Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) semiconductor memory device includes an electrode separation pattern, a stack structure, a data storage layer, and a channel structure. The electrode separation pattern is disposed on a substrate. A stack structure is disposed on a sidewall of the electrode separation pattern. The stack structure includes a corrugated sidewall opposite to the sidewall of the electrode separation pattern. The sidewall of the electrode separation pattern is vertical to the substrate. A data storage layer is disposed on the corrugated sidewall. A channel structure is disposed on the charge storage layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling interference in a heterogeneous network environment. The method for controlling the inter-cell interference of a base station according to one aspect of the present invention comprises the following steps: transmitting, to a terminal, information relating to subframes in which a portion of a resource is to be punctured; transmitting, to the terminal, a relevant subframe in which a portion of a resource is punctured on the basis of the information relating to said subframes. A method for controlling the inter-cell interference of a base station according to another aspect of the present invention comprises the following steps: setting a resource for transmitting system information; and transmitting system information using only said resource for transmitting system information, or preferentially using said resource for transmitting system information when transmitting system information using a subframe designated as an almost blank subframe (ABS).

Abstract: Provided is a technology adopting multiple transmit antennas in a radio communication system. In a mobile communication system of a signal carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) scheme, it is possible to transmit data using the multiple transmit antennas, while maintaining a peak to average power ratio (PAPR) to be low. Also, it is possible to provide a new transmit diversity transmission even in a general radio communication system including an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), a code division multiple access (CDMA) scheme, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for allocating radio resources in a wireless communication system. Subframes that use only a particular terminal or a particular terminal group are allocated through the period, offset, and number of subframes that are consecutively used, or the subframes are allocated through the period, offset, and bitmap for subframes that are available within one or a plurality of frames, whereby radio resources are effectively allocated.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus, including: a first encoding unit to encode first layer data based on a first encoding scheme and generate first encoded data; a second encoding unit to encode both the first encoded data and second layer data based on a second encoding scheme and generate second encoded data; and a transmission unit to transmit the second encoded data to a receiving apparatus.

Abstract: Provided are a data transmission method in a communication system and a relay performing the same. The data transmission method in a communication system includes receiving, at a relay, an uplink buffer status report (BSR) of a terminal from the terminal, including the uplink BSR of the terminal received by the relay in an uplink BSR to be transmitted from the relay to a base station to generate a combined uplink BSR, and transmitting the combined uplink BSR to the base station even before the relay receives data stored in an uplink buffer of the terminal from the terminal. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the transmission delay of the communication system including a relay.

Abstract: A type 1 system and a type 2 system are classified according to whether carrier aggregation is used. A shared component carrier is used for both a type 1 terminal and a type 2 terminal, whereas a dedicated component carrier is used only for the type 2 terminal. Also, a type 2 base station transmits broadcast information by using a shared component carrier. In this instance, the broadcast information includes the shared broadcast information used for both the type 1 terminal and the type 2 terminal and the dedicated broadcast information only for the type 2 terminal. Also, the type 2 base station indicates component carriers that are used by the type 2 terminal, by using a semi-static component carrier indicator or a dynamic component carrier indicator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling uplink transmit power in a mobile communication system. A mobile communication includes a first base station and a second base station which are located in two mutually adjacent cells, respectively, at least one base station of the first and second base stations which generate a subframe offset of transmit power (SOTP), and transmits a subframe offset of transmit power generated by at least one base station of the first and second base stations to at least one terminal which belongs to a corresponding cell. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce signaling times for transmit power control, and to accurately control transmit power.

Abstract: Provided are node authentication and node operation methods within service and access networks for bundle authentication between the service and access networks in a next generation network (NGN). A method of authentication processing of a node (S-CSC-FE/I-CSC-FE (Serving Call Session Control Functional Entity/Interrogating Call Session Control Functional Entity)) within a service network for bundle authentication between service and access networks, the method including: receiving first authentication information about access authentication of a terminal from a first node within the service networks; requesting to receive second authentication information from a second node within the service network based on the first authentication information; and comparing the first authentication information with the second authentication information to authenticate the terminal.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes gate structures including a tunnel insulating layer pattern, a floating gate, a dielectric layer pattern and a control gate sequentially disposed on a substrate. The control gate includes an impurity doped polysilicon layer pattern and a metal layer pattern. The gate structures are spaced apart from each other on the substrate. A capping layer pattern is disposed on a sidewall portion of the metal layer pattern and includes a metal oxide. An insulating layer covers the gate structures and the capping layer pattern. The insulating layer is formed on the substrate and includes an air-gap therein.

Abstract: A method for selecting beams, a switched beam operation method during an initial synchronization process, and an initial synchronization method using it are provided for selecting beams to minimize the probability of occurrence of interferences between cells by considering a distance between beams within neighboring sectors during an initial synchronization process using switched beams, in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) cellular system employing a smart antenna. The inventive method comprises the steps of dividing each cell into sectors, and counting the number of fixed beams per cell, and selecting a switched beam for minimizing probability of interference, from fixed beams presenting in a corresponding sector, based on distances between a selected beam and beams of all of adjacent cells and the number of cases to be selected in a subsequent time slot, according to the counted number of the fixed beams existing in each sector.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for directly transmitting and receiving data between terminals in a frequency division duplexing (FDD)-type and time division duplexing (TDD)-type mobile communication system. For FDD-type systems, provided are methods for performing direct data transmission and reception between terminals on the basis of a downlink subframe time interval and methods for performing direct data transmission and reception between terminals on the basis of an uplink subframe time interval. For TDD-type systems, provided are methods for performing direct data transmission and reception between terminals in a downlink subframe and methods for performing direct data transmission and reception between terminals in an uplink subframe. Additionally, for each method, provided are systems for performing only reception or transmission in one subframe and systems for performing both reception and transmission in one subframe.

Abstract: According to example embodiments, a semiconductor device includes horizontal patterns stacked on a substrate. The horizontal patterns define an opening through the horizontal patterns. A first core pattern is in the opening. A second core pattern is in the opening on the first core pattern. A first active pattern is between the first core pattern and the horizontal patterns. A second active pattern containing a first element is between the second core pattern and the horizontal patterns. The second active pattern contains the first element at a higher concentration than a concentration of the first element in the second core pattern.

Abstract: Provided is a machine type communication system. The machine type communication system comprises a machine type communication terminal and a machine type communication server. The machine type communication terminal may be applied to a navigation of a vehicle, a sensor network of a bridge, and the like, to transmit data to the machine type communication server using a wireless network.

Abstract: A relay method of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present invention relates to a relay method of a wireless communication system in which at least one relay device communicates with a base station. The relay method comprises the steps of: each relay device setting information about a frequency band to be relayed, composing a control signal including the information about the set frequency band, and transmitting the control signal to at least one relay device; and receiving the control signal, extracting the information about the frequency band included in the control signal, amplifying the signal according to the information about the frequency band set in each relay device, and transmitting the amplified signal to at least one terminal.

Abstract: A method of transmitting and receiving a control channel in a wireless communication system is provided. A base station allocates a data channel to a radio resource, adds start position information of the data channel into a payload of a control channel, and performs signaling for indication information on the start position information added into the payload of the control channel to a terminal. Accordingly, the legacy system and the enhanced system can efficiently transmit a control channel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multiple antenna transmitting/receiving apparatus that performs a hybrid automatic repeat request, and a retransmