Abstract: A lock detector and a clock generator including the same are disclosed. A lock detector includes a counter unit which counts a non-matching section of a first signal and a second signal to provide a count value, the first signal and the second signal being comparison result signals obtained by comparing a phase of a reference signal with a phase of a comparison signal, and a lock detection unit which outputs a lock detection signal based on a result of comparing the count value with the reference value. Accordingly, a lock state of the phase-locked loop can be detected rapidly and exactly.

Abstract: This application relates to a curable composition and its use. The curable composition may exhibit excellent processibility and workability. The curable composition has excellent light extraction efficiency, crack resistance, hardness, thermal and shock resistance and an adhesive property after curing. The curable composition may provide a cured product exhibiting stable durability and reliability under severe conditions for a long time and having no whitening and surface stickiness.

Abstract: A signal amplifying apparatus, a wireless transmitting apparatus, and a signal amplifying method are provided. The signal amplifying apparatus modulates an envelope signal using a multi-bit quantizer, thereby increasing coding efficiency and tracking optimal supply voltage with respect to envelope variation due to the use of the multi-bit quantizer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of preparing 1-octene at high activity and high selectivity while stably maintaining reaction activity by tetramerizing ethylene using a chromium-based catalyst system comprising a transition metal or a transition metal precursor, a cocatalyst, and a P—C—C—P backbone structure ligand represented by (R1)(R2)P—(R5)CHCH(R6)—P(R3)(R4).

Abstract: A delta-sigma modulator and a transmitter apparatus including the same are disclosed. The delta-sigma modulator includes a first integrator, a second integrator, a first comparator configured to compare an output signal of the second integrator and a reference signal, and output a first comparison signal, a second comparator configured to compare the output signal of the second integrator and the reference signal, and output a second comparison signal, a first DAC configured to output the first signal corresponding to the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal, a second DAC configured to output the second signal corresponding to the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal, a delayer configured to generate a delayed signal that delays the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal by a predetermined time, and an output DAC configured to generate an output signal having a multi-level corresponding to the delayed signal.

Abstract: Provided are a successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter and an operation method thereof. The method includes latching input signals which respectively correspond to bits of a first series of bits as digital data by directly transmitting the input signals to a latch; latching input signals which respectively correspond to bits of a second series of bits as digital data by transmitting the input signals to the latch after amplifying the input signals during a first period of amplification by using a preamplifier; and latching input signals which respectively correspond to bits of a third series of bits as digital data by transmitting the input signals to the latch after amplifying the input signals during a second period of amplification by using the preamplifier.

Abstract: Provided are a curable composition and its use. The curable composition can exhibit excellent processibility and workability. The curable composition exhibits excellent light extraction efficiency, hardness, thermal and shock resistance, moisture resistance, gas permeability and adhesiveness, after curing. In addition, the curable composition can provide a cured product that exhibits long-lasting durability and reliability even under harsh conditions, and that does not cause whitening and surface stickiness.

Abstract: Provided are a curable composition and its use. The curable composition can exhibit excellent processability and workability. The curable composition exhibits excellent light extraction efficiency, hardness, thermal and shock resistance, moisture resistance, gas permeability and adhesiveness, after curing. In addition, the curable composition can provide a cured product that exhibits long-lasting durability and reliability even under harsh conditions, and that does not cause whitening and surface stickiness.

Abstract: Provided are a curable composition and its use. The curable composition can exhibit excellent processibility and workability. The curable composition exhibits excellent light extraction efficiency, hardness, thermal and shock resistance, moisture resistance, gas permeability and adhesiveness, after curing. In addition, the curable composition can provide a cured product that exhibits long-lasting durability and reliability, and that does not cause whitening and surface stickiness even under harsh conditions.

Abstract: Provided are a curable composition and its use. The curable composition can exhibit excellent processability and workability. The curable composition exhibits excellent light extraction efficiency, hardness, thermal and shock resistance, moisture resistance, gas permeability, and adhesiveness, after curing. In addition, the curable composition can provide a cured product that exhibits long-lasting durability and reliability even under harsh conditions and that does not cause whitening or surface stickiness.

Abstract: When an enable signal representing an offset calibration mode is received, a continuous time delta-sigma modulation apparatus generates a first signal using first and second pulse signals representing outputs of the continuous time delta-sigma modulation apparatus and an operation frequency of the continuous time delta-sigma modulation apparatus, generates first and second output bits by performing a counting operation according to a counting method that is determined according to a pulse signal of first and second comparators, applies a voltage corresponding to the first output bit to a body of a first transistor of a primary integrator, and applies a voltage corresponding to the second output bit to a body of a second transistor of the primary integrator.

