Abstract: Proposed is a manufacturing method of a retainer provided with a body part having a first surface being in contact with a teeth surface of a plurality of teeth forming a teeth arrangement so as to support the teeth arrangement. The manufacturing method includes a process of acquiring three-dimensional scanning data of the teeth arrangement, a data processing process in which processing line data for manufacturing the body part are generated, and a laser cutting process in which a body forming part is manufactured from a base material formed of a shape memory alloy material. In the data processing process, tangential lines that extend along the teeth surface of the teeth arrangement are formed and collected, and a first processing line formed by connecting, to each other, tangential line portions in a tangential line group body and a second processing line spaced apart from the first processing line are generated.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device capable of improving element performance and reliability. The semiconductor device may include an active pattern that includes a lower pattern extending in a first direction on a substrate and a sheet pattern on the lower pattern, a field insulating layer that defines the active pattern on the substrate, a gate structure on the lower pattern and including a gate insulating layer and a gate electrode, the gate electrode extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, a gate spacer at least partially surrounding the gate structure and including a first portion on a sidewall of the gate structure and a second portion on a bottom surface of the gate structure, and a source/drain pattern on the lower pattern and in contact with the sheet pattern.

Abstract: Proposed is a retainer and a method for manufacturing the retainer. The retainer has a body which is in close contact with a tooth arrangement and which is formed of a shape memory alloy material. The body is manufactured by being laser cut from a base material of the shape memory alloy material on the basis of 3D scanning data of the tooth arrangement and then a width thereof is modified. The method includes a process of acquiring three-dimensional data of the tooth arrangement, a data processing process of generating processing line data on the basis of the scanning data, a laser cutting process of manufacturing a body forming part by laser cutting the shape memory alloy material, and a width modification process of thermally treating the body forming part after expanding or reducing and fixing the body forming part so that the width thereof is widened or narrowed.

Abstract: An air purifier filter is proposed. The air purifier filter includes: a filter body having an inlet and an outlet therein such that air flows therethrough, and a receiving space having formed therein; a substrate provided in the receiving space of the filter body; and activated carbon attached to a surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate has a three-dimensional corrugated structure.

Abstract: Proposed is a regainer including a body part which is integrally formed of a shape memory material and supports teeth at opposite sides of tooth loss space, wherein the body part includes a first grip part which covers a portion of a perimeter of a tooth disposed at a first side relative to the tooth loss space, a second grip part which covers a portion of a perimeter of a tooth disposed at a second side relative to the tooth loss space, and a bridge which connects the first grip part with the second grip part and elastically supports the first grip part and the second grip part, wherein the bridge is formed in a form bent multiple times in the tooth loss space.

Abstract: Proposed is a removable retainer including a body part that is formed of a shape memory alloy material and has a front surface in close contact with the outer tooth surface of each tooth, and a fixing part coupled to the body part and fixing the body part, wherein the body part includes a curved protrusion part formed to protrude toward an interdental space to be inserted into the interdental space, and multiple support parts. A manufacturing method of the removable retainer includes a step of acquiring three-dimensional scanning data, a data processing step of generating first and second processing lines, a laser cutting step of laser cutting a flat plate-shaped base material to form a body-part forming part, a shape processing step of cutting the body-part forming part, and a fixing part coupling step of coupling the manufactured body part and the manufactured fixing part to each other.

Abstract: Proposed is an adhesive retainer including a body part which is formed of a shape memory alloy material and has a front surface in close contact with and attached to each tooth, wherein the body part includes a curved protrusion part which is formed to protrude toward an interdental space so as to be inserted into the interdental space, and multiple support parts having front surfaces which are in close contact with tooth surfaces of teeth outside the interdental space. A manufacturing method of the adhesive retainer includes a step of acquiring three-dimensional scanning data about a tooth arrangement, a data processing step of generating a first processing line and a second processing line, a laser cutting step of laser cutting a flat plate-shaped base material based on processing line data to form a body-part forming part, and a shape processing step of cutting the body-part forming part.

Abstract: Proposed are a spacer and a method of manufacturing the spacer. The spacer includes a body portion configured as a single structure and formed of a shape memory material, the body portion supporting teeth at both sides of a tooth loss space. Furthermore, the body portion includes a first grip portion surrounding a part around a tooth disposed at a first side with respect to the tooth loss space, a second grip portion surrounding a part around a tooth disposed at a second side with respect to the tooth loss space, and a bridge connecting the first grip portion and the second grip portion to each other. Furthermore, the first grip portion and the second grip portion have curved shapes open toward directions opposite to each other. Furthermore, the method includes a data obtaining process, a data processing process, and a laser cutting process.

