Abstract: There are provided a method of a device-to-device (D2D) discovery and an apparatus thereof. The method of the device-to-device discovery performed in a terminal may includes registering a discovery service of the terminal using service information on a service provided from an user; transmitting a discovery transmission activation request to a network in which the terminal is located; receiving a response in response to the discovery transmission activation request from the network; and transmitting a discovery message when the response is an approval message.

Abstract: An inter-cell interference coordination method coordinates interference between cells neighboring each other and belonging to different base stations by broadcasting interference coordination information between the neighboring cells through a broadcast channel. The terminal relays the interference coordination information between the neighboring cells over the air, so that the interference between the neighboring cells belonging to the different base stations is coordinated.

Abstract: Data transmission and reception is provided by configuring control channels in a wireless communication system using a plurality of carriers. User equipment (UE) may monitor physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) candidates within common search spaces (CSSs) and User Equipment-specific search spaces (USSs). If the UE is configured with cross-carrier scheduling, when two PDCCH candidates originating from a CSS and a USS, respectively, have cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by the same Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) and have a common payload size and the same first control channel element (CCE) index, the UE may interpret that only the PDCCH originating from the CSS is transmitted, thereby solving ambiguity of downlink control information (DCI) detection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an adaptive transmitting device using limited feedback information in a mobile communication system, and a method thereof. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the base station transmits a pilot signal to the terminal, the terminal generates channel information by using the pilot signal, generates additional channel information from the channel information, and transmits the channel information and the additional channel information to the base station. The base station determines band allocation, power allocation, and modulation methods for each use by using received feedback information, and transmits modulated traffic data to the terminal according to the determined methods.

Abstract: A vertical type semiconductor device can include a vertical pillar structure that includes a channel pattern with an outer wall. Horizontal insulating structures can be vertically spaced apart from one another along the vertical pillar structure to define first vertical gaps therebetween at first locations away from the outer wall and to define second vertical gaps therebetween at the outer wall, where the second vertical gaps are wider than the first vertical gaps. Horizontal wordline structures can be conformally located in the first and second vertical gaps between the vertically spaced apart horizontal insulating structures, so that the horizontal wordline structures can be vertically thinner across the first vertical gaps than across the second vertical gaps.

Abstract: Provided is a communication system for a multi-cell cooperative communication. A serving base station and at least one neighboring base station may communicate with at least one terminal through mutual cooperation. Each of the serving base station and the at least one neighboring base station may shift a phase of at least one element among elements included in a precoding matrix, using a phase shift matrix, and precode at least one data symbol. A terminal may feed back preferred phase shift matrix information to the serving base station, so that the serving base station and the at least one neighboring base station may adaptively determine a phase shift matrix. The terminal may calculate the phase shift matrix with small calculation amounts. The serving base station, the at least one neighboring base station, and the terminal may pre-store a plurality of candidate matrices with respect to the phase shift matrix.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for establishing a device-to-device link connection and scheduling for device-to-device communication and terminal relaying. The method for operating a terminal according to the present invention comprises the following steps: receiving information on the establishment of a D2D link; reporting a state of a D2D buffer of the D2D link to a base station; and receiving information on the D2D link resource allocation based on the report on the D2D buffer state. The scheduling method for D2D communication according to the present invention enables dynamic scheduling to be performed on a subframe unit basis, and enables semi-continuous scheduling for continuous data transmission for a D2D communication link.

Abstract: Methods of fabricating vertical memory devices are provided including forming a plurality of alternating insulating layers and sacrificial layers on a substrate; patterning and etching the plurality of insulating layer and sacrificial layers to define an opening that exposes at least a portion of a surface of the substrate; forming a charge trapping pattern and a tunnel insulating pattern on a side wall of the opening; forming a channel layer on the tunnel insulating layer on the sidewall of the opening, the channel layer including N-type impurity doped polysilicon; forming a buried insulating pattern on the channel layer in the opening; and forming a blocking dielectric layer and a control gate on the charge trapping pattern of one side wall of the channel layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for generating and transmitting a reference signal in a clustered DFT-spread OFDM transmission scheme. A method for generating and transmitting a DM-RS in a clustered DFT-spread-OFDM scheme comprises: a step of generating DM-RS sequences corresponding to the number of clusters allocated for an uplink transmission; and a step of mapping the generated DM-RS sequences to the relevant DM-RS symbol positions for each cluster. Accordingly, the method for generating and transmitting a reference signal according to the present invention, in which DM-RS sequences are allocated and transmitted on a cluster basis, uses a complete DM-RS sequence for each cluster, and therefore inter-cell interference can be weakened, and problems which might occur when applied to a multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) scheme can be solved.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus includes a layer mapper to map a modulated symbol to a plurality of layers, a layer shifter to uniformly divide the symbol mapped to each of the plurality of layers, in a plurality of time domain streams, and a signal transmission unit to perform a DFT on each of the plurality of time domain streams to generate a plurality of frequency domain streams, and to transmit, to a receiving apparatus. The plurality of frequency domain streams are using a plurality of antennas corresponding to each of the plurality of frequency domain streams.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a channel region, forming a buffer layer on the channel region, and heat-treating the channel region by using a gas containing halogen atoms.

