Abstract: There is provided a social media-based content recommendation apparatus including: an information collection unit configured to search one or more social media sites on the basis of received social media profile information to collect social medial information about content and deliver the social media information, an information analysis unit configured to extract one or more representative words according to an appearance frequency on the basis of the delivered social media information, determine whether a meaning of each of the extracted representative words is positive or negative, and generate and deliver content analysis information including the determination result; and a content recommendation unit configured to select recommendable content on the basis of the delivered content analysis information and deliver information about the selected recommendable content.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for searching for personalized content based on a user's comment are provided and designed to search for and provide the personalized content based on a user's preference using a user comment-based search technique, thereby raising user's satisfaction with search results and enhancing search accuracy.

Abstract: A wireless mobile communication terminal and method that can check a service area using GPS are provided. The wireless communication terminal using a position detection system and a wireless communication system having at least one connection node for providing a network connection service to a plurality of wireless communication terminals includes a communication module, a position detection module, and a network connection module which includes a service map specifying the availability of communication in an area determined according to a state of radio waves that have arrived from the connection node. The network connection module manages network connection using the position information about the wireless communication terminal and the service map.

Abstract: Methods of forming electrical interconnects include forming a copper pattern on a semiconductor substrate and then forming an electrically insulating capping layer on the copper pattern and an interlayer insulating layer on the electrically insulating capping layer. A contact hole is then formed, which extends through the interlayer insulating layer and the electrically insulating capping layer and exposes an upper surface of the copper pattern. An electroless plating step is then performed to form a copper pattern extension onto the exposed upper surface of the copper pattern. The copper pattern extension may have a thickness that is less than a thickness of the electrically insulating capping layer, which may be formed as a SiCN layer.

Abstract: Methods of forming electrical interconnects include forming a copper pattern on a semiconductor substrate and then forming an electrically insulating capping layer on the copper pattern and an interlayer insulating layer on the electrically insulating capping layer. A contact hole is then formed, which extends through the interlayer insulating layer and the electrically insulating capping layer and exposes an upper surface of the copper pattern. An electroless plating step is then performed to form a copper pattern extension onto the exposed upper surface of the copper pattern. The copper pattern extension may have a thickness that is less than a thickness of the electrically insulating capping layer, which may be formed as a SiCN layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of word lines and a plurality of pairs of bit lines and complementary bit lines that cross the plurality of word lines. A plurality of memory cells is disposed at regions where the word lines and the pairs of bit lines and complementary bit lines cross each other. A voltage control unit includes a plurality of elements connected in parallel, each of which is connected to a power voltage source and is switched on/off based on a control signal that controls an operation of the plurality of memory cells. The voltage control unit controls the voltage of the power voltage source to a predetermined level, thus obtaining a controlled voltage to be applied to the memory cells.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a dynamic system and method for managing facility services that utilize scheduled predefined events and/or unscheduled variable events, are discussed. The dynamic system can include one or more servers, mobile devices, imaging devices, etc. designed and programmed to receive, manage, control, and/or report events from designated users. The dynamic system effectively manages the flow of work, efficiency of work and quality of work, and provides a common platform for communications within organizations, with their customers, and suppliers. The system can be effectively utilized by all service businesses and production operations to manage work flow, improve quality, minimize costs, and maximize labor utilization.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a sort circuit for receiving first and second baseband signals, where the sort circuit shifting frequencies of the first and second baseband signals. The apparatus may also include a removal circuit for receiving the shifted first and second baseband signals and for combining the shifted first and second baseband signals to provide a frequency-modulated signal, and a symbol timing restoration circuit for measuring a timing error in related symbols of the frequency-modulated signal, for generating an address selection signal that is proportional to the timing error, in response to a carrier restoration signal, and for indicating restoration of the carrier.

Abstract: A wireless mobile communication terminal and method that can check a service area using GPS are provided. The wireless communication terminal using a position detection system and a wireless communication system having at least one connection node for providing a network connection service to a plurality of wireless communication terminals includes a communication module, a position detection module, and a network connection module which includes a service map specifying the availability of communication in an area determined according to a state of radio waves that have arrived from the connection node. The network connection module manages network connection using the position information about the wireless communication terminal and the service map.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a fuse pattern and an interconnection pattern formed on a surface of a semiconductor substrate. An interlayer dielectric layer may be disposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate including the fuse pattern and the interconnection pattern. A bonding pad may be formed over the interconnection pattern and connected to the interconnection pattern through the interlayer dielectric layer. A visible indicator may be formed in the interlayer dielectric layer near the bonding pad. The visible indicator may indicate a bonding region and a probing region of the bonding pad.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a sort circuit for receiving first and second baseband signals, where the sort circuit shifting frequencies of the first and second baseband signals. The apparatus may also include a removal circuit for receiving the shifted first and second baseband signals and for combining the shifted first and second baseband signals to provide a frequency-modulated signal, and a symbol timing restoration circuit for measuring a timing error in related symbols of the frequency-modulated signal, for generating an address selection signal that is proportional to the timing error, in response to a carrier restoration signal, and for indicating restoration of the carrier.

Abstract: A multi-sprinkler controller includes a timer-activated motor which drives a rotor disc. The rotor disc operates the opening and closing of several water passages through which water is supplied to the various sprinklers which make up a sprinkler system.