Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes: a substrate having a cell array area, which includes a first active region, and a peripheral circuit area, which includes a second active region; a direct contact connected to the first active region in the cell array area; a bit line structure connected to the direct contact in the cell array area; and a peripheral circuit gate structure on the second active region in the peripheral circuit area, wherein the peripheral circuit gate structure includes two doped semiconductor layers each being doped with a charge carrier impurity having different doping concentrations from each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mutant organism having the ability to produce aspartic acid derivatives, wherein a gene encoding the glyoxylate shunt regulator and a gene encoding fumarase are deleted and a gene encoding aspartase is overexpressed compared to that in a wild-type strain, and to a method for producing L-aspartic acid derivatives using the same. According to the present invention, various aspartic acid derivatives, including L-alanine, 3-aminopropionic acid, threonine, 1,3-diaminopropane, lysine, methionine, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, cadaverine, 5-aminovaleric acid, etc., can be produced by biological methods.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a ceramic body and first and second external electrodes on external surfaces of the ceramic body. The ceramic body includes first and second internal electrodes facing each other with dielectric layers interposed therebetween. The ceramic body includes an active portion in which capacitance is formed and cover portions on upper and lower surfaces of the active portion, respectively. The ratio of the thickness of the first and second external electrodes to the thickness of the cover portion is proportional to the inverse of the cube root of the ratio of the Young's Modulus of each of the first and second external electrodes to the Young's modulus of the cover portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sensor network, Machine Type Communication (MTC), Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication, and technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the above technologies, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method for operating an electronic device is provided. The method includes measuring a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of a plurality of signals received from a plurality of lighting devices, and displaying the plurality of lighting devices according to the RSSI of the plurality of signals.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for controlling combustor cans of a gas turbine. Detectors disposed on combustor cans are operable to detect combustion vibration values of the combustor cans. The combustion vibration value is compared to a reference value. Combustor cans having a combustion vibration value greater than a reference value are assigned to a first group, and combustor cans having a combustion vibration value not greater than the reference value are assigned to a second group. The output of each combustor can in the first group is regulated to lower the combustion vibration value, thereby improving the stability of the gas turbine.

Abstract: A counterbalancing linkage mechanism includes a base link including a first joint; a second link forming a second joint to be rotatably connected to the base link; and a counter balancer having one portion disposed at the second joint and another portion movably disposed at the base link along a length direction of the second link. The counter balancer compensates a gravitational torque generated due to a weight of the second link when the second link rotates on the second joint. A third link is connected to the second link. The counter balancer comprises a counter balancer delivery portion connected to the second link and rotating by the rotation of the second link. A counter balancer driving portion is in contact with the counter balancer delivery portion, linearly moves by the rotation of the counter balancer delivery portion, and compensates the gravitational torque and a load capacity due to interaction with the counter balancer delivery portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an artificially manipulated SC function-controlling factor for SC function control and/or the treatment or alleviation of a disease due to an SC function disorder, and to a use thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system capable of performing artificial SC function control and/or treating or alleviating a disease due to an SC function disorder, the system comprising: an artificially manipulated SC function-controlling factor for SC function control and/or the treatment or alleviation of a disease due to an SC function disorder; and/or a composition for treating or alleviating a disease due to an SC function disorder. In a specific aspect, the present invention relates to an SC function-controlling system by an SC function-controlling factor, such as artificially manipulated PMP22, and/or an expression product thereof.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a light emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; an electron injection layer between the second electrode and the light emission layer; and a buffer layer between the electron injection layer and the second electrode, where the electron injection layer includes a dipolar material and a first metal, and the buffer layer includes a metal having a work function of 4.0 eV or less.

Abstract: In order to display an image in a display device, in which a plurality of sub pixels within a unit pixel receives driving power from one driving power line, a driving voltage stability weak pattern is detected by analyzing image data. When the input image is determined as the driving voltage stability weak pattern, a white balance correction gain of each sub pixel is decreased while a ratio among the white balance correction gains of the sub pixels is maintained. Target luminance for displaying the input image is changed. A voltage level of the driving power is change in accordance with the changed target luminance.

