Abstract: A clock and data recovery circuit that does not use a reference clock and a method of recovering cocks and data, in which the clock and data recovery circuit includes a clock generation unit, a mirror delay unit, a preamble phase detection unit, and a sampling unit. The clock generation unit generates a clock signal such that a phase of the clock signal is locked to a phase of a data signal inputted to the clock generation unit. The mirror delay unit outputs a plurality of delayed preamble signals based on the preamble signal during a preamble period. The preamble phase detection unit provides the charge pump with a preamble phase detection signal having information on a phase difference between the preamble signal and the clock signal during the preamble period. The sampling unit extracts data from the data signal by sampling the data signal with the clock signal.

Abstract: A film adhered on a display panel includes a black layer for preventing an external light from entering into the display panel, and a reflective layer for preventing light emitted from the display panel from being absorbed in the black layer. The film minimizes the influence of an external light and improves transmittance, thereby providing a user with a good-quality picture.

Abstract: A display panel includes a plurality of light guides which emit received light, and a plurality of external light blocking members which are disposed between exit surfaces of the plurality of light guides, and block light from the outside. Accordingly, the bright room contrast of the PDP is enhanced.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting a liquid crystal display panel includes a cutting wheel having a spindle shape substantially corresponding to two conical shapes being attached to each other at circular bottom surfaces, a cutting blade along a central portion of the cutting wheel, a holder to which the cutting wheel is mounted, and a support part at the holder, the support part fixing and supporting the cutting wheel.

Abstract: A display panel is disclosed. The display panel includes an upper substrate through which light used for an image display passes and a plurality of light guides collecting and emitting the light transmitted through the upper substrate. The display panel may further include anti-reflective part, EMI shielding part, infrared filtering part or glass substrate to increase the bright room contrast or to improve the image displayed by the display panel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a 3D vehicle simulator system for an ECU embedded system comprising an external input apparatus 130, to which signals of one or more external sensors are inputted, an ECU embedded system 120 for processing and executing signals inputted form the external input apparatus 130, an external output apparatus 140 for receiving and outputting the output signals of the ECU embedding system 120, a vehicle simulator 110 for calculating at real time the signals inputted from the ECU embedded system 120, and for 3D-modeling and outputting the status of the vehicle, and a display 150 for displaying the 3D-modeled vehicle outputted form the vehicle simulator 110.

Abstract: An active material of the present invention has fine pores formed in the interlayer of a carbon material capable of exhibiting electrochemical double layer capacitance. The fine pores are formed by forming an oxidized graphite structure combined with oxygen in the interlayer of a part or whole of the carbon material containing soft carbon and then removing a part or whole of oxygen in the interlayer. A method for producing an energy storage active material for use in an electrochemical double layer capacitor comprises pre-treating a carbon material through heat treatment and oxidizing the pre-treated carbon material using an oxidant. The method further comprises reducing the oxidized carbon material through heat treatment. The interlayer distances of an active material for respective steps, measured by a powder X-ray diffraction method, are 0.33˜0.36 nm in the pre-treatment step, 0.5˜2.1 nm in the oxidation step, and 0.34˜0.5 nm in the reduction step.

Abstract: An apparatus for recovering a clock and data includes a transition detecting circuit and a clock recovery circuit. The transition detecting circuit detects a transition of an input data signal to provide a transition interval of the input data signal. The clock recovery circuit generates a recovered clock based on the input data signal during the transition interval of the input data signal.

Abstract: A sliding mechanism includes at least one member adapted to slide along at least one body wall. The body wall and the sliding member are adapted to mate in at least one designated location when the sliding member is pushed into frictional sliding contact with the body wall from an initial location. A motion detector is operatively coupled to the sliding member. A controller is operatively coupled to the motion detector and adapted to determine whether the sliding member has moved from the initial location to the designated location based on input from the motion detector.

Abstract: A lock detector of a delay-locked loop (DLL) includes a lock detection unit and a bias unit. The lock detection unit generates a charge control signal based on a reference current received from an external source and a plurality of delay signals received from an external voltage-controlled delay line (VCDL), controls a charge current based on the charge control signal, and detects a lock state of the DLL based on a voltage that varies depending on the charge current. The bias unit provides a bias voltage for controlling a magnitude of the charge current. Therefore, the lock detector stably detects a lock state of the DLL.

Abstract: A phase-locked loop circuit including a lock detection function is disclosed. The phase-locked loop circuit comprises a lock detection circuit. The lock detection circuit includes a lock-detection-start-signal generator, a lock-detection-clock generator, and a lock-detection-signal generator. The lock-detection-start-signal generates a lock detection start signal when the pulse width of an up signal and a down signal reaches a predetermined value. The lock-detection-clock generator generates a lock detection clock signal on the basis of the up signal and the down signal. The lock-detection-signal generator counts the lock detection clock signal, and generates the lock detection signal. The phase-locked loop circuit is capable of discriminating the operating regions thereof and outputting a lock detection signal when the locking of phase is completed.

