Abstract: Cell detection information, such as cell identity, frequency, dormant/active mode, etc. may be determined. This cell detection information may be reported based on properties of a received Auxiliary Synchronization Signal (AuSS) or discovery signal. The received signal may be processed as a function of its timing, for example, with respect to timing of a serving cell. A WTRU may obtain cell detection information for a neighbor cell. A cell may also be detected by surrounding WTRUs. A WTRU may determine timing of cell reactivation from a detected property of the AuSS or discovery signal. A WTRU may trigger an RRC procedure upon selecting a dormant but temporarily reactivated cell. An eNB may transmit AuSS for a dormant cell based on detection of signals received from neighbor cells. Quasi-colocation (QCL) demodulation may be performed based on the detected signal. The on/off state of a cell may be indicated.

Abstract: A method implemented by a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) includes receiving a DeModulation Interference Measurement (DM-IM) resource, determining an interference measurement based on the DM-IM resource, and demodulating a received signal based on the interference measurement. An interference is suppressed based on the interference measurement. At least one DM-IM resource is located in a Physical Resource Block (PRB). The DM-IM resource is located in a PRB allocated for the WTRU. The DM-IM resource is a plurality of DM-IM resources which form a DM-IM pattern, and the DM-IM pattern is located on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and/or an enhanced Physical Downlink Shared Channel (E-PDSCH) of at least one Long Term Evolution (LTE) subframe. The DM-IM resources are different for different Physical Resource Blocks (PRB) in the LTE subframe. The DM-IM is located in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Resource Block (RB), and the DM-IM pattern is adjusted.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for uplink (UL) transmissions in wireless systems. The systems, methods and instrumentalities may include a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) with a receiver configured to receive one or more uplink (UL) grants that may include allocations associated with a regular UL (RUL) carrier and a supplementary UL (SUL) carrier. The RUL and SUL carriers may be associated with a common downlink (DL) carrier of a serving cell. The WTRU may include a processor configured to select data from one or more logical channels for transmission in accordance with the allocations. The WTRU may include a transmitter configured to transmit data from one logical channel on the RUL carrier and to transmit data from another logical channel on the SUL carrier in accordance with the allocations.

Abstract: In a network comprising both fixed transmission points and mobile transmission points, the transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals that allow WTRUs to detect and/or synchronize to the transmission points. The fixed and mobile transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals with different characteristics that allow the WTRUs to distinguish between fixed and mobile transmission points. The mobile transmission points may also transmit a separate maintenance reference signal that allows WTRUs to maintain a connection with the mobile transmission point. For networks in which fixed a mobile transmission points operate in different frequency bands, the mobile transmission points may also periodically transmit discovery beacon signals in the frequency band of the fixed transmission points to allow discovery. Conditions may be imposed on WTRUs before the WTRU will transmit to the network a measurement report reporting on a potential transmission point to which it may be switched.

Abstract: A WTRU may be configured to perform radio link monitoring (RLM) based on RLM reference signals (RLM-RSs) transmitted in a cell operating in an unlicensed spectrum. The WTRU may evaluate a radio link failure (RLF) status for the cell using a first RLM criteria based on the RLM-RSs. A transmission instance of the RLM-RSs may be skipped, for example, due to a listen before talk (LBT) failure at a gNodeB (gNB). The WTRU may adapt or change the first RLM criteria and/or evaluate the RLF status of the cell operating in the unlicensed spectrum using a second RLM criteria based on determining that the transmission instance of the RLM-RSs was skipped. The first RLM criteria may correspond to a first RLM process that utilizes a first set of RLM parameters. The second RLM criteria may correspond to a second RLM process that utilizes a second set of RLM parameters.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) determines PDCCH candidates. For a slot, the WTRU determines a number of valid PDCCH candidates associated with at least one search space based on a number of designated search spaces associated with the WTRU in the slot, a type of the search space, a priority associated with the search space, a number of required CCE channel estimates associated with the search space, a maximum number of PDCCH candidates in a slot, and a number of control resource sets (CORESETs) associated with the slot. The WTRU may then attempt to decode CCEs in the at least one search space to recover a PDCCH associated with the WTRU. The WTRU may drop PDCCH candidates from the search space when the number of PDCCH exceeds a maximum value.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are disclosed for determining one or more clear channel assessment occasions. Techniques include performing one or more clear channel assessment (CCA) processes on a channel during the one or more CCA occasions to determine whether the channel is available at the one or more CCA occasion based on the one or more CCA processes. Techniques include sending the UL transmission in one or more UL subframes via the channel on at least a condition that the channel is determined to be available at the one or more CCA occasions. Techniques include performing the one or more CCA processes on the channel during another of the one or more CCA occasions on at least a condition that the channel is determined to be unavailable at a previous CCA occasion.

