Abstract: An audio signal encoding/decoding method and an apparatus for performing the same are disclosed. The audio signal encoding method includes obtaining a full-band input signal, extracting a first feature vector corresponding to a first sub-band signal and a second feature vector corresponding to a second sub-band signal using an encoder neural network including a plurality of encoding layers, generating a first code vector corresponding to the first feature vector and a second code vector corresponding to the second feature vector by compressing the first feature vector and the second feature vector, and generating a bitstream by quantizing the first code vector and the second code vector.

Abstract: A hot stamping component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a steel sheet, a plating layer located on the steel sheet and including Zn, and a surface layer located on the plating layer, wherein the surface layer includes a post-treatment layer including an Si-based inorganic post-treatment agent, a Zn oxide layer located on a same layer as the post-treatment layer on the plating layer, and an inter-diffusion layer located between the plating layer and at least one of the post-treatment layer and the Zn oxide layer to overlap at least one of the post-treatment layer and the Zn oxide layer, the inter-diffusion layer including at least one of Si, Mn, O, Fe, Zn, and SiO, wherein a tensile strength of the steel sheet is 1680 MPa or more.

Abstract: A computing method and device with data sharing are provided. The method includes loading, by a loader, input data of an input feature map stored in a memory in loading units according to a loading order, storing, by a buffer controller, the loaded input data in a reuse buffer of an address rotationally allocated according to the loading order, and transmitting, by each of a plurality of senders, to an executer respective input data corresponding to each output data of respective convolution operations among the input data stored in the reuse buffer, wherein portions of the transmitted respective input data overlap other.

Abstract: A decoration element is described. The decoration element includes a light reflective layer; a light absorbing layer provided on the light reflective layer; and a color developing layer comprising a color film, wherein the color developing layer is provided: on a surface of the light reflective layer opposite to a surface of the light reflective layer facing the light absorbing layer; between the light reflective layer and the light absorbing layer; or on a surface of the light absorbing layer opposite to a surface of the light absorbing layer facing the light reflective layer.

Abstract: Provided is a retroreflective structure and a light-emitting safety band using same. The retroreflective structure comprises: a switch unit for supplying power, a light source being connected to the switch unit; and a light-emitting unit coupled to the switch unit. The switch unit comprises: a middle plate case having a light transfer body insertion hole formed thereon; an upper plate case coupled to the upper portion of the middle plate case; and a PCB inserted into the middle plate case and the upper plate case. The light-emitting unit comprises: a lower retroreflective film; and a light transfer body installed to be forced against the upper portion of the retroreflective film. The light source is inserted into and installed in a light source insertion groove on an end of the light transfer body having a case engaging unit installed to engage with the light transfer body insertion hole.

Abstract: Provided is an encoding apparatus including a memory configured to store instructions and a processor electrically connected to the memory and configured to execute the instructions, wherein the processor may be configured to perform a plurality of operations, when the instructions are executed by the processor, wherein the plurality of operations may include obtaining an input audio signal, generating an embedded audio signal by embedding signal components of a second frequency band of the input audio signal in a first frequency band of the input audio signal, generating additional information associated with the first frequency band and the second frequency band, generating an encoded audio signal by encoding the embedded audio signal, and formatting the encoded audio signal and the additional information into a bitstream.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing an electronic device using a cyclic doping process including i) an operation of forming a unit transfer thin film including a two-dimensional material on a transfer substrate, ii) an operation of doping the unit transfer thin film in a low-damage doping process, iii) an operation of transferring the unit transfer thin film doped according to the operation ii) on a transfer target substrate, and iv) an operation of repeatedly performing the operations i) to iii) several times to reach a target thickness.

Abstract: An operating method of a controller that controls a memory device, comprises: generating a data chunk including user data to be programmed in a page of the memory device and an internal parity generated by performing first ECC encoding on the user data, the internal parity being generated when a size of the user data is smaller than a size of a data area of the page, generating a page chunk including the data chunk, meta data of the user data and an external parity generated by performing second ECC encoding on the meta data and the data chunk, and controlling the memory device to program the page chunk into the page.

