Abstract: A method for preparing a 1-androstene derivative which comprises reacting a 2-iodo-androstane derivative with an oxidizing agent while maintaining the pH of the reaction mixture at a specific range gives the 1-androstene derivative with high purity and yield.

Abstract: A negative active material includes a vanadium-based oxide to achieve outstanding safety and cycle life characteristics in a non-aqueous lithium secondary battery. A second metal is substituted for a small portion of the vanadium to improve the stability of the crystal lattice of the vanadium-based oxide and maintain the capacity of the negative active material. The negative active material has a free-edge energy peak between about 5350 eV to about 5530 eV measured by Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for selectively preparing the 3-oxo-4-aza-5¥á-androstane compound which is used as an intermediate of finasteride by heating 3-oxo-4-aza-5-androstene in a mixture of formic acid and an alkanediol in the presence of zinc.

Abstract: An ink cartridge with an adhesive insulation layer and method of fabricating the same are provided. The ink cartridge includes a cartridge main body, a head chip mounted on an upper surface of the cartridge main body, and a flexible printed circuit electrically connected to the head chip and attached to the upper surface of the cartridge main body, wherein the cartridge main body and the flexible printed circuit are adhered to each other by an insulation layer disposed between the cartridge main body and the flexible printed circuit.

Abstract: An inkjet cartridge includes a cartridge body provided with an ink storing space to store ink therein, a lid mounted on an upper portion of the cartridge body to seal the cartridge body, a head chip mounted on a lower portion of the cartridge body to eject the ink stored in the cartridge body, and an elastic member mounted on the cartridge body to absorb an impact transmitted to the head chip. Therefore, an impact applied from an exterior of the cartridge body is blocked and absorbed by the elastic member before the impact is applied to the head chip. As a result, a crack phenomenon of the head chip due to the external impact is fully prevented.

Abstract: A nozzle tape for an inkjet cartridge is attached to the inkjet cartridge including a head chip, a cartridge body provided with a head chip-mounting portion spaced apart from edges of the head chip by a predetermined extent, and at least one bead member protruded along the edges of the head chip, wherein the nozzle tape is provided with at least one communication portion in fluid communication with a spaced gap between the head chip and the head chip-mounting portion to make the air trapped under the nozzle tape communicate with external air through the communication portion, thereby tightly attaching the nozzle tape to the nozzles, regardless of changes of an external environment.

Abstract: A method of calculating a probability of failures caused only by defects, a method of calculating a defect limited yield using the classification of pattern parameters extracted only from the defects, and a system for calculating the probability of failure and the defect limited yield are provided. In one exemplary embodiment for calculating a probability of failures caused only by defects, defects are detected in inspected blocks that have defects and in blocks located around the inspected blocks to measure the number of inspected blocks that have failures caused by reasons other than the defects in the blocks located around the inspected blocks having defects (n1), the number of inspected blocks having no failures in the blocks located around the inspected blocks having the defects (n2), the number of inspected blocks having failures caused by defects in the inspected blocks having defects (n3), and the number of inspected blocks having no failures in the inspected blocks having defects (n4).

Abstract: A method for preparing a 1-androstene derivative which comprises reacting a 2-iodo-androstane derivative with an oxidizing agent while maintaining the pH of the reaction mixture at a specific range gives the 1-androstene derivative with high purity and yield.

Abstract: An ink-jet printhead and a method of manufacturing the same. The ink-jet printhead includes a substrate on which a heater to boil ink and a conductor to supply a current to the heater are formed, a chamber layer disposed on the substrate, the chamber layer defining an ink chamber containing the ink and being composed of at least polyimide, and a nozzle plate disposed on the chamber layer, the nozzle plate having nozzles through which the ink is ejected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing obesity, comprising novel crystalline sibutramine methanesulfonate hemihydrate of formula (I).