Abstract: Method, apparatus, and systems for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) enhancement in wireless communications are disclosed. In one representative embodiment, a method implemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for wireless communications includes identifying a codebook process from a set of codebook processes based on a first indication, associating a set of bits of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback with the identified codebook process, maintaining the set of bits associated with the identified codebook process based on a condition, receiving a second indication to transmit the set of bits associated with the identified codebook process, and transmitting the set of bits based on the second indication.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive first measurement indication information indicating an activation of measurement reporting. The WTRU may determine a first set of resource elements (REs) based on the first measurement indication information. Further, the first set of REs may be associated with measurement-related time and frequency resources. Also, the WTRU may receive one or more measurement-related signals in the indicated first set of REs. Additionally, the WTRU may perform a measurement of each measurement-related signal. The WTRU may transmit, based on the first measurement indication information, a measurement report based on the measurement of each measurement-related signal. Further, the WTRU may receive second measurement indication information indicating a deactivation of measurement reporting.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are for identifying, determining, or selecting one or more numerologies in a wireless system. The numerologies may include one or more of a subcarrier spacing, a transmission duration, a symbol duration, a number of symbols, or a cyclic prefix (CP) size. The WTRU may send an access request indicating the identified, determined, or selected one or more numerologies. The access request may be a random access channel (RACH) request or a scheduling request (SR). The WTRU may monitor one or more search spaces for one or more physical control channels. The search spaces may be monitored based on an identified, determined, or selected one or more numerologies. Within one of the search spaces, the WTRU may receive and successfully decode a physical control channel. The WTRU may transmit data based on the numerology associated with the search space in which the physical channel was successfully decoded.

Abstract: Methods and devices for offloading and/or aggregation of resources to coordinate uplink transmissions when interacting with different schedulers are disclosed herein. A method in a WTRU incudes functionality for coordinating with a different scheduler for each eNB associated with the WTRU's configuration. Disclosed methods include autonomous WTRU grand selection and power scaling, and dynamic prioritization of transmission and power scaling priority.

Abstract: A receiver bandwidth adaptation for radio access technologies (RATs) may be for a New Radio (NR) or 5G flexible RAT. A WTRU control channel (e.g., receiver) bandwidth may change, for example, based on monitoring a downlink channel for an indication using a bandwidth (BW) associated with a first BW configuration. The indication may include a signal to change the receiver BW. The WTRU may change the receiver BW associated with the first BW configuration to a second BW configuration when the WTRU receives the indication on a downlink (DL) channel. The WTRU may perform one or more measurements associated with the second BW configuration in response to the change of the receiver BW to the second BW configuration. The WTRU may transmit measurement information to a network entity. The WTRU may receive a DL transmission from the network using the second BW configuration.

Abstract: Method, apparatus, and systems for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) enhancement in wireless communications are disclosed. In one representative embodiment, a method implemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for wireless communications includes identifying a codebook process from a set of codebook processes based on a first indication, associating a set of bits of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback with the identified codebook process, maintaining the set of bits associated with the identified codebook process based on a condition, receiving a second indication to transmit the set of bits associated with the identified codebook process, and transmitting the set of bits based on the second indication.

