Al—ON), wherein the tantalum aluminum oxynitride is formed of about 30 to about 60 atomic % tantalum, about 10 to about 30 atomic % aluminum, about 5 to about 30 atomic % oxygen, and about 5 to about 30 atomic % nitrogen.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube (“CNT”) gas sensor includes a substrate, an insulating layer formed on the substrate, electrodes formed on the insulating layer, and CNT barriers that protrude higher than the electrodes in spaces between the electrodes to form gas detecting spaces. A method of manufacturing the gas sensor includes forming an insulating layer on a substrate, forming an electrode pattern on the insulating layer, coating CNT paste having a thickness greater than a thickness of electrodes in the electrode pattern on the electrodes and the insulating layer, and patterning and firing the carbon nanotube paste, including using a photolithography method, to retain only portions of the CNT paste coated on spaces between the electrodes.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave (“SAW”) sensor includes; a first signal generator which generates a first signal having a predetermined frequency bandwidth using a pseudo random sequence, a second signal generator which generates a second signal with a predetermined frequency, a signal blender which blends the first signal with the second signal to generate a blended signal having the predetermined frequency bandwidth with the predetermined frequency as a center frequency, a wave generator which generates a surface acoustic wave using the blended signal, which converts the surface acoustic wave into a third signal after the surface acoustic wave travels a predetermined distance, and which outputs the third signal, and a signal detector which detects a change in the third signal from the wave generator to sense a substance bound to the wave generator.

Abstract: A method of positively detecting toxic materials within a sample, the method including contacting sub-mitochondrial particles having competent mitochondrial enzymes formed from inner membranes of mitochondria, an electron donor which transmits electrons to an electron transfer system of the sub-mitochondrial particles and the sample, and forming reaction resultants, adjusting a pH of a pH indicator which change color according to a change in pH, adding the pH indicators to each reaction resultant and identifying color changes of the pH indicator. Also provided is a kit for positively detecting toxic materials within a sample.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner, a method of preparing the electrophotographic toner, and an image forming apparatus using the electrophotographic toner. The electrophotographic toner includes a binder resin, a colorant, a releasing agent, and a spherical metal nanoparticle having a volume average diameter of about 10 to about 100 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of positively detecting toxic materials within a sample, the method including contacting sub-mitochondrial particles with an electron donor. The electron donor is reacted with an electron transfer system of the sub-mitochondrial particles to produce a reactant. A pH indicator has its pH adjusted to be in a range of 9 to 11. The pH indicator is added to each reactant. Color changes in the pH indicator permit the detection of toxins present in the sample.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal inkjet printhead. The inkjet printhead includes a substrate; an insulating layer formed on the substrate; a heater formed on the insulating layer and an electrode to apply current to the heater; a chamber layer that is stacked on the insulating layer and includes an ink chamber; a nozzle layer that is stacked on the chamber layer and includes a nozzle; and at least a heat transfer layer that is formed inside the insulating layer and dissipates heat generated in by the heater toward the substrate.

Abstract: A light emitting diode array including apertures, a line printer head using the light emitting diode array, and a method of manufacturing the light emitting diode array. The light emitting diode array includes the apertures that are formed in a substrate and restrict tunnels of light emitted from a plurality of light emitting diodes. Also, a lens that refracts the light transmitted through the plurality of apertures is included.

Abstract: A lens integrated light emitting diode array, a line printer head using the light emitting diode array, and a method of manufacturing the light emitting diode array. The light emitting diode array includes a plurality of light emitting diodes formed on a surface of a transparent substrate and a plurality of lenses formed on another surface opposite to the surface of the transparent substrate, wherein the plurality of light emitting diodes are divided into a plurality of groups to be arranged to respectively correspond to the plurality of lenses.

Abstract: A 3-dimensional air bubble trapping apparatus includes a plurality of chambers, each having an inflow and outflow channel at both ends, and which traps air bubbles in a material introduced through the inflow channel, wherein the chambers are divided into a previous chamber and a next chamber based on a moving direction of the material in the chamber, and wherein the outflow channel of the previous chamber is connected to the inflow channel of the next chamber, and wherein a face perpendicular to an outflow direction of the material in the outflow channel of the previous chamber is not disposed parallel with a face perpendicular to the outflow direction of the material in the outflow channel of the next chamber, whereby air bubbles in the material are trapped without being affected by an angle defined by a gravity direction and vibration of the apparatus.

