Abstract: An integrated circuit memory device can include a memory cell array having a plurality of memory cells, and a bit line sense amplifier configured to amplify data on a pair of bit lines from a memory cell of the memory cell array and to provide the amplified data on a data line and a complementary data line. An active load circuit includes a first load device electrically connected between the data line and a voltage source wherein an electrical resistance of the first load device is varied responsive to a voltage level of the data line. The active load circuit also includes a second load device electrically connected between the complementary data line and the voltage source wherein an electrical resistance of the second load device is varied responsive to a voltage level of the complementary data line. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: Bit line sense amplifier driving control circuits and methods for synchronous DRAMs selectively supply and suspend supply of operating voltages for bit line sense amplifiers. More specifically, a synchronous DRAM includes a memory cell array including at least a first column block and a second column block that are divided according to column address, first bit line sense amplifiers that are configured to sense data that is output from the first column block of the memory cell array, and second bit line sense amplifiers that are configured to sense data that is output from the second column block of the memory cell array. A bit line sense amplifier driving control circuit or method is responsive to a row address select signal, to supply an operating voltage to the first and second bit line sense amplifiers, and is responsive to a column select signal that selects a column address in the first column block, to suspend supplying an operating voltage to the second bit line sense amplifiers.

Abstract: A reception line break detection apparatus includes a transmission-side line drive, a reception line, a switching element, and a reception-side line receiver receiving signals transmitted from the transmission-side line drive through the reception line. The apparatus further includes a break detection unit detecting a break of the reception line using the switching element, where the switching element is switched according to a line voltage of lead-in wires branched off from the reception line. Accordingly, the apparatus includes fewer components than conventional apparatuses and fewer power sources are required.

Abstract: A method and computer program product is described for optimizing the design of a circuit layout that assigns binary properties to the design elements according to a hierarchy of rules. For example, the design of an alternating phase shifted mask (altPSM) is optimized first according to rules that assign phase shapes that maximize image quality for critical circuit elements, and then further optimized to minimize mask manufacturability problems without significantly increasing the complexity of the design process flow. Further optimization of the design according to additional rules can be performed in a sequentially decreasing priority order. As the priority of rules decrease, some violation of lower priority rules may be acceptable, as long as higher priority rules are not violated.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device and a parallel bit test method thereof comprises a memory cell array having a plurality of memory cells, an address generator for accessing memory cells of the memory cell array in response to externally applied addresses; a test mode setting register for storing an externally applied test mode setting command; a test pattern data register for storing test pattern data applied from the test mode setting register and for outputting test pattern data at the time of performing a read command; and a comparator for comparing data read from the memory cells of the memory cell array with data of corresponding bits of test pattern data output from the test pattern data register and for generating test result data. Accordingly, the device is adapted for correctly detecting and distinguishing defective memory cells, and is amenable to performing bit tests using various non-uniform test pattern data.

Abstract: A rotation-type decoupled MEMS gyroscope including a drive body movable about the X-axis, a sensing body movable about the Z-axis, a medium body moving together with the drive body about the X-axis and the sensing body about the Z-axis. The drive body is fixed on a substrate by a first torsion spring torsion-deformed about the X-axis, and the medium body is connected to the drive body by a first bending spring bending-deformed about the Z-axis. The sensing body is connected to the medium body by a second torsion spring torsion-deformed about the X-axis and fixed to the substrate by a second bending spring bending-deformed about the Z-axis. If angular velocity is applied relative to the Y-axis while the drive body vibrates in a certain range about the X-axis by a driving electrode, the sensing body rotates about the Z-axis by the Coriolis force and a sensing electrode senses the rotation.

Abstract: A method and computer program product is described for optimizing the design of a circuit layout that assigns binary properties to the design elements according to a hierarchy of rules. For example, the design of an alternating phase shifted mask (altPSM) is optimized first according to rules that assign phase shapes that maximize image quality for critical circuit elements, and then further optimized to minimize mask manufacturability problems without significantly increasing the complexity of the design process flow. Further optimization of the design according to additional rules can be performed in a sequentially decreasing priority order. As the priority of rules decrease, some violation of lower priority rules may be acceptable, as long as higher priority rules are not violated.

Abstract: A reception line break detection apparatus includes a transmission-side line drive, a reception line, a switching element, and a reception-side line receiver receiving signals transmitted from the transmission-side line drive through the reception line. The apparatus further includes a break detection unit detecting a break of the reception line using the switching element, where the switching element is switched according to a line voltage of lead-in wires branched off from the reception line. Accordingly, the apparatus includes fewer components than conventional apparatuses and fewer power sources are required.

Abstract: X type MEMS gyroscope has a first mass vertically vibrating on a substrate and a second mass horizontally vibrating on the substrate. A driving electrode is disposed on the same surface with the first mass. When the first mass vertically vibrates, the second mass vibrates vertically together with the first mass. When angular velocity that is at a right angle to a movement direction of the first mass and the second mass is applied while the first mass is vertically vibrating, the second mass moves as Coriolis force is added to the second mass in a horizontal direction, and a sensing electrode measures displacement of the second mass in the horizontal direction. All moving electrodes and stationary electrodes are disposed on the same surface, and all elements are manufactured by using one mask. Therefore, adhesion between the moving and stationary electrodes is prevented and the manufacturing process is simplified.