Abstract: A method implemented by a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) includes receiving a DeModulation Interference Measurement (DM-IM) resource, determining an interference measurement based on the DM-IM resource, and demodulating a received signal based on the interference measurement. An interference is suppressed based on the interference measurement. At least one DM-IM resource is located in a Physical Resource Block (PRB). The DM-IM resource is located in a PRB allocated for the WTRU. The DM-IM resource is a plurality of DM-IM resources which form a DM-IM pattern, and the DM-IM pattern is located on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and/or an enhanced Physical Downlink Shared Channel (E-PDSCH) of at least one Long Term Evolution (LTE) subframe. The DM-IM resources are different for different Physical Resource Blocks (PRB) in the LTE subframe. The DM-IM is located in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Resource Block (RB), and the DM-IM pattern is adjusted.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are disclosed for determining one or more clear channel assessment occasions. Techniques include performing one or more clear channel assessment (CCA) processes on a channel during the one or more CCA occasions to determine whether the channel is available at the one or more CCA occasion based on the one or more CCA processes. Techniques include sending the UL transmission in one or more UL subframes via the channel on at least a condition that the channel is determined to be available at the one or more CCA occasions. Techniques include performing the one or more CCA processes on the channel during another of the one or more CCA occasions on at least a condition that the channel is determined to be unavailable at a previous CCA occasion.

Abstract: Methods to perform, maintain and report measurements on a transmission-reception point (TRP) using limited reference signal transmission are described herein. The mobility measurement reports may utilize physical channels. Methods to obtain measurements on neighbor TRPs using limited RS transmissions are also described herein. Random-Access procedures to enable the addition of a neighbor TRP or handover without requiring higher layer signaling (and possibly without an interface between source and target TRP) are also described herein. New triggers to perform RA in order to decrease handover latency are also described herein. Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) behavior upon receiving RAR from multiple possible TRPs are also described herein. For example, a WTRU may store RAR information and use it later in an interrupted RA procedure.

Abstract: Cell detection information, such as cell identity, frequency, dormant/active mode, etc. may be determined. This cell detection information may be reported based on properties of a received Auxiliary Synchronization Signal (AuSS) or discovery signal. The received signal may be processed as a function of its timing, for example, with respect to timing of a serving cell. A WTRU may obtain cell detection information for a neighbor cell. A cell may also be detected by surrounding WTRUs. A WTRU may determine timing of cell reactivation from a detected property of the AuSS or discovery signal. A WTRU may trigger an RRC procedure upon selecting a dormant but temporarily reactivated cell. An eNB may transmit AuSS for a dormant cell based on detection of signals received from neighbor cells. Quasi-colocation (QCL) demodulation may be performed based on the detected signal. The on/off state of a cell may be indicated.

Abstract: Embodiments contemplate wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) transmissions of different types of uplink channels and/or signals in a system deployment where multiple destination points may exist. Some embodiments contemplate that a WTRU may select the destination point of a transmission on a dynamic basis. In one or more systems where destination point selection from among multiple potential destination points may be possible for a WTRU transmission, some embodiments contemplate the determination of the handling of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmissions and for different power headroom reporting mechanisms. Embodiments also contemplate the reduction and/or inhibition of WTRU transmissions to destination points to which the WTRU may have lost connectivity.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) determines PDCCH candidates. For a slot, the WTRU determines a number of valid PDCCH candidates associated with at least one search space based on a number of designated search spaces associated with the WTRU in the slot, a type of the search space, a priority associated with the search space, a number of required CCE channel estimates associated with the search space, a maximum number of PDCCH candidates in a slot, and a number of control resource sets (CORESETs) associated with the slot. The WTRU may then attempt to decode CCEs in the at least one search space to recover a PDCCH associated with the WTRU. The WTRU may drop PDCCH candidates from the search space when the number of PDCCH exceeds a maximum value.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for spectrum sharing and transmission mechanisms for different channel access priorities. For example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured as either a high priority (HP) WTRU or a low priority (LP) WTRU, wherein a HP WTRU is configured to use a first channel access method for accessing the set of network resources and a LP WTRU is configured to use a second channel access method for accessing the same set of network resources, the second channel access method having a lower priority than the first channel access method. A set of protected network resources may be scheduled within the set of network resources for being accessed by the LP unit (e.g., over a limited period of time) with fewer channel access restrictions (e.g., with a higher priority channel access method than in any unprotected network resources).