Abstract: A laser device for skin treatment includes: a laser generating unit including a diode laser for generating a pulse capable of being varied to a pulse width of 100 picoseconds (ps) to 2000 ps by a dedicated driver having a rising time of 100 ps or less and a pulse width adjustment unit for adjusting a width of the pulse generated by the diode laser, the laser generating unit configured to generate a single or a plurality of pulses; and a laser amplifying unit including a pumping lamp and a single or a plurality of amplification mediums having a rod structure for absorbing light energy from the pumping lamp, wherein, in the laser amplifying unit, a pulse supplied from the laser generating unit passes through at least one of the single or a plurality of amplification mediums a plurality of times inward from the outside and is gradually amplified.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a functional cosmetic composition using broccoli exosomes as an active ingredient and a functional cosmetic product containing the same. The broccoli exosomes have a lipid bilayer structure and are well absorbed into skin cells, and the absorbed broccoli exosomes remove reactive oxygen within skin cells and stimulate anti-oxidant signaling mechanisms, so they show anti-oxidant efficacy, and promote hyaluronic acid synthesis, and thus, they can be useful for preparation of functional cosmetics for skin aging prevention, skin whitening, wrinkle improvement and skin cell regeneration.

Abstract: A connector assembly comprises a body and an elastic terminal position assurance (TPA) member. The body includes a plurality of contacts and defines a coupling groove exposing some of the plurality of contacts. The TPA member includes a hinge portion and a latch, and is adapted to indicate whether the plurality of contacts are sitting at designated positions. The hinge portion is hinged with respect to the body on one end of the TPA member. The latch is formed such that the other end of the TPA member engages with the coupling groove.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for creating a workflow, the method being performed by a computing device, and including obtaining a log file generated while a user performs a task, parsing each of a plurality of events recorded in the log file, and creating an activity sequence to correspond to an order of the events, grouping a plurality of partial sequences extracted from the activity sequence, and creating a plurality of activity groups to correspond to each of a plurality of different repetitive tasks included in the task and creating the workflow of at least one activity group among the plurality of activity groups.

Abstract: Provided are an encoding device using predictive coding in a screen and a method thereof, and a decoding device and a method thereof. The encoding device is capable of generating a prediction block of a current block according to one of methods for generating a plurality of predetermined prediction blocks, and outputting at least one of encoding information and differential blocks as bitstream by entropy encoding according to whether differential blocks are encoded or not.

Abstract: Provided are an image encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameters.

Abstract: Provided are an image encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameters.

Abstract: An inter prediction method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: selecting candidate units from among reconstructed neighbor units; creating a candidate unit set with respect to units to be decoded, using the selected candidate units; determining a reference unit from among the candidate units which constitute the created candidate unit set; and performing inter prediction on the units to be decoded, using the determined reference unit. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic-inorganic hybrid polyolefin composite and a preparation method of the same.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing hexagonal tungsten oxide, the method including preparing an alkaline solvent having a pH of 8 to 9, which contains at least one of water or alcohol, adding tungsten chloride to the alkaline solvent to form a first reaction solution, adding an additive to the first reaction solution to form a second reaction solution, and adding strong acid to the second reaction solution to form nanoparticles. The additive includes any one of an amine compound having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aliphatic hydrocarbon derivative having 10 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a motor control apparatus capable of checking whether there is an abnormality in connections of a plurality of motors, and switching connection schemes between an inverter and the motors or driving the motor in an electronic apparatus including one inverter configured to control a driving operation of the plurality of motors. For example, the motor control apparatus includes an inverter configured to convert DC power into AC power and provide the AC power to one of a plurality of motors, a switch configured to switch connection schemes between the inverter and the plurality of motors, and a controller, and the controller may control the inverter to output an input signal of a predetermined pattern in response to the switching of the connection schemes by the switch, and generate a control signal for controlling the inverter or the switch on the basis of a response signal corresponding to the input signal. Other example embodiments may be provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, first and second supporter patterns spaced vertically from the substrate, the second supporter pattern being spaced vertically from the first supporter pattern, a lower electrode hole extending vertically on the substrate, a lower electrode inside the lower electrode hole, contacting a sidewall of the first and second supporter patterns, the lower electrode including a first layer along a portion of a sidewall and bottom surface of the lower electrode hole, a second layer between the first layers, and a third layer on an upper surface of the first and second layers, the first and second layers including a material different from the second layer, and a sidewall of at least a portion of the third layer being concave toward the third layer, overlapping the second layer in the vertical direction, and being spaced apart from the second layer in the vertical direction.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer including an emission layer, wherein the organic layer includes a first compound represented by Formula 1 and a second compound represented by Formula 501. The organic light-emitting device including the first compound and the second compound may have low driving voltage, high efficiency, and high luminance.