Abstract: A method and computer program product is described for optimizing the design of a circuit layout that assigns binary properties to the design elements according to a hierarchy of rules. For example, the design of an alternating phase shifted mask (altPSM) is optimized first according to rules that assign phase shapes that maximize image quality for critical circuit elements, and then further optimized to minimize mask manufacturability problems without significantly increasing the complexity of the design process flow. Further optimization of the design according to additional rules can be performed in a sequentially decreasing priority order. As the priority of rules decrease, some violation of lower priority rules may be acceptable, as long as higher priority rules are not violated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable casing for a soap bar which has a structure such as a lipstick container so that it receives a soap bar in such a fashion that the soap bar is normally in a retracted state within the casing while being extended from the casing by a desired length only when it is desired to be used, in order to allow the user to lather his desired body portion, thereby being convenient to use, carry, and store the soap bar. The portable soap bar casing includes a cylindrical casing body having a threaded hole, and a carrier member adapted to carry a soap bar and directly coupled to the threaded hole of the cylindrical casing body so as to directly receive a force from the cylindrical casing body for vertically moving the soap bar.

Abstract: A linear actuator capable of inducing a linear motion as well as a rotational motion using only two rotors is provided. The linear actuator includes: first and second rotors connected to respective driving force sources; a linear motion unit formed on the first rotor to be linearly movable; and a driving power transmission unit which is fixed to the second rotor and engages the linear motion unit. A linear motion on a rotor can be easily induced using a relative angular velocity difference between two rotors without an additional driving power source for the linear motion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an weak acidic soap bar which can represent a pearly appearance, a noble color quality and a high luster which is prepared by mixing a soap base composition comprising amino acid derivatives having a melting point of below 100° C. and a coated micaceous powder, and molding the mixture. The soap bar according to the present invention is excellent in aspects of soap quality, color sense and appearance by mixing specific amino acid derivatives base and a coated micaceous powder, dissolving, and molding the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant expression vector containing a fusion gene which is prepared by ligating adhesion gene of H. pylori and A2 and B subunit genes of Vibrio cholerae toxin, and a process for preparing a chimeric protein employing a recombinant microorganism transformed with the said expression vector. The recombinant DNA which is designed for convenient expression and gene manipulation, may express a chimeric protein having excellent immunogenicity to H. pylori, which is stable in stomach, and penetrate mucous membrane of stomach easily, finally to stimulate production of sIgA. Accordingly, the chimeric protein expressed from the recombinant DNA may be used as an active ingredient of the diagnostic kit for H. pylori infection and preventive or therapeutic vaccine for H. pylori-associated diseases, and may be used in the production of anti-H. pylori antibody.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable casing for a soap bar, which makes it easy and convenient to carry and store the soap bar, and prevents the soap bar from being broken by an external impact, thereby prolongs the life of the soap bar. The portable casing has an outer cylinder rotatably inserted in a casing body. An intermediate cylinder is fixedly inserted in the outer cylinder. At least one spiral groove is formed on an inner surface of the intermediate cylinder. An inner cylinder is fixedly inserted in the intermediate cylinder. At least one guiding groove is formed through a cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder. A carrier ring is inserted in the inner cylinder At least one guiding protuberance is formed at an outer cylindrical surface of the carrier ring. The guiding protuberance is inserted through the guiding groove in the spiral grooves. The soap bar is fitted in the carrier ring, so that the soap bar can be ascended and descended when one of the casing body and the outer cylinder is rotated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chimeric proteins consisting of antigenic proteins of Helicobacter pylori and A2 and B subunits of Vibrio cholerae toxin, more specifically, to recombinant DNAs coding for antigenic proteins Helicobacter pylori and A2 and B subunits of Vibrio cholerae toxin, recombinant expression vectors containing the genes, a process for preparing the chimeric proteins employing the recombinant microorganisms transformed with the said expression vectors, and preventive and therapeutic vaccines comprising the chimeric proteins for Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases. The recombinant DNAs which are designed for convenient expression and gene manipulation, can express chimeric proteins having excellent immunogenicity to H. pylori, which are stable in stomach, and penetrate mucous membrane of intestines easily, finally to stimulate production of sIgA. Accordingly, the chimeric proteins expressed from the recombinant DNAs may be used as an active ingredient of the diagnostic kit for H.

Abstract: A drink instrument in the form of a beverage container has a prepackaged internal straw inserted into the interior thereof during a package process. The internal straw is automatically drawn from the interior of the container when the top is opened to access the drinking fluid therein.

Abstract: The method for selecting hierarchical interaction in a hierarchical shapes processor increases the operator's access and control over the handling of the design's hierarchical structure. The shapes of each cell are considered in accordance with a specified hierarchical relationship having constraints defined by the chosen mode of shape processing. The hierarchical relationships provide additional shape processing modes depending on the operator's physical design requirements.

Abstract: According to the preferred embodiment, a method is provided for automatically coloring VLSI design elements for the purpose of assigning binary properties to the elements. The preferred method is particularly applicable for use generating phase shift mask designs from VLSI CAD datasets. The preferred method uses net coloring to automatically generate a data set of colored elements. The preferred method is not dependent on the order in which the elements are operated upon. The preferred method has the additional advantage of being able to automatically detect conflicts that prevent the VLSI design from being optimally colored. The preferred method is equally applicable to hierarchical VLSI databases with nested components and traditional flat databases. When applied the hierarchical databases, the preferred method provides element coloring with minimal data flattening required.

Abstract: A process for creating and verifying a design of phase-shifted masks utilizing at least one phase shift region employing a computer-aided design system. A chip design is provided. A phase-shift mask design capable of producing the chip design is created. Features in a design of the phase-shifted mask that require phase shifting are located. Uncolored phase regions are created on opposite sides of the features. Proper phase termination of the phase regions is ensured based upon space constraints of a phase-shifted mask technique utilized. Phases are determined for the phase regions. Whether coloring errors and un-phase-shiftable design features exist is determined. Mask process specific overlaps and expansions are applied to the mask design to prepare designed data levels for mask manufacture. A residual phase edge image removal design is derived.