Abstract: Data transmission and reception is provided by configuring control channels in a wireless communication system using a plurality of carriers. User equipment (UE) may monitor physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) candidates within common search spaces (CSSs) and User Equipment-specific search spaces (USSs). If the UE is configured with cross-carrier scheduling, when two PDCCH candidates originating from a CSS and a USS, respectively, have cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by the same Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) and have a common payload size and the same first control channel element (CCE) index, the UE may interpret that only the PDCCH originating from the CSS is transmitted, thereby solving ambiguity of downlink control information (DCI) detection.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for checking whether D2D communication between devices for performing D2D communication is possible, and a method for estimating the proximity of devices to base stations and the proximity of devices to one another for reusing wireless resources in device-to-device communication and terminal relay communication. The method according to the present invention may enable the verification of whether D2D communication is possible between devices to establish a D2D connection, and may enable the wireless resources allocated to a cellular link and to other D2D links to be reused. Further, the method of the present invention may enable variations in a link state caused by terminal mobility to be handled, as well as D2D communication between new UEs and D2D communication between a new UE and a legacy UE, to be handled.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wireless communication system using multiple transmission and reception points. In a wireless communication system having a first transmission and reception point and at least one second transmission and reception point belonging to the same cell, the first transmission and reception point has a wider transmission area than the at least one second transmission and reception point, and the first transmission and reception point and the at least one second transmission and reception point generate downlink transmission signals by using the same physical layer cell ID or virtual cell IDs allocated to each terminal, and then the terminals generate uplink transmission signals by using the allocated virtual cell IDs.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, a silicon oxide layer is formed on a substrate. The silicon oxide layer is treated with a solution comprising ozone. Then, a conductive layer is formed on the silicon oxide layer treated with the solution.

Abstract: A multi-user Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) communication scheme is provided for a terminal to select a precoding vector from column vectors included in a precoding matrix, and to feed back information associated with the selected precoding vector to a base station. The base station may transmit data to the terminal using the precoding vector.

Abstract: Provided is a method of applying a transmission diversity scheme in a multiple cell cooperative communication system in which a terminal may receive, from a plurality of base stations, identical data using an identical radio resource. In the method, base stations of a cooperative base station involved in a cooperative communication may apply the transmission diversity scheme using the same resource as time and frequency resources used to apply the transmission diversity scheme in a base station of a serving base station.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for method for providing cooperative reception diversity based on signal point rearrangement and superposition modulation performed at a relay station is discussed. A first technique performs superposition modulation at a relay station and a second technique employs signal point rearrangement at a relay station. The superposition modulation is a different type of superposition modulation than that employed by the transmitter of the signal. Similarly, the signal point rearrangement is a different type of signal point rearrangement than that employed by the transmitter of the signal. As a result of the superposition modulation or signal point rearrangement performed by the relay station, the reliability of a signal received by a reception unit at the destination receiver is improved.

Abstract: Provided is a precoding matrix design method for a cooperative communication of multiple base stations in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system. A method of designing a precoding matrix in a base station of the MIMO communication system may include: determining whether to use a cooperative communication; verifying a cooperative base station when the cooperative communication is determined to be used; selecting a precoding matrix to be applied by a home base station and the cooperative base station; and requesting the home base station and the cooperative base station for the cooperative communication using the selected precoding matrix.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a channel region extending in a vertical direction perpendicular to a substrate and having a nitrogen concentration distribution, a plurality of gate electrodes arranged on a side wall of the channel region and separated from each other in a vertical direction, and a gate dielectric layer disposed between the channel region and the gate electrodes. The nitrogen concentration distribution has a first concentration near an interface between the channel region and the gate dielectric layer.