Abstract: The invention provides a heat generating resistant element having a high durability and a high resistance suitable for constituting an electrothermal converting member in an ink jet head or an ink jet apparatus. There is employed, as the heat generating resistant element, a film constituted of Cr, Si and N, having a composition of Cr: 15 to 20 at. %, Si: 40 to 60 at. % and N: 20 to 45 at. %, which constitute 100 at.% or substantially 100 at. %.

Abstract: A substrate for a recording head includes a circuit through which current flows upon impression of a source voltage, irrespective of the operating state of an energy converting element, and a current cutoff means for cutting off current to the circuit in response to an entered control signal. A reset signal for achieving a standby state of the printing operation serves as the control signal. The current cutoff circuit is operated when the reset signal is active in an H state, and it cuts off the constant current. By cutting off the constant current, the leak current of a heater power source VH may be accurately measured, permitting determination of whether the source voltage wiring is properly insulated from other circuit elements of the substrate. The constant current may also be cut off in the standby state, in which printing is not performed, so as to reduce power consumption.

Abstract: To supply electromotive force to a solid semiconductor element in an ink tank in a non-contact and stable manner. An electromagnetic apparatus (a standstill electromotive force supply unit) is placed at a home position HP. When a carriage is at a standstill at this home position HP, if the electromagnetic apparatus is AC-driven, magnetic properties of both ends (magnetic poles) continue to change mutually and penetrate a solid semiconductor element in the ink tank on the carriage so that a constantly changing magnetic flux is generated. Electromotive force is generated by electromagnetic induction on a coil of the solid semiconductor element. In addition, if the carriage reciprocates during printing operation, the coil L of the solid semiconductor element crosses inside the magnetic flux due to a plurality of permanent magnets (a movement time electromotive force supply unit) arranged on a carrier path (range of movement), and so the electromotive force is generated on the coil by electromagnetic induction.

Abstract: A substrate for use of an ink jet recording head is provided with a plurality of heat generating members for generating thermal energy to be utilized for discharging ink. The heat generating members are structured by thin film formed by material represented by Tax Siy Rz, which has specific resistance value of 4000 &mgr;&OHgr;·cm or less, where R is one or more kinds of elements selected from among C, O, N, and x+y+z=100. With the structure thus arranged, the heat generating members make it possible to maintain the change of resistance values within a small amount even when used continuously for a long time, and provide recorded images in high quality with long life and reliability.

Abstract: A cold cathode field emission device comprising a cathode electrode 11 formed on a supporting member 10, a gate electrode 13 which is formed above the cathode electrode 11 and has an opening portion 14, and an electron emitting portion 15 formed on a surface of a portion of the cathode electrode 11 which portion is positioned in a bottom portion of the opening portion 14, said electron emitting portion 15 comprising a carbon-group-material layer 23, and said carbon-group-material layer 23 being a layer formed from a hydrocarbon gas and a fluorine-containing hydrocarbon gas.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to efficiently concentrate an electric field and to improve electron emission efficiency in a field emission cathode constituting a flat display device. A field emission cathode constituting a flat display device is constituted to have an electron emission section arranged to face an electron applied surface. At least the electron emission section is formed out of conductive, thin plate-like fine particles. A substance having a work function of 2 to 3 eV is bonded on the surfaces of the thin plate-like fine particles.

Abstract: An individual electrode layer electrically connected to an individual electrode layer having an opening is formed beneath a heater layer and a common electrode layer along an ink flow path.

Abstract: A solid type semiconductor device comprises energy converting means for converting energy from outside, and operating means operated by energy converted by the energy converting means. The energy converting means converts the electromotive force supplied from the outside to the device in non-contact into electric power. The operating means comprises information acquiring means actuated by electric power obtained by energy converting means; discriminating means; information accumulating means; and information communicating means.

