Abstract: A chemical-mechanical polishing system has a first polishing apparatus configured to perform a first chemical-mechanical polish on a workpiece and a second polishing apparatus configured to perform a second chemical-mechanical polish on the workpiece. A rework polishing apparatus comprising a rework platen and a rework CMP head is configured to perform an auxiliary chemical-mechanical polish on the workpiece when the workpiece is positioned on the rework platen. A measurement apparatus measures one or more parameters of the workpiece, and a transport apparatus transports the workpiece between the first polishing apparatus, second polishing apparatus, rework polishing apparatus, and measurement apparatus. A controller determines a selective transport of the workpiece to the rework polishing apparatus by the transport apparatus only when the one or more parameters are unsatisfactory.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a compound represented by Formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt which are effective as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and a method of using the compound: wherein X is independently halo, alkyl, alkoxy or nitro; m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; n is 1 or 2; R1 and R2 are independently H— or alkyl; R3 is H—, alkyl or aralkyl; and R4 is H— or aryl.

Abstract: A method of using a polishing system includes securing a wafer to a support, wherein the wafer has a first diameter. The method further includes polishing the wafer using a first polishing pad rotating about a first axis, wherein the first polishing pad has a second diameter greater than the first diameter. The method further includes rotating the support about a second axis perpendicular to the first axis after polishing the wafer using the first polishing pad. The method further includes polishing the wafer using a second polishing pad after rotating the support, wherein the second polishing pad has a third diameter less than the first diameter. The method further includes releasing the wafer from the support following polishing the wafer using the second polishing pad.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an inner cabinet for a refrigerator formed of a ceramic material and a refrigerator including the same. One aspect of an inner cabinet for a refrigerator, the inner cabinet includes a ceramic material comprising at least one of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide as a main component, wherein the ceramic material has a ratio of an area occupied by pores per unit surface area in the range of 0.1 to 10%.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a memory cell array, pad groups, a first option pad, a second option pad and a data input multiplexer block configured to transmit data, input through all or part of the pad groups, to the memory cell array based on whether the first option pad and a ground are connected to each other, wherein the data input multiplexer block is configured to select first pad groups among the pad groups or second pad groups among the pad groups as the part of the pad groups based on whether the second option pad and the ground are connected to each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a compound represented by Formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt which are effective as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and a method of using the compound: wherein X is independently halo, alkyl, alkoxy or nitro; m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; n is 1 or 2; R1 and R2 are independently H— or alkyl; R3 is H—, alkyl or aralkyl; and R4 is H— or aryl.

Abstract: A polishing system includes a wafer support that holds a wafer, the wafer having a first diameter. The polishing system further includes a first polishing pad that polishes a first region of the wafer, the first polishing pad having a second diameter greater than the first diameter. The polishing system further includes an auxiliary polishing system comprising at least one second polishing pad that polishes a second region of the wafer, wherein the second polishing pad has a third diameter less than the first diameter, and the wafer support is configured to support the wafer during use of the first polishing pad and the auxiliary polishing system.

Abstract: Provided is an anode active material for a lithium (Li) secondary battery, the material including silicon (Si)-based alloy powder, a carbonized layer at least partially surrounding the Si-based alloy powder serving as cores, and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) extending outward from a surface of the Si-based alloy powder through the carbonized layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a compound represented by Formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt which are effective as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and a method of using the compound: wherein X is independently halo, alkyl, alkoxy or nitro; m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; n is 1 or 2; R1 and R2 are independently H— or alkyl; R3 is H—, alkyl or aralkyl; and R4 is H— or aryl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bicycle locking device and method, and includes a fastening part including an inner fastening member positioned on an inner surface of a bicycle hub, and an outer fastening member positioned on an outer surface of the hub and coupled to the inner fastening member; a driving part coupled to one side surface of the outer fastening part and including a motor and an outer case; and a locking part including a pin case, a pin positioned in the pin case, a pin case cover coupled to the upper end of the pin case, and a first spring coupled to the pin case cover and the pin to support the pin so that the pin is pitchable with respect to the pin case.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing target thickness and surface profile uniformity control of a multi-head chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process is disclosed. An exemplary method includes providing at least two wafers; determining a surface profile of each of the at least two wafers; determining an operation mode for a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process based on the surface profiles of the at least two wafers; determining a CMP polishing recipe for each of the at least two wafers based on the operation mode; and performing the CMP process on the at least two wafers based on the determined CMP polishing recipes.

