Abstract: A semiconductor memory device is provided. A memory cell array has a plurality of memory cells connected between a plurality of word lines and a plurality of bit-line pairs. A sense amplifier unit has a plurality of sense amplifiers connected with the bit-line pairs respectively and amplifies data of the bit-line pairs to a sensing voltage level. A command decoder decodes a command applied from the outside and outputs the decoded command. A plurality of input/output (I/O) gates electrically connects the bit-line pairs with corresponding I/O line pairs in response to a voltage level applied through a plurality of corresponding column selection lines. A column decoder decodes a column address and drives at least one of the column selection lines to a plurality of different voltages levels.

Abstract: An induction heating type fusing device and an image forming apparatus including the fusing device. The fusing device includes a magnetic flux generator and a compressing roller outside a fusing belt, first and second fusing rollers and a nip guide inside the fusing belt. The compressing roller compresses against the first and second fusing rollers and the nip guide to form nips, while the fusing belt is disposed between the compressing roller and the first and second fusing rollers and the nip guide.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a heating roller that generates heat for melting toner attached to a printing medium; a first induction coil that is disposed outside the heating roller and heats the heating roller by using induced current generated according to current flowing through the first induction coil; two second induction coils that are disposed at upper portions of both ends of the first induction coil and heat the heating roller by using induced current generated according to current flowing through the two second induction coils; a power supply unit that supplies current to the first induction coil and the two second induction coils; and a control unit that controls the power supply unit to supply current flowing in the same direction or different directions to the first induction coil and the second induction coils according to the size of paper fed into the heating roller.

Abstract: A system for treatment of ballast water used in a ship includes a filtering unit which filters the ballast water taken into a ship; an ultraviolet treatment unit for sterilizing the ballast water filtered by the filtering unit by using ultraviolet rays; and a control unit for controlling the filtering unit and the ultraviolet treatment unit. The filtering unit includes a body having an inlet and an outlet, a filter for filtering the ballast water flowing along the inside of the body, an automatic washing unit for washing off foreign substances from the filter, and a pressure sensor for measuring pressures at the inlet and the outlet. The ultraviolet treatment unit includes a body having an inlet and an outlet, an ultraviolet lamp for irradiating ultraviolet rays to the ballast water flowing along the inside of the body, a sleeve washing unit, an ultraviolet intensity meter, and a temperature sensor.

Abstract: Provided are a novel compound with a spiro chiral carbon backbone, a stereoisomer thereof, an enantiomer thereof, an in vivo hydrolysable precursor thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The novel compound with the spiro chiral carbon backbone has excellent osteoblast differentiation activity, mast cell inhibitory activity, and fatty acid synthesis inhibitory activity in the liver. Therefore, the novel compound can be expected to play an innovative role in treatment of osteoporosis, fatty liver, and obesity.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device includes a frame, an actuator formed on the same layer as the frame and connected to the frame to be capable of performing a relative motion with respect to the frame, and at least one stopper restricting a displacement of the actuator in a direction along the height of the actuator. The MEMS device is fabricated by bonding a second substrate to a first substrate, forming the frame and the actuator by partially removing the first substrate, and forming the at least one stopper by partially removing the second substrate.

Abstract: A bitline precharge voltage generator comprises a leakage trimming unit and a bitline precharge voltage providing unit. The leakage trimming unit applies a leakage current to an output node to place a bitline precharge voltage at an edge of a dead zone. The bitline precharge voltage providing unit provides the bitline precharge voltage to the output node, and sets the bitline precharge voltage to a target level. The bitline precharge voltage generator generates the bitline precharge voltage having a distribution including the dead zone.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a ballast water treatment device. The device includes a filtering unit filtering ballast water introduced into a ship using a filter, a vortex generating unit generating an artificial vortex in the ballast water filtered by the filtering unit, and an ultraviolet treatment unit having an ultraviolet lamp which sterilizes the ballast water discharged from the vortex generating unit using ultraviolet rays, thus preventing secondary contamination resulting from by-products, preventing a ballast tank from becoming contaminated, affording effective maintenance, and making it convenient to control. Further, an artificial vortex is formed in the ballast water when it is mixed, thus allowing a large quantity of ultraviolet rays to be radiated onto the ballast water passing through the ultraviolet treatment unit, therefore improving a sterilization effect.

Abstract: A heating roller including a resistive heating layer and a fusing device including the heating roller. By separately disposing a plurality of electrodes in an axis direction of the heating roller, and by independently controlling each electrode, the heating roller may correspond to various papers having different sizes. Accordingly, the temperature of the heating roller may be stably controlled.

Abstract: A method and semiconductor memory device for precharging a local input/output line. The semiconductor memory device, which may have an open bit line structure, transmits data through local input/output lines that are coupled to bit lines of first to n-th memory cell array blocks (n being a natural number). The semiconductor memory device may include a precharge unit configured to generate a plurality of precharge signals and a controller configured to control precharging of the at least one local input/output line responsive to block information corresponding to activation of at least one of the memory cell array blocks and responsive to at least one of the precharge signals.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a flat light source and a manufacturing method thereof. The flat light source includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a first electrode, a first insulation layer, a first fluorescent layer that are in series disposed on the first substrate, and a second electrode, a second insulation layer, a second fluorescent layer that are in series disposed on the second substrate, and a gas discharge channel. The first electrode includes a conductive layer and a plurality of conical electrodes. Each conical electrode protrudes from the conductive layer and electrically connects to the conductive layer. The gas discharge channel is disposed between the first fluorescent layer and the second fluorescent layer where at least a discharge gas is filled in.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device includes a frame, an actuator formed on the same layer as the frame and connected to the frame to be capable of performing a relative motion with respect to the frame, and at least one stopper restricting a displacement of the actuator in a direction along the height of the actuator. The MEMS device is fabricated by bonding a second substrate to a first substrate, forming the frame and the actuator by partially removing the first substrate, and forming the at least one stopper by partially removing the second substrate.