Abstract: A method for registering a wireless device by a terminal in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes obtaining connection information for the wireless device by scanning a recognition code of the wireless device in a first mode, transitioning to a second mode based on the connection information and receiving a connection request from the wireless device, performing a connection operation to the wireless device to transmit network access information to the wireless device, and transitioning to the first mode, and registering the wireless device upon detecting connection of the wireless device to a network in the first mode.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes a ceramic body including a dielectric layer, and a first internal electrode and a second internal electrode facing each other with the dielectric layer interposed therebetween, and a first external electrode electrically connected to the first internal electrode, and a second external electrode electrically connected to the second internal electrode, disposed on an outer surface of the ceramic body. Each of the first and second external electrodes includes a first electrode layer including a conductive metal and a plating layer disposed on the first electrode layer. The first electrode layer extends beyond the plating layer on the ceramic body, and includes a first area covered by the plating layer, and a second area extending from the first area, and an insulating layer covers the second area.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a sensor network, machine type communication (MTC), machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, and technology for internet of things (IoT). A method of a server is provided. The method includes determining a target temperature range to be applied to a first zone; predicting an indoor temperature for each of a plurality of zones included in a second zone in which the first zone is included; predicting efficiency of at least one first outdoor unit connected to first indoor units installed at the second zone; and controlling operations of the first indoor units based on the target temperature range, the indoor temperature for each of the plurality of zones, and the efficiency of at least one first outdoor unit.

Abstract: Provided are a method of inspecting a surface and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device. The methods include preparing a substrate, selecting a spatial resolution of a first optical device by setting a magnification of an imaging optical system, emitting multi-wavelength light toward a first measurement area of the substrate and obtaining first wavelength-specific images, generating first spectrum data based on the first wavelength-specific images, generating first spectrum data of respective pixels based on the first wavelength-specific images, and extracting a spectrum of at least one first inspection area having a range of the first measurement area or less from the first spectrum data, and analyzing the spectrum. The first optical device includes a light source, an objective lens, a detector, and an imaging optical system. The obtaining first wavelength-specific images includes using the imaging optical system and the detector.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a bit line structure on a substrate, a spacer structure including a first spacer directly contacting a sidewall of the bit line structure, a second spacer directly contacting a portion of an outer sidewall of the first spacer, the second spacer including air, and a third spacer directly contacting an upper portion of the first spacer and covering an outer sidewall and an upper surface of the second spacer, and a contact plug structure extending in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate and directly contacting an outer sidewall of the third spacer at least at a height between respective heights of a bottom and a top surface of the second spacer.

Abstract: A method of digital-driving an organic light emitting display device includes analyzing a light emission pattern of the input image data and converting a third grayscale of the input image data into a first converted grayscale and a second converted grayscale based on an analysis result of the light emission pattern of the input image data.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and method for fabricating the same are provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first active pattern disposed on the substrate and spaced apart from the substrate, a gate insulating film which surrounds the first active pattern, a first work function adjustment film which surrounds the gate insulating film and includes carbon, and a first barrier film which surrounds the first work function adjustment film, in which a carbon concentration of the first work function adjustment film increases as it goes away from the first barrier film.

Abstract: A robot control system for controlling a robot including an actuator is provided. The robot control system includes: a collision detector configured to detect a collision occurring between the robot and an external object during movement of the robot, a driving controller configured to control the actuator, a position calculator configured to calculate at least one of collision position coordinate information indicating a collision position where the collision occurs and pushed position coordinate information indicating a pushed position to which the robot is pushed by a collision force generated from the collision, and a restart coordinate setter configured to set the collision position or a position included in a preset moving path of the robot and spaced apart from the collision position as a restart position for restarting a moving operation of the robot, based on a result of the calculation by the position calculator.

Abstract: A resistor element includes a substrate having first and second surfaces facing each other, and a plurality of side surfaces connecting the first surface and the second surface with each other. A resistance layer is on at least one of the first and second surfaces. A first terminal and a second terminal are connected to the resistance layer, and each include a first electrode layer on the first surface, a second electrode layer on the second surface, and a plurality of side electrode layers on at least a portion of the plurality of side surfaces. At least a portion of the side surfaces of the substrate is exposed between side electrode layers of the first terminal.

Abstract: A lithium-air battery system using a vortex tube is provided, in which the vortex tube is connected to an oxygen supply port of a lithium-air battery having a stack form. A high-temperature gas generated in the vortex tube is supplied to the lithium-air battery to induce a stimulating reaction and simultaneously, a low-temperature gas generated in the vortex tube is supplied to a cooling path in the lithium-air battery to realize efficient cooling of the lithium-air battery.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes: a capacitance layer including dielectric layers and first and second internal electrodes disposed with respective dielectric layers interposed therebetween; a protection layer disposed on one surface of the capacitance layer; an alpha connection electrode provided in an alpha via penetrating through the protection layer; and a beta connection electrode provided in a beta via penetrating through the capacitance layer and connected to the alpha via. The alpha via has a diameter greater than that of the beta via.