Abstract: A 3D semiconductor memory device includes a first through-structure on a substrate, the first through-structure comprising first and second conductive pillars spaced apart from each other in a first direction, an electrode adjacent to the first through-structure, the electrode horizontally extending in the first direction, and a ferroelectric layer and a channel layer between the electrode and the first and second conductive pillars. The channel layer connects the first and second conductive pillars to each other. The ferroelectric layer is disposed between the electrode and the channel layer. The ferroelectric layer extends from a sidewall of the first conductive pillar to a sidewall of the second conductive pillar along the channel layer when viewed in a plan view.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials and organic electroluminescent devices comprising the same. The present disclosure may provide a plurality of host materials having a composition favorable to thermal denaturation due to a low deposition temperature, while improving hole properties and electronic properties of HOMO and LUMO, by comprising separate compounds represented by formulas 1 and 2 into a light-emitting layer. By comprising the plurality of host materials of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having a lower driving voltage, higher luminous efficiency and/or longer lifetime.

Abstract: The substrate processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a hot plate for heating a substrate; and a cooling unit for cooling the hot plate; wherein the cooling unit includes a support plate having a space formed between the support plate and the hot plate, and a plurality of nozzles installed on the support plate and for supplying cooling gas to a bottom surface of the hot plate, wherein an outdoor air inlet passage provided in a through structure is provide in the support plate, wherein a portion of the outdoor air inlet passage forms a first region, through which a cable passes, and the remaining portion forms a second region, through which the cable does not pass and outdoor air introduces.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a via hole, a first electrode, a second electrode and a first protecting insulation layer. The via hole may be formed to penetrate a substrate. The first electrode may include an electrode segment formed on a surface of the via hole. The second electrode may be formed on the first electrode along the surface of the via hole. The second electrode may include two ends that are positioned below a surface of the substrate. The first protecting insulation layer may be formed on the second electrode along the surface of the via hole. The first protecting insulation layer may include both ends that upwardly protrude from the both ends of the second electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a via hole, a first electrode, a second electrode and a first protecting insulation layer. The via hole may be formed to penetrate a substrate. The first electrode may include an electrode segment formed on a surface of the via hole. The second electrode may be formed on the first electrode along the surface of the via hole. The second electrode may include two ends that are positioned below a surface of the substrate. The first protecting insulation layer may be formed on the second electrode along the surface of the via hole. The first protecting insulation layer may include both ends that upwardly protrude from the both ends of the second electrode.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating method. The substrate treating method includes supplying a dissolving solution onto a rotating substrate; and supplying, after the supplying a dissolution solution, a treating liquid including a polymer onto the rotating substrate to form a liquid film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image by skip encoding. The image-encoding method by skip encoding, which performs intra-prediction, comprises: performing a filtering operation on the signal which is reconstructed prior to an encoding object signal in an encoding object image; using the filtered reconstructed signal to generate a prediction signal for the encoding object signal; setting the generated prediction signal as a reconstruction signal for the encoding object signal; and not encoding the residual signal which can be generated on the basis of the difference between the encoding object signal and the prediction signal, thereby performing skip encoding on the encoding object signal.