Abstract: A time constant calibration apparatus of a low pass delta sigma modulation apparatus calibrates a time constant of an integrator using a resistor and a capacitor, and the time constant calibration apparatus generates a reference voltage by flowing a reference current to a reference resistor, converts the reference voltage to a digital signal, and varies a value of a resistor of an integrator and a value of a capacitor from the digital signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of preparing 1-octene at high activity and high selectivity while stably maintaining reaction activity by tetramerizing ethylene using a chromium-based catalyst system comprising a transition metal or a transition metal precursor, a cocatalyst, and a P—C—C—P backbone structure ligand represented by (R1)(R2)P—(R5)CHCH(R6)—P(R3)(R4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a magnetic nanoparticle having a Curie temperature which is within a biocompatible temperature range, a method for preparing same, and a nanocomposite and a target substance detection composition comprising the magnetic nanoparticle. As the magnetic nanoparticle of the present invention has a Curie temperature within the temperature range of 0 degrees centigrade to 41 degrees centigrade, the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticle may be controlled within a biocompatible temperature range at a temperature at which a biological control agent is not destroyed, and the temperature of the magnetic nanoparticle is adjusted to control the magnetic properties thereof such that the properties of the magnetic nanoparticle may be used only when ferromagnetic properties are required, such as in the case of signal amplification in detecting, separating, and delivering biological control agents.

Abstract: A curable composition and use thereof are provided. The exemplary curable composition can show excellent processability and workability. Also, the curable composition can have a high refractive index before or after curing. The composition has low moisture permeability before or after curing and shows excellent crack resistance, thermal shock resistance, adhesive property and hardness. In addition, the composition does not cause color change such as whitening under a high-temperature or high-humidity condition, and does not exhibit stickiness on a surface thereof. The curable composition may be used as an adhesive material or as an encapsulation material for semiconductor devices such as an LED, a CCD, a photo coupler, or a photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: A curable composition and use thereof are provided. The exemplary curable composition can show excellent processability and workability. Also, the curable composition can have a high refractive index before or after curing. The composition has low moisture permeability before or after curing and shows excellent crack resistance, thermal shock resistance, adhesive property and hardness. In addition, the composition does not cause color change such as whitening, under a high-temperature or high-humidity condition, and does not exhibit stickiness on a surface thereof. The curable composition may be used as an adhesive material or as an encapsulation material for semiconductor devices such as an LED, a CCD, a photo coupler, or a photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: A curable composition and the use thereof are provided. The exemplary curable composition can show excellent processability and workability. Also, the curable composition can have a high refractive index before or after curing. The composition has low moisture permeability before or after curing and shows excellent crack resistance, thermal shock resistance, adhesive property and hardness. In addition, the composition does not cause color change such as whitening under a high-temperature or high-humidity condition, and does not exhibit stickiness on a surface thereof. The curable composition may be used as an adhesive material or as an encapsulation material for semiconductor devices such as an LED, a CCD, a photo coupler, or a photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: A curable composition and use thereof are provided. The exemplary curable composition can show excellent processability and workability. Also, the curable composition can have a high refractive index before or after curing. The composition has low moisture permeability before or after curing and shows excellent crack resistance, thermal shock resistance, adhesive property and hardness. In addition, the composition does not cause color change such as whitening under a high-temperature or high-humidity condition, and does not exhibit stickiness on a surface thereof. The curable composition may be used as an adhesive material or as an encapsulation material for semiconductor devices such as an LED, a CCD, a photo coupler, or a photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are a signal distortion component adjusting apparatus and method capable of adjusting error vector magnitude of subcarriers of a predetermined position by adjusting a signal distortion component occurring while decreasing a peak to average power ratio (PAPR) in a communication system of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology or an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme, and a system using the same. The present invention includes a signal distortion component adjusting unit to add an additional signal distortion component Pe((n+N/2) % N) to a signal distortion component e(n) that is obtained by subtracting a threshold Th value, set to decrease peak power, from an absolute value of a time domain signal x(n) of an input signal, and to thereby adjust the signal distortion component. The present invention may transmit a highly reliable signal by adjusting error vector magnitude of subcarrier of a frequency domain.

Abstract: Provided is an amplifier structure. The amplifier structure includes a delta-sigma modulator, an up converter, a power amplifier, and a band-pass filter. The delta-sigma modulator receives an IF signal to delta-sigma modulate the IF signal. The up converter up-converts a frequency of the delta-sigma modulated signal with an LO signal. The power amplifier amplifies a power of the up-converted signal. The band-pass filter filters the amplified signal of a selected band. The amplifier structure performs the delta-sigma modulation operation on an IF input signal, and thus can considerably decrease a delta-sigma modulation operation speed compared to a typical amplifier structure and moderate the specification in implementing a power amplifier.