Abstract: A wafer polishing system including a platen configured to rotate in a first direction, and a polishing head configured to hold a wafer, the polishing head configured to rotate in a second direction. The wafer polishing system further includes an optical sensing system configured to detect a thickness of the wafer at a first location on the platen and a second location on the platen. A first distance from a center of the platen to the first location is different than a second distance from the center of the platen to the second location.

Abstract: An electrode for a lithium secondary battery including a silicon-based alloy having an expansion coefficient of 10% or greater and an electrochemically inactive whisker, and a lithium secondary battery using the electrode for a lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power saving safety helmet capable of wireless communication, and a wireless transmission and reception method therefor, and the power saving safety helmet capable of wireless communication comprises: a voice input unit for receiving a voice input from a user; a sensor unit sensing whether an accident involving the user has occurred so as to generate an accident sensing signal; a wireless communication unit for intermittently transmitting and receiving, by using frequency channels different from each other, a voice signal and an emergency signal generated by the voice and the accident sensing signal or transmitted from the outside; a sound output unit for outputting a voice and a beep sound corresponding to the voice signal and the emergency signal transmitted from the outside; and a control unit for controlling the beep sound so as to be outputted at output time intervals which are set to be different according to the reception strength of the received emergency signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an inner cabinet for a refrigerator formed of a ceramic material and a refrigerator including the same. One aspect of an inner cabinet for a refrigerator, the inner cabinet includes a ceramic material comprising at least one of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide as a main component, wherein the ceramic material has a ratio of an area occupied by pores per unit surface area in the range of 0.1 to 10%.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, a display apparatus includes a memory, implemented as part of the display apparatus and configured to store a plurality of reference motion information associated with a plurality of services and service information regarding the plurality of services; a reader, implemented as part of the display apparatus and configured to read motion information, received from a mobile end device, regarding a motion that was enacted upon the mobile end device; a service selector, implemented as part of the display apparatus and configured to compare the read motion information with the stored plurality of reference motion information to select a service from among the stored plurality of services; and a stationary display, implemented as part of the display apparatus that is physically separated from the mobile end device, configured to display an expression of the selected service.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing low molecular weight amorphous polypropylene. In contrast to the prior art in which amorphous polypropylene is prepared by injecting an internal donor and an external donor upon preparing a primary catalyst, the present invention enables easier preparation of low molecular weight amorphous polypropylene and a copolymer thereof by simply mixing a primary catalyst with an alkylaluminum-based co-catalyst without injecting an internal donor, upon preparing a primary catalyst, and an external donor, upon polymerization. According to the present invention, the primary catalyst has superior reactivity with hydrogen, as chain transfer agent, allowing for preparation of low molecular weight amorphous polypropylene even under low hydrogen pressures and low-pressure driving conditions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a compound represented by Formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt which are effective as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and a method of using the compound: wherein X is independently halo, alkyl, alkoxy or nitro; m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; n is 1 or 2; R1 and R2 are independently H— or alkyl; R3 is H—, alkyl or aralkyl; and R4 is H— or aryl.

Abstract: An apparatus for purifying an organic compound and a method of purifying an organic compound, the apparatus including an inner tube that receives a purification target material therein; a heater that heats the purification target material received in the inner tube; an evacuator that evacuates the inner tube into a vacuum; and a driving device that drives the inner tube.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a compound represented by Formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt which are effective as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and a method of using the compound: wherein X is independently halo, alkyl, alkoxy or nitro; m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; n is 1 or 2; R1 and R2 are independently H— or alkyl; R3 is H—, alkyl or aralkyl; and R4 is H— or aryl.