Abstract: A display unit capable of inhibiting moisture and gas from penetrating into a liquid crystal layer and an alignment layer also after formation of a display electrode and suppressing decomposition of a material forming the display electrode is obtained. In this display unit, an impurity-introduced layer containing an impurity element having high electronegativity is formed on the surface of an insulator film and the surface of the display electrode after formation of the display electrode. Thus, the insulator film and the display electrode are improved in effects of preventing transmission of moisture and gas also after formation of the display electrode. The impurity-introduced layer formed on the surface of the display electrode stabilizes the surface of an ITO film forming the display electrode, thereby suppressing decomposition of the ITO film.

Abstract: A second planarization insulating layer disposed under an organic EL layer is heat-treated so as to bring the moisture content thereof to an extremely low level. By lowering this moisture content to 77 ng/cm3 or below, an organic EL panel can be realized where the degradation of luminescence characteristics is minimized. As an alternative method of reducing the adverse effect of moisture content on the organic EL layer, a reforming processing or coating processing may be performed on the second planarization insulating layer.

Abstract: A contact hole is formed, by etching that uses buffered hydrofluoric acid, in a gate insulating film made of SiO2 and an interlayer insulating layer, formed on the gate insulating film, which is made of SiN. In this contact hole, there is formed an electrode which includes: a first protective metal layer made of a refractory metal; a wiring layer, formed on the first protective metal layer, which is made of a metal whose resistance is lower than that of the refractory metal; and a second protective metal layer, made of a refractory metal, which is formed thicker than the gate insulating film.

Abstract: A display unit capable of inhibiting moisture and gas from penetrating into a liquid crystal layer and an alignment layer also after formation of a display electrode and suppressing decomposition of a material forming the display electrode is obtained. In this display unit, an impurity-introduced layer containing an impurity element having high electronegativity is formed on the surface of an insulator film and the surface of the display electrode after formation of the display electrode. Thus, the insulator film and the display electrode are improved in effects of preventing transmission of moisture and gas also after formation of the display electrode. The impurity-introduced layer formed on the surface of the display electrode stabilizes the surface of an ITO film forming the display electrode, thereby suppressing decomposition of the ITO film.

Abstract: In a three-band switching oscillator, a switching circuit is provided to switch the operating conditions of a first and second voltage-controlled oscillator and to switch an oscillation frequency band of the first voltage-controlled oscillator. The switching circuit switches a first switch in accordance with a switching voltage inputted to a first switching terminal and switches an oscillation frequency band in accordance with a switching voltage inputted to a second switching terminal. Only when a high-level switching voltage is inputted to the second switching terminal, the second switch is placed into an open condition by a high-level switching voltage inputted to the first switching terminal and placed into a closed condition by a low-level switching voltage inputted thereto, and when a low-level switching voltage is inputted to the second switching terminal, the second switch is placed into the open condition irrespective of the switching voltage inputted to the first switching terminal.

Abstract: A deposition mask capable of relaxing nonuniformity of the thickness of a deposit formed on a substrate and reducing the width of a non-opening part of a mask layer by reducing the thickness of the mask layer is obtained. This deposition mask comprises a mask layer formed by a single silicon thin film and a mask pattern, formed on the mask layer, including a mask opening having an opening width increased toward a deposition source. The mask layer formed by a silicon thin film can be reduced in thickness due to small deflection caused by its own weight. Thus, the width of the non-opening part of the mask layer can be reduced, whereby the width of a part formed with no deposit can be reduced.

Abstract: In a three-band switching oscillator, a switching circuit is provided to switch the operating conditions of first and second voltage-controlled oscillator and to switching an oscillation frequency band of said first voltage-controlled oscillator, and is composed of a first switch for supplying a current to place the first voltage-controlled oscillator into operation, a second switch for supplying a current to place the second voltage-controlled oscillator into operation, and first and second switching terminals for receiving switching voltages.

Abstract: A display unit capable of inhibiting moisture and gas from penetrating into a liquid crystal layer and an alignment layer also after formation of a display electrode and suppressing decomposition of a material forming the display electrode is obtained. In this display unit, an impurity-introduced layer containing an impurity element having high electronegativity is formed on the surface of an insulator film and the surface of the display electrode after formation of the display electrode. Thus, the insulator film and the display electrode are improved in effects of preventing transmission of moisture and gas also after formation of the display electrode. The impurity-introduced layer formed on the surface of the display electrode stabilizes the surface of an ITO film forming the display electrode, thereby suppressing decomposition of the ITO film.

Abstract: A hydraulic power steering apparatus includes a pump for discharging pressurized operation fluid, a power cylinder for generating assisting force, a control valve connected to the pump via a fluid path for receiving the operation fluid from the pump and adapted to supply the operation fluid to the power cylinder in accordance with operation of a steering wheel, a rubber hose disposed in the fluid path. A check valve is disposed between the rubber hose and the control valve. Since reverse flow of the operation fluid due to input of kick-back force is prevented, tires to be steered are prevented from undesirably steered against the driver's intention. Further, a pressure relieving mechanism is provided to relieve part of the operation fluid when the check valve operates. Therefore, the oil pressure within the power cylinder and the control valve is prevented from increasing excessively, so that the oil pressure within the pump does not reach a preset relief pressure.

Abstract: A method for producing ratchet devices, the method including the steps of forming a circular recess in a blank metal plate by drawing, compressing the metal plate in a pair of dies so as to reduce the depth of the recess and thicken the side wall thereof, and forming ratchet teeth on and along the inner annular surface of the side wall of the recess.