Abstract: A delay-locked loop circuit includes a phase frequency detector, a charge pump, a loop filter, a voltage controlled delay line and a coarse lock detector. The phase frequency detector generates an up signal and a down signal corresponding to phase and frequency differences between an input clock signal and a feedback signal. The charge pump receives the up signal, the down signal and a coarse lock detection signal to generate a current signal. The loop filter receives and filters the current signal through a low-pass filter to generate a direct voltage signal. The voltage controlled delay line receives the input clock signal and the direct voltage signal to generate the feedback signal and control signals. The coarse lock detector receives the control signals to generate the initialization signal and the coarse lock detection signal to adjust Td within Tin/2<Td<2×Tin when Td?2×Tin or Td?Tin/2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polishing slurry, particularly, a slurry for chemical mechanical polishing, which is used in a chemical mechanical polishing process for flattening a semiconductor laminate. More particularly, the present invention provides a method of producing a slurry which has high removal selectivity to a nitride layer used as a barrier film in a shallow trench isolation CMP process needed to fabricate ultra highly integrated semiconductors of 256 mega D-RAM or more (Design rule of 0.13 ?m or less) and which decreases the occurrence of scratches on a flattened surface, and a method of polishing a substrate using the same.

Abstract: Provided is an advertisement apparatus using a light switching device which transmits or shields light according as a power source or heat is supplied or not. The advertisement apparatus includes a light switching device transmitting light when a power source or heat is supplied thereto and shielding light of less than predetermined brightness when a power source or heat is not supplied thereto, or operating in a reverse manner, and an illuminator for illuminating an image onto the light switching device with light whose brightness is greater than the predetermined brightness. The light switching device can be used as the window of a building, and can present images of an advertisement using the illuminator for irradiating light from a projector, for example, to the light switching device. Therefore, the advertisement apparatus using a light switching device can be used for both indoor and outdoor advertising displays.

Abstract: This application relates to monomers of the general formula (I) for the preparation of PNA (peptide nucleic acid) oligomers and provides method for the synthesis of both predefined sequence PNA oligomers and random sequence PNA oligomers: wherein E is nitrogen or C—R?; J is sulfur or oxygen; R?, R1, R2, R3, R4 is independently H, halogen, alkyl, nitro, nitrile, alkoxy, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkoxy, phenyl or halogenated phenyl, R5 is H or protected or unprotected side chain of natural or unnatural ?-amino acid; and B is a natural or unnatural nucleobase, wherein when said nucleobase has an exocyclic amino function, said function is protected by protecting group which is labile to acids but stable to weak to medium bases in the presence of thiol.

Abstract: This application relates to monomers of the general formula (I) for the preparation of PNA (peptide nucleic acid) oligomers and provides method for the synthesis of both predefined sequence PNA oligomers and random sequence PNA oligomers: wherein E is nitrogen or C—R?; J is sulfur or oxygen; R?, R1, R2, R3, R4 is independently H, halogen, alkyl, nitro, nitrile, alkoxy, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkoxy, phenyl or halogenated phenyl, R5 is H or protected or unprotected side chain of natural or unnatural ?-amino acid; and B is a natural or unnatural nucleobase, wherein when said nucleobase has an exocyclic amino function, said function is protected by protecting group which is labile to acids but stable to weak to medium bases in the presence of thiol.

Abstract: This application relates to monomers of the general formula (I) for the preparation of PNA (peptide nucleic acid) oligomers and provides method for the synthesis of both predefined sequence PNA oligomers and random sequence PNA oligomers: wherein E is nitrogen or C—R?; J is sulfur or oxygen; R?, R1, R2, R3, R4 is independently H, halogen, alkyl, nitro, nitrile, alkoxy, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkoxy, phenyl or halogenated phenyl, R5 is H or protected or unprotected side chain of natural or unnatural ?-amino acid; and B is a natural or unnatural nucleobase, wherein when said nucleobase has an exocyclic amino function, said function is protected by protecting group which is labile to acids but stable to weak to medium bases in the presence of thiol.

Abstract: This application relates to monomers of the general formula (I) for the preparation of PNA (peptide nucleic acid) oligomers and provides method for the synthesis of both predefined sequence PNA oligomers and random sequence PNA oligomers: wherein E is nitrogen or C—R?; J is sulfur or oxygen; R?, R1, R2, R3, R4 is independently H, halogen, alkyl, nitro, nitrile, alkoxy, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkoxy, phenyl or halogenated phenyl, R5 is H or protected or unprotected side chain of natural or unnatural ?-amino acid; and B is a natural or unnatural nucleobase, wherein when said nucleobase has an exocyclic amino function, said function is protected by protecting group which is labile to acids but stable to weak to medium bases in the presence of thiol.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polishing slurry and a method of producing the same. The polishing slurry has high selectivity in terms of a polishing speed of an oxide layer to that of a nitride layer used in CMP of an STI process which is essential to produce ultra highly integrated semiconductors having a design rule of 256 mega D-RAM or more, for example, a design rule of 0.13 ?m or less. A method and a device for pre-treating polishing particles, a dispersing device and a method of operating the dispersing device, a method of adding a chemical additive and an amount added, and a device for transferring samples are properly employed to produce a high performance nano ceria slurry essential to CMP for a process of producing ultra highly integrated semiconductors of 0.13 ?m or less, particularly, the STI process.

Abstract: This application relates to monomers of the general formula (I) for the preparation of PNA (peptide nucleic acid) oligomers and provides method for the synthesis of both predefined sequence PNA oligomers and random sequence PNA oligomers: wherein E is nitrogen or C—R?; J is sulfur or oxygen; R?, R1, R2, R3, R4 is independently H, halogen, alkyl, nitro, nitrile, alkoxy, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkoxy, phenyl or halogenated phenyl, R5 is H or protected or unprotected side chain of natural or unnatural ?-amino acid; and B is a natural or unnatural nucleobase, wherein when said nucleobase has an exocyclic amino function, said function is protected by protecting group which is labile to acids but stable to weak to medium bases in the presence of thiol.