Abstract: A negative transconductance device is disclosed. The negative transconductance device includes a first transistor having a P-type semiconductor channel, a second transistor having an N-type semiconductor channel, and a third transistor having an ambipolar semiconductor channel and positioned between the first and second transistors. A first drain electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a third source electrode of the third transistor, and a drain electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to a second source electrode of the second transistor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photodetector in which a plurality of conductive stripes spaced apart from each other are bonded onto a two-dimensional semiconductor thin-film, and a pitch between adjacent conductive stripes is controlled to selectively adjust a plasmonic resonance wavelength zone, such that the photodetector has a high absorbance and a wide detection zone at the same time. Further, a manufacturing method thereof is disclosed. The photodetector includes a semiconductor thin-film; and a plurality of conductive stripes bonded onto the semiconductor thin-film and extending in a parallel manner to each other and spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: An air purifier filter is proposed. The air purifier filter includes: a filter body having an inlet and an outlet therein such that air flows therethrough, and a receiving space having formed therein; a substrate provided in the receiving space of the filter body; and activated carbon attached to a surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate has a three-dimensional corrugated structure.

Abstract: A negative transconductance device is disclosed. The negative transconductance device includes a first transistor having a P-type semiconductor channel, a second transistor having an N-type semiconductor channel, and a third transistor having an ambipolar semiconductor channel and positioned between the first and second transistors. A first drain electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a third source electrode of the third transistor, and a drain electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to a second source electrode of the second transistor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photodetector in which a plurality of conductive stripes spaced apart from each other are bonded onto a two-dimensional semiconductor thin-film, and a pitch between adjacent conductive stripes is controlled to selectively adjust a plasmonic resonance wavelength zone, such that the photodetector has a high absorbance and a wide detection zone at the same time. Further, a manufacturing method thereof is disclosed. The photodetector includes a semiconductor thin-film; and a plurality of conductive stripes bonded onto the semiconductor thin-film and extending in a parallel manner to each other and spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing the volume of a resource allocation information message in a broadband wireless communication system are provided. The method includes transmitting a message including information indicating a periodicity of an uplink control channel for an initial network entry; and receiving an uplink signal for the initial network entry through the uplink control channel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing the volume of a resource allocation information message in a broadband wireless communication system are provided. The method includes transmitting a message including information indicating a periodicity of an uplink control channel for an initial network entry; and receiving an uplink signal for the initial network entry through the uplink control channel.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for a carrier aggregation (CA) operation using a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) carrier and a Time Division Duplex (TDD) carrier in a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes receiving downlink signals via downlink FDD TDD CA using a first carrier operated in an FDD mode and a second carrier operated in a TDD mode and transmitting, via the first carrier, uplink signals corresponding to the downlink signals received via the first and second carriers.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing the volume of a resource allocation information message in a broadband wireless communication system are provided. The method includes transmitting a message including information indicating a periodicity of an uplink control channel for an initial network entry; and receiving an uplink signal for the initial network entry through the uplink control channel.

Abstract: An apparatus for a terminal in a wireless communication system includes a receiver configured to receive frame configuration information used by a second carrier which is operated using a Time Division Duplex (TDD) scheme and receive downlink data through downlink TDD-Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) Carrier Aggregation (CA) using a first carrier and the second carrier operated using an FDD scheme and a transmitter configured to transmit uplink data via the first carrier. The downlink data received via the second carrier is received through a downlink subframe identified by the frame configuration information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for adaptively controlling functions of a target system by conditions or by users by controlling the target system based on operating environment of the target system. An adaptive system control apparatus includes an operating environment identification module configured to identify operating environment of a target system based on the sensing data detected by a sensor; a system state estimation module configured to estimate current state of the target system based on the identified operating environment information; a system control module configured to control the target system based on the estimated current state information; and a control result learning module configured to learn the control result of the target system by receiving feedback data from a user.

Abstract: A method and Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS) are provided for transmitting Channel Quality Information (CQI) in a wireless communication system. The method includes transmitting first information including a value related to CQI for at least one of bands; and transmitting second information including a differential CQI for the at least one of the bands, wherein each band comprises a plurality of adjacent subcarriers.