Abstract: The present disclosure provides a catalytic device for a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio gasoline engine, in which exhaust gas discharged from a gasoline engine sequentially passes through a WCC (Warm up Catalytic Converter) and a UCC (Under floor Catalytic Converter). In particular, the catalytic device may include an LNT (Lean NOx Trap) component added to one of the WCC and the UCC.

Abstract: The method includes forming a graphite layer on a substrate, forming a supporting layer on the graphite layer to form a stack of the graphite layer and the supporting layer, removing the substrate to separate the stack from the substrate, transferring the stack of the graphite layer and the supporting layer onto a frame, and removing the supporting layer from the frame.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a pellicle includes forming a membrane on a first surface of a substrate from a chemical reaction in which the substrate serves as a catalyst, forming a protective pattern on a second surface of the substrate, immersing the substrate in an etchant solution, such that a portion of the substrate exposed through the protective pattern is removed to form a frame, and replacing the etchant solution with a solvent.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a pellicle assembly, the method including attaching a carbon-containing thin film onto a transfer membrane in a wet atmosphere; attaching the carbon-containing thin film to a pellicle frame in a dry atmosphere while the carbon-containing thin film is attached onto the transfer membrane; and separating the transfer membrane from the carbon-containing thin film while the carbon-containing thin film is attached to the pellicle frame.

Abstract: A pellicle film for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography includes graphite-containing thin film.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a pellicle includes forming a membrane on a first surface of a substrate from a chemical reaction in which the substrate serves as a catalyst, forming a protective pattern on a second surface of the substrate, immersing the substrate in an etchant solution, such that a portion of the substrate exposed through the protective pattern is removed to form a frame, and replacing the etchant solution with a solvent.

Abstract: The method includes forming a graphite layer on a substrate, forming a supporting layer on the graphite layer to form a stack of the graphite layer and the supporting layer, removing the substrate to separate the stack from the substrate, transferring the stack of the graphite layer and the supporting layer onto a frame, and removing the supporting layer from the frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming graphene at a low temperature, to a method for direct transfer of graphene using same, and to a graphene sheet. The method for forming graphene at a low temperature comprises supplying a carbon-source-containing gas to a metal catalyst layer for graphene growth formed on a substrate, and forming graphene at a low temperature of 500° C. or less by means of inductively coupled plasma-chemical vapor deposition (ICP-CVD).

Abstract: A system for controlling a condition for entry into a fuel cut mode comprises a controller that receives a temperature of a catalyst in a catalytic converter and determines whether the temperature is within a temperature range in which the catalyst is activated, wherein the controller changes a condition for entry into the fuel cut mode according to the temperature.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube includes carbon nanotubes, and an entanglement member which is combined with the carbon nanotubes and has a three-dimensional shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming graphene at a low temperature, to a method for direct transfer of graphene using same, and to a graphene sheet. The method for forming graphene at a low temperature comprises supplying a carbon-source-containing gas to a metal catalyst layer for graphene growth formed on a substrate, and forming graphene at a low temperature of 500° C. or less by means of inductively coupled plasma-chemical vapor deposition (ICP-CVD).

Abstract: An inorganic electroluminescence device including a first electrode and a second electrode disposed apart from each other, and a dielectric material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes. The dielectric material layer has a micro-tubular shape, and a light emitting layer is filled in the dielectric material layer.

Abstract: A thin film solar cell, includes: a first electrode; a light absorption layer including a first light absorption layer including a group I element-group III element-group VI element compound, a second light absorption layer including a group I element-group III element-group VI element compound, and a third light absorption layer including a group I element-group III element-group VI element compound; and a second electrode, wherein the first light absorption layer has a band gap, which is less a band gap of the second light absorption layer, the band gap of the second light absorption layer is less than a band gap of the third light absorption layer, and the second light absorption layer has a band gap gradient, which increases in a direction from the first light absorption layer to the third light absorption layer.

Abstract: An inorganic electroluminescence device including a first electrode and a second electrode disposed apart from each other, and a dielectric material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes. The dielectric material layer has a micro-tubular shape, and a light emitting layer is filled in the dielectric material layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a dispersion type inorganic electroluminescence device and a dispersion type inorganic electroluminescence device including a light-emitting layer and a dielectric layer, which are integrated, are disclosed. The method is directed to the manufacture of a dispersion type inorganic electroluminescence device, in which phosphor particles are coated with a metal oxide precursor using ultrasonic waves, after which the phosphor particles coated with the metal oxide precursor are disposed between a transparent electrode and an upper electrode, forming a light-emitting layer and a dielectric layer, which are integrated. The dispersion type inorganic electroluminescence device includes a plurality of phosphor particles coated with a metal oxide precursor, disposed between a transparent electrode and an upper electrode, thereby providing a light-emitting layer and a dielectric layer, which are integrated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for a making cathode substrate for a flat panel display device including coating a cathode electrode composition on a substrate to produce a cathode electrode, coating a conductive composition including a Si-included material on the cathode electrode to prepare a conductive layer on the cathode electrode and applying an electron emission composition including a material such as carbon nano tube on the conductive layer.

Abstract: A field emitter device including carbon nanotubes each of which has a protective membrane is provided. The protective membrane is formed of a nitride, a carbide, or an oxide. Suitable nitrides for the protective membrane include boron nitride, aluminum nitride, boron carbon nitride, and gallium nitride. The protective membrane protects the carbon nanotubes from damage due to arcing or an unnecessary remaining gas and thus improves field emission characteristics and stability of the field emitter device.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device. The method includes (a) sequentially stacking a first semiconductor layer, a mask layer, and a metal layer on a substrate; (b) anodizing the metal layer to change the metal layer into a metal oxide layer including a plurality of nanoholes; (c) etching the mask layer using the metal oxide layer as an etch mask until the nanoholes are extended to the surface of the first semiconductor layer; (d) removing the metal oxide layer; and (e) depositing a second semiconductor layer on the mask layer and the first semiconductor layer. The present invention reduces defect density and promotes a uniform defect distribution.

Abstract: A field emitter device including carbon nanotubes each of which has a protective membrane is provided. The protective membrane is formed of a nitride, a carbide, or an oxide. Suitable nitrides for the protective membrane include boron nitride, aluminum nitride, boron carbon nitride, and gallium nitride. The protective membrane protects the carbon nanotubes from damage due to arcing or an unnecessary remaining gas and thus improves field emission characteristics and stability of the field emitter device.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for judging the deterioration state of a catalyst device and an oxygen content sensing device are disclosed, in which virtual signals are generated to accurately determine the deterioration state of the catalyst device and the oxygen content sensing device by utilizing theoretical oxygen content sensing signals which are calculated in accordance with the operation state of automobiles.