Abstract: Provided are a light emitting diode unit including a light emitting diode integrated with a lens, a line printer head using the light emitting diode, and a method of manufacturing the light emitting diode. The light emitting diode unit includes the light emitting diode layer bonded to a transparent substrate after removing a growth substrate on which the light emitting layer is grown, and a lens that refracts light emitted from the light emitting diode is formed on the transparent substrate.

Abstract: An overlay measuring apparatus includes a light source which generates visible light with a plurality of wavelengths, an optical module which selects visible light with a single wavelength from the visible light generated by the light source, makes the visible light with a single wavelength incident on a plurality of overlay patterns, and uses visible light reflected from the plurality of overlay patterns to project the overlay patterns with a predetermined color, an imaging unit which acquires images of the plurality of overlay patterns according to individual wavelengths of the visible light and acquires corresponding image signals, and a control unit which outputs a control signal to the optical module so that the optical module can project the overlay pattern with a specific color using information associated with the individual wavelengths of the visible light that is used to project the overlay pattern image selected by a selection unit.

Abstract: Provided are a schottky diode having an appropriate low breakdown voltage to be used in a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and a method for fabricating the same. The schottky diode includes a silicon substrate having a structure in which an N-type well is formed on a P-type substrate, an insulating layer surrounding a circumference of the N-type well so as to electrically separate the N-type well from the P-type substrate, an N+ doping layer partly formed in a portion of a region of an upper surface of the N-type well, an N? doping layer partly formed in the other portion of a region of the upper surface of the N-type well, a cathode formed on the N+ doping layer, and an anode formed on the N? doping layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-fretting wear spacer grid having a plurality of canoe-shaped springs formed thereon, wherein each of the canoe-shaped springs includes: a fuel rod-contacting part having a flat surface having a predetermined longitudinal length so as to have linear contact with the fuel rod; a curved face-connecting part formed on the upper and lower portions of the fuel rod-contacting part; a leg-connecting part formed on the end portion of the curved face-connecting part; and legs each being formed of a plate shape having a predetermined length and connecting the both sides of the leg-connecting part with one unit grid cell surface.

Abstract: The microfluidic device includes a rotatable platform, a plurality of connection ports disposed at a portion of the platform proximate to a shaft connection hole, the plurality of connection ports capable of being connected to an external connector for selectively injecting and discharging fluid and being closed by the connector, a trap chamber disposed at a portion of the platform further away from the shaft connection hole than the plurality of connection ports, the trap chamber including an inlet connected with at least one connection port of the plurality of connection ports, an outlet connected with another connection port of the plurality of connection ports and structures which enlarge a contact area with the fluid and a temporary storage including an inlet connected with the outlet of the trap chamber and an outlet connected with another connection port of the plurality of connection ports.

Abstract: A thermal inkjet printhead includes a plurality of bonding pads to which an external voltage is applied, a plurality of common wires connected to the each of the bonding pads, respectively, a plurality of individual wires connected to each of the common wires, respectively, and heaters connected to each of the individual wires, respectively, to generate ink bubbles by heating ink, wherein each of the common wires includes a first metal layer and a first metal bump which are formed on the first metal layer.

Abstract: A method of increasing discrimination for a target DNA having a polymorphic site is provided. The method comprising immobilizing first and second probes on a substrate; hybridizing the immobilized first and second probes with first and second hurdle DNAs, respectively; and hybridizing the target DNA with the hybrids, and determining the ratio of a signal of the target DNA hybridized to the first probe to a signal of the target DNA hybridized to the second probe. The addition of a hurdle DNA and variation of a probe base can improve an ability of discriminating a single base mismatch.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave (“SAW”) sensor includes; a first signal generator which generates a first signal having a predetermined frequency bandwidth using a pseudo random sequence, a second signal generator which generates a second signal with a predetermined frequency, a signal blender which blends the first signal with the second signal to generate a blended signal having the predetermined frequency bandwidth with the predetermined frequency as a center frequency, a wave generator which generates a surface acoustic wave using the blended signal, which converts the surface acoustic wave into a third signal after the surface acoustic wave travels a predetermined distance, and which outputs the third signal, and a signal detector which detects a change in the third signal from the wave generator to sense a substance bound to the wave generator.