Abstract: Provided is a method of analyzing a surface three-dimensionally in which compositions of a surface and an inner of a specimen are analyzed in three dimensions in a device having a beam source; a monochromator which separates a specific-wavelength beam from a multi-wavelength beam emitted from the beam source and irradiates the detected specific-wavelength beam into the specimen; a detector which analyzes energy of photoelectrons that are excited and escaped from the specimen, the method comprising: irradiating the specific-wavelength beam into one region of the surface of the specimen to measure intensities of the excited photoelectrons depending on escape angles between a normal line to the surface of the specimen and the escape directions of the excited photoelectrons, and detecting a composition distribution depending on a depth of the one region of the specimen by using data on the intensities that are measured depending on the escape angles of the excited photoelectrons; changing an incident position of

Abstract: Provided is an ink cartridge. The ink cartridge includes a first chamber, which retains ink and communicates with a print head, a second chamber with an air vent, a third chamber, which includes a first end communicating with the first chamber and a second end communicating with the second chamber and is filled with a porous member creating a negative pressure by capillary action, and selective permeable member installed at the air vent, which allows inflow of air and prevents outflow of the ink.

Abstract: An improved inkjet printer ink cartridge is provided having a print head unit and a housing. The print head unit has a head chip in which a nozzle hole is formed to fire ink onto paper, and a flexible circuit board for transceiving signals with a printer system. The housing has a receiving part at the bottom thereof to receive the print head unit, and an ink chamber disposed therein, the receiving part having an ink feed hole including a dam on its circumference, and a secondary dam of the same height as the dam. Accordingly, when attaching the print head unit into the housing print head receiving part, the print head unit is prevented from being slanted. Further, problems from heat stress when an adhesive is heat cured, such as a membrane crack, or a circuit wire or conductive path breaking, are minimized.

Abstract: A gas supplying apparatus for atomic layer deposition, which generates a source gas by vaporizing a powder source and supplies the source gas into a reaction chamber of an atomic layer deposition apparatus, is provided.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for performing automatic frequency control of a mobile communication terminal detects a current peak position value from a downlink pilot signal and then calculates a difference value (dev) between the current peak position and a previous peak position value. A zero-run value is then calculated by counting the number of successive 0s in the difference value (dev), and an AFC voltage from controlling an oscillator is obtained based on the difference value. This difference value is then used to control a frequency of a transmitter in the terminal. Accordingly, an accurate oscillation frequency can be generated without being affected by noise existing in the communication environment and thus communication performance can be enhanced.

Abstract: Provided is an in-situ analysis method for an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. The provided method includes transferring a substrate to a reaction chamber in a vacuum container, depositing an atomic layer on the upper surface of the substrate, and analyzing the state of the atomic layer to determine the quality of the atomic layer in real time. Using the method decreases failure and the cost for additional analysis.

Abstract: An in-situ monitoring system for a bonding process and a method therefor are provided. The monitoring system includes: a light source irradiating rays to a sample; a heating unit heating the sample; a temperature detecting unit detecting the temperature of the sample; a light detecting unit detecting the rays passing through the sample and converting the rays into an image signal; and a controlling unit receiving and outputting the image signal, and transmitting a signal for controlling the light source and the heating unit.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device is provided. The organic EL device includes a cathode and an anode, a hole transporting layer (HTL) interposed between the cathode and the anode, an organic emission material layer (EML) interposed between the HTL and the anode, and an interlayer, which is formed of a halide series material including Na, interposed between the organic EML and the cathode. The organic EL device does not include a separate electron transporting layer (ETL). The interlayer works as an interface-dipole-control layer and transports electrons and blocks holes so as to provide a high light-emitting efficiency.

Abstract: A cartridge body partitioned into foam chambers and ink chambers and having a first welding part and a second welding part, a lid having a third welding part engaged and welded with the first welding part of the cartridge body and a fourth welding part formed on the bottom thereof in which the second welding part is inserted. Ink heads provided on the bottom of the cartridge body eject ink, and ink filters provided on upper sides of the ink heads to prevent foreign materials or bubbles from flowing in. The first welding part has a first section horizontally protruded in cross-section and a second section vertically protruded to the first section, and the third welding part has a third section vertically protruded, a fourth section horizontally protruded, and a fifth section in a diagonal cross-sectioned shape connecting the third section and the fourth section.

Abstract: An ink-jet cartridge includes a cartridge body forming an ink reservoir, a standpipe coupled to one side of the ink reservoir, a printhead formed under an ink supply passage formed by the standpipe, through which ink from the ink reservoir is ejected onto a printing medium in a droplet shape, and a filter which covers a top portion of the standpipe. The filter is formed in a convex shape protruding toward the printhead. Ink particles and bubbles flowing from the ink reservoir to the printhead are filtered out, bubbles which may flow from the printhead to the ink reservoir, move to edges of the filter, and the ink is smoothly supplied to the printhead.