Abstract: There is disclosed a solid semiconductor element which very efficiently detects information about a liquid and bidirectionally exchanges the information with the outside. The solid semiconductor element is disposed in a liquid container, and includes at least energy converting unit, information acquiring unit, and information communicating unit. The energy converting unit converts an electromotive force from the outside to a power, and operates the information acquiring unit and information communicating unit. The information acquiring unit acquires the information about the liquid in which the solid semiconductor element is disposed from the liquid, and the information communicating unit transmits the information acquired by the information acquiring unit to the outside.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head substrate used for a liquid discharge head is adapted to discharge liquid by applying discharge energy to the liquid, and has a semiconductor substrate including an energy conversion element for converting electric energy into the discharge energy. In this case, the liquid discharge head substrate comprises a function element made of a ferroelectric material, which is formed in the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: An ink tank is provided which can efficiently perform detection of information in an ink tank such as an ink residual amount in the ink tank with a simple configuration in which it is unnecessary to set wiring or the like. A solid semiconductor element, which is provided with an acquiring unit for acquiring environmental information of the outside, an information storing unit, a discriminating unit for comparing acquired information and stored information to make a determination, and an information communicating unit for displaying the acquired information or communicating the acquired information to the outside, is embedded in an outer wall of an ink tank such that the solid semiconductor element is exposed to an internal side and an external side of the ink tank from the outer wall.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head substrate used for a liquid discharge head adapted to discharge liquid by applying discharge energy to the liquid includes a semiconductor substrate provided with an energy conversion element for converting electric energy into discharge energy. The semiconductor substrate is further provided with a function element made of a ferroelectric material.

Abstract: An ink tank is provided which can efficiently perform detection of information in an ink tank such as an ink residual amount in the ink tank with a simple configuration in which it is unnecessary to set wiring or the like. A solid semiconductor element, which is provided with an acquiring unit for acquiring environmental information of the outside, an information storing unit, a discriminating unit for comparing acquired information and stored information to make a determination, and an information communicating unit for displaying the acquired information or communicating the acquired information to the outside, is embedded in an outer wall of an ink tank such that the solid semiconductor element is exposed to an internal side and an external side of the ink tank from the outer wall.

Abstract: A base member for an ink jet head, the base member comprising a substrate, a heat generating resistor provided between electrodes which constitute a pair on the substrate an upper protection layer provided on an insulation layer which in turn is provided on the heat generating resistor, the upper protection layer having a contact surface contactable to ink, the improvement residing in that the upper protection layer is made of amorphous alloy having a following composition formula: Ta&agr;Fe&bgr;Ni&ggr;Cr&dgr;  where 10 atomic %≦&agr;≦30 atomic %, &agr;+&bgr;<80 atomic % &agr;<&bgr;, &dgr;>&ggr; and, &agr;+&bgr;+&ggr;+&dgr;=100 atomic %, and, at least the contact surface of the upper protection layer contains an oxide of a constituent component.

Abstract: The present invention allows the detection of ink in a printing head that can be widely applied to various printing systems by significantly simplifying its configuration. There are a heater for supplying an energy to eject ink, a driver for driving the heater, and a detection electrode capable of detecting a voltage variation that arises between the heater and the driver and that depends on the driving of the heater. Furthermore, an insulating film that covers the surface of the detection electrode protects the detection electrode from chemical or physical change. Furthermore, a reference element group or a reference unit that produces a signal as a reference of the detection signal avoids the influence of noise. Furthermore, an energy-generating element and another signal source improve the accuracy of ink detection. A drive pulse which is insufficient to eject ink may be supplied to the heater to improve the accuracy of ink detection.

Abstract: The field emission type cathode (K) is made as the multilayered structure (33) in which the conductive platelike corpuscles 30 are piled, whereby an edge portion of end surface of a field emission type cathode K for emitting electrons is formed sharply and easily.

Abstract: A process for producing a cold cathode field emission device comprising the steps of;

Abstract: Information transmitted through radio is recorded in telephone communications using radio.

Abstract: The field emission type cathode. (K) is made as the multilayered structure (33) in which the conductive platelike corpuscles 30 are piled, whereby an edge portion of end surface of a field emission type cathode K for emitting electrons is formed sharply and easily.

Abstract: A substrate for use in an ink jet recording head includes a plurality of heat generating resistive members formed on the substrate, a wiring pattern formed to be electrically connected with the heat generating resistive members, and a protection film formed on the heat generating resistive members and the wiring pattern to protect them from ink, and then, a vertically turn-up wiring structure is formed with an insulation film formed on the substrate, and one side of the wiring connected with the heat generating resistive members is arranged immediately below the heat generating resistive members in a width and a length larger than that of heat generating resistive members with the insulation film between them. For this substrate, the heat generating resistive members and the wiring positioned immediately below them are formed by polysilicon having impurities in different densities.