Abstract: In a memory access control device for use in combination with request sources (A, B, C), a main memory (11), and an expanded memory (12), a request receiving port section (13) successively receives a plurality of input requests as received requests. Supplied with the received requests, a selecting circuit (14) selects one of the received requests as a selected request. Supplied with the selected request, a request judging circuit (15) judges a type of the selected request to produce a request type signal indicative of the type of the selected request. Responsive to the request type signal, a request processing section (16) processes the selected request. The input requests include an access request indicative of access to the main memory, a first data transfer request indicative of transfer of data from the main memory to the expanded memory, and a second data transfer request indicative of transfer of data from the expanded memory to the main memory.

Abstract: A selector is arranged to receive two kinds of memory bank access requests: one is a fresh request and the other a request which has been rejected at least once. In the event that the two kinds of requests are applied to the selector simultaneously, the selector allows the request at least once rejected, in preference to a fresh one, to be checked in the following access decision circuit to see if a bank demanded by the selected request is permissible or not. If the bank access request is not allowed at the access decision circuit, it is delayed for a predetermined time period and is again applied to the selector.

Abstract: The testing system is provided with a diagnostic processing apparatus which is independent from a computer to be tested. The diagnostic processing apparatus operates based on a clock signal which is separate from another clock signal used in the computer to asynchronously issue a fault generation command to the computer. The computer is provided with a register for storing particular fault mode information. The computer is responsive to the issued fault generation command for enabling the stored fault mode information so as to generate an asynchronous pseudo-fault in the computer for testing purpose.

Abstract: An air conditioner comprising a casing, an air flow passage extending from an air inlet at the upper side of the casing to an air outlet at the lower side of the casing. A cross flow fan is provided within the casing along with a heat exchanger composed by connecting fins through which air is allowed to pass to the outer surface of the heat transfer tube along the lengthwise direction thereof. The heat transfer tube is branched into a plurality of passes in the heat exchanger. The present invention is characterized in that the heat transfer tube is disposed in a direction crossing the axial direction of the cross flow fan. Even if drift of flowing air is caused by the cross flow fan, distribution in the air flow speed and distribution of heat exchanger can be made equal and heat exchanging capacity of high level can be obtained, without causing the trouble of condensed water from the heat exchanger falling into the air flow passage.

Abstract: A channel changing mechanism in a tape player includes a pinch roller change plate for alternatively bringing a pair of pinch rollers to and apart from a pair of capstan shafts, and a power plate movable to its forward-mode, reverse-mode and neutral positions responsively to the pinch roller change plate and a power gear engageable with the power plate and formed with two chipped portions along its geared circumference to be opposed to a motor-driven gear when the power gear is locked. The power plate is locked at the forward-mode or reverse-mode position with a delay corresponding to a half revolution of the power gear after the source power is supplied to the tape player.

Abstract: The mode selection mechanism in a magnetic tape recording and reproducing apparatus is adapted to move a mode plate and a forward/reverse changeover plate to given positions in response to a mode selecting manual operation and to thereafter move a power plate by a predetermined stroke in a direction prependicular to the movements of the mode plate and of the changeover plate, thereby creating any desired tape feeding mode. The mode plate and the changeover plate are independently moved by rotations of a mode cam which is intermittently moved by a tape drive motor through a power transmission means. The power plate is moved by rotation of a power cam which is moved by the same motor and may be interrupted by a power transmission means after the power cam makes a predetermined angular rotation.

Abstract: A cam driven actuating mechanism for use in a tape player includes a drive source, a cam driven by the drive source, a control arm actuated by the cam profile of the cam, and a solenoid to hold the control arm at a given position off the cam. The cam includes a resilient projection along the cam profile which bulges out from the cam profile to push the control arm in a direction to assist the solenoid to catch the control arm, and the bulging amount of the resilient projection is slightly larger than the stroke needed for the control arm to be caught by the solenoid.

Abstract: A mode selection device of a tape deck includes a power cam driven by a drive gear, a power plate moved by the power cam, first pin formed on the power plate, a key plate configured to engage the first pin when an attraction solenoid attracts a plunger plate and disengage it otherwise, a head plate linked to and concurrently movable with the key plate via a key plate link, a reverse link pivoted by second pin formed on the power plate; and a reverse link responsive to the movement of the head plate to engage or disengage third pin formed on the reverse link. The device is characterized in that the power plate is limited in its withdrawal when the plunger plate is attracted by the solenoid, and in the limited withdrawal of the power plate, the power cam is maintained at an angular position where a non-toothed portion of the power cam is opposed to the drive gear, so that the on and off action of the solenoid in combination with the different positions of the head plate establishes plural tape transport modes.

Abstract: In producing a mixed phosphatic fertilizer, humic acid is mixed with fused phosphate to cause the humic acid to react on alkaline ingredients of the fused phosphate for turning these alkaline ingredients into chelate compounds, so that water-soluble phosphoric acid contents of succeedingly added phosphatic fertilizers such as calcium superphosphate and calcium triple-superphosphate are not reduced or insolubilized by being reacted with such alkaline ingredients. Thus, unlike the prior art, a stabilized predetermined level of water-soluble phosphoric acid contents can be secured in the resultant mixed phosphatic fertilizer along with a predetermined level of citric acid-soluble phosphoric acid contents.

Abstract: In producing a mixed phosphatic fertilizer, humic acid is mixed with fused phosphate to cause the humic acid to react on alkaline ingredients of the fused phosphate for turning these alkaline ingredients into chelate compounds, so that water-soluble phosphoric acid contents of succeedingly added phosphatic fertilizers such as calcium superphosphate and calcium triple-superphosphate are not reduced or insolubilized by being reacted with such alkaline ingredients. Thus, unlike the prior art, a stabilized predetermined level of water-soluble phosphoric acid contents can be secured in the resultant mixed phosphatic fertilizer along with a predetermined level of citric acid-soluble phosphoric acid contents.