Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include a method and apparatus for encoding the signature string X into a first part B and a second part R with reference to a dictionary comprising a plurality of codes. The first part B identifies which, if any, characters of the signature string X are wildcard characters. The second part R is formed by, for each character in the signature string X that is not a wildcard character, retrieving a code from the dictionary based on the character and its position within the signature string X, the dictionary holding a different code for each such character-position pairing, and combining the retrieved codes according to a predetermined logical operation (e.g. XOR) to form the second part R.

Abstract: In multimedia broadcast transmission a system a method and a device for improving transmission are provided. The optimization is achieved by the combination of a Virtual Time-Slice (VTS) solution within a broadcast service in which time-slice corresponding to a layered broadcast service and a feedback channel through a wireless access network. The VTS allows the system to set the layer content within a broadcast service time-slice according to the user's feedbacks. An optimization algorithm selects the appropriate number of enhancement layers mapped into VTSs. The users provide feedback information based on their own receiving capabilities or on subscription limitations. If a time-division multiplex multimedia broadcast network, e.g. DVB-H network is deployed next to the wireless access network, e.g. a 3G network, then these feedback information can be signaled via this network.

Abstract: In an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) system Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) data is transmitted as layered data together with control information comprising information enabling a User Equipment to reconstruct the layered MBMS data.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for use in a packet switched network, comprising carrying descriptor information relating to options for stream adaptation, for example media stream adaptation, in the packet switched network using at least one of the Next Step in Signalling, NSIS, and Resource Reservation Protocol, RSVP, signalling protocols. Carrying the descriptor information may comprise receiving (S120), processing (S130), generating (S110), distributing (S140), transmitting (S140) or using the descriptor information in any way. The method aims to provide a generally applicable solution for cross-layer information forwarding, with one realization of the general solution using the Layer Independent Descriptor as the forwarded information. Specific NSIS and RSVP object formats are also proposed.

Abstract: Each domain of a multi-domain network collects intra-domain routing information relating to that domain and makes a reduced view of that information available to other domains of the network, and in which each domain of the network uses its own intra-domain routing information together with the reduced-view routing information from the other domains to form a logical view of the network so as to enable that domain to make an end-to-end route selection decision.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for optimizing data rates in communicating multicast data, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining available data rates corresponding to a user station; computing optimal data rate within each access network cell; and controlling the data rate for each data packet at each access network cell.