Abstract: A linear vibrator are disclosed, wherein the linear vibrator includes a housing having a bracket and a case coupled to the bracket to form a receiving space, a spring coupled to an inner face of the case, a vibration unit having a magnet, the magnet being coupled to the spring, a coil, which has a hollow-can shape, disposed over the bracket for vibrating the vibration unit by using a magnetic field generated from the magnet and a magnet field generated from the coil, and a substrate electrically connected to the coil and the substrate interposed between the coil and the bracket, the substrate having an air venting portion being communicated with an inner space of the coil and outside of the coil.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device includes a frame, an actuator formed on the same layer as the frame and connected to the frame to be capable of performing a relative motion with respect to the frame, and at least one stopper restricting a displacement of the actuator in a direction along the height of the actuator. The MEMS device is fabricated by bonding a second substrate to a first substrate, forming the frame and the actuator by partially removing the first substrate, and forming the at least one stopper by partially removing the second substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device is provided. A memory cell array has a plurality of memory cells connected between a plurality of word lines and a plurality of bit-line pairs. A sense amplifier unit has a plurality of sense amplifiers connected with the bit-line pairs respectively and amplifies data of the bit-line pairs to a sensing voltage level. A command decoder decodes a command applied from the outside and outputs the decoded command. A plurality of input/output (I/O) gates electrically connects the bit-line pairs with corresponding I/O line pairs in response to a voltage level applied through a plurality of corresponding column selection lines. A column decoder decodes a column address and drives at least one of the column selection lines to a plurality of different voltages levels.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fully passive decay heat removal system utilizing a partially immersed heat exchanger, the system comprising: a hot pool; an intermediate heat exchanger which heat-exchanges with the sodium of the hot pool; a cold pool; a support barrel extending vertically through the boundary between the hot pool and the cold pool; a sodium-sodium decay heat exchanger received in the support barrel; a sodium-air heat exchanger provided at a position higher than the sodium-sodium decay heat exchanger; an intermediate sodium loop connecting the sodium-sodium decay heat exchanger with the sodium-air heat exchanger; and a primary pump, wherein a portion of the effective heat transfer tube of the sodium-sodium decay heat exchanger is immersed in the cold pool, particularly in a normal operating state, and the surface of the lower end of a shroud for the sodium-sodium decay heat exchanger, the lower end being immersed in the sodium of the cold pool, has perforated holes.

Abstract: A chip-less RFID system, using metamaterial, may include a tag and a reader. The tag may include the metamaterial. The metamaterial may have at least two resonance frequencies. The reader may change a frequency of a first electromagnetic wave to be transmitted to the tag. The reader may recognize an identification (ID) of the tag by receiving a second electromagnetic wave from the tag that corresponds to the first electromagnetic wave. An identification method of chip-less RFID systems, using metamaterial, may include creating a tag that includes the metamaterial, the metamaterial having different resonance frequencies, changing a frequency of a first electromagnetic wave to be transmitted to the tag by a reader, and analyzing a frequency spectrum of a second electromagnetic wave from the tag that corresponds to the first electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: A 2-axis driving electromagnetic scanner, having a structure in which a mirror is separated from a driving unit and directly driven, is provided. The electromagnetic scanner includes: an outer driving unit which is capable of rotating around a first axis; an inner driving unit which is suspended from the outer driving unit so as to rotate around a second axis perpendicular to the first axis; and a stage which is located on an upper surface of the inner driving unit so as to rotate together with the inner driving unit. In the electromagnetic scanner, the stage is connected to the inner driving unit by a link unit protruding from a center of a lower surface of the stage.

Abstract: Disclosed are an image forming apparatus capable of, and method of, improving color registration. The image forming apparatus can employ a beam deflector having a double-sided mirror portion that pivots to bi-directionally scan multiple light beams on multiple photosensitive media at different phases by using both mirror sides of the double-sided mirror portion. The individual monochromic images developed on the photosensitive media are transferred onto a transfer medium to overlap one another in phase to form a full color image.

Abstract: A method of designing an alternating phase shifting mask for projecting an image of an integrated circuit design. Phase units are binary colorable within each unit of the hierarchical circuit design, e.g., cell, an array, a net, or array of nets and/or cells, the phase shapes. The assignment of phases or colors within a hierarchical unit will be correctly binary colored to satisfy the lithographic, manufacturability and other design rules, referred to collectively as coloring rules. During assembly with other units, the coloring of phases in a hierarchical unit may change (e.g., be reversed or flipped), but the correct binary colorability of a hierarchical unit is preserved, which simplifies assembly of the integrated circuit layout.