Abstract: A light emitting device for a display according to an exemplary embodiment includes a first LED stack, a second LED stack located under the first LED stack, and a third LED stack located under the second LED stack. The light emitting device further includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer, a first planarization layer, a second planarization layer, lower buried vias, and upper buried vias. The first planarization layer is recessed inwardly to expose an edge of the second LED stack.

Abstract: Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream.

Abstract: The present specification provides a method and apparatus capable of efficiently transmitting data related to test results made by a plurality of measuring instruments. The method of transmitting measurement result data according to the present specification may transmit identification information on a measuring instrument in which a positive reaction is detected to a server. As a result, data made by the plurality of measuring instruments may be transmitted with a small capacity, and thus communication resources can be saved.

Abstract: An encoding/decoding apparatus and method for controlling a channel signal is disclosed, wherein the encoding apparatus may include an encoder to encode an object signal, a channel signal, and rendering information for the channel signal, and a bit stream generator to generate, as a bit stream, the encoded object signal, the encoded channel signal, and the encoded rendering information for the channel signal.

Abstract: A neural processor. In some embodiments, the processor includes a first tile, a second tile, a memory, and a bus. The bus may be connected to the memory, the first tile, and the second tile. The first tile may include: a first weight register, a second weight register, an activations buffer, a first multiplier, and a second multiplier. The activations buffer may be configured to include: a first queue connected to the first multiplier and a second queue connected to the second multiplier. The first queue may include a first register and a second register adjacent to the first register, the first register being an output register of the first queue. The first tile may be configured: in a first state: to multiply, in the first multiplier, a first weight by an activation from the output register of the first queue, and in a second state: to multiply, in the first multiplier, the first weight by an activation from the second register of the first queue.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing a network switching service to a user equipment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound capable of lowering the flammability of a non-aqueous electrolyte when included in the non-aqueous electrolyte and improving the life properties of a battery by forming an electrode-electrolyte interface which is stable at high temperatures and low in resistance, and relates to a compound represented by Formula I descried herein, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution and a lithium secondary battery both including the compound, n, m, Ak, and X are described herein.

Abstract: The method includes forming a first dielectric layer on a substrate, forming a via in the first dielectric layer, sequentially forming a first metal pattern, a first metal oxide pattern, a second metal pattern, and an antireflective pattern on the first dielectric layer, and performing an annealing process to react the first metal oxide pattern and the second metal pattern with each other to form a second metal oxide pattern. The forming the second metal oxide pattern includes forming the second metal oxide pattern by a reaction between a metal element of the second metal pattern and an oxygen element of the first metal oxide pattern.

Abstract: A method may include loading a substrate into a substrate processing apparatus and performing a plasma treatment process on the substrate. The substrate processing apparatus includes a housing that defines a processing region, a power supply source on the housing and configured to generate plasma, a shower head in the housing and configured to supply the plasma to the processing region, an adapter between the power supply source and the shower head and separated from the shower head, a lid surrounding at least part of the adapter, and pads between the shower head and the lid. The shower head may include first fastening holes. The lid may be connected to the shower head through fastening portions respectively inserted into the first fastening holes. The pads may include polytetrafluoroethylene. At least a part of the pads may contact a bottom surface of the adapter.

Abstract: A display device prevents an increase in chip size and cost by calculating an APL value without a frame memory connected to a timing controller and includes a display panel, a timing controller configured to control an operation of the display panel, a memory configured to store image data of an image frame, and a processor configured to calculate an average picture level (APL) value using the image data stored in the memory, and transfer the calculated APL value to the timing controller.

Abstract: Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP).

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for a user equipment, a core network, and a second device to enable bidirectional communication for second devices. The method of the second device may include receiving internet protocol (IP) configuration information for automatically configuring an IP version 6 (IPv6) address of the second device from a core network through a user equipment; generating the IPv6 address using information in the IP configuration information; and transmitting the generated IPv6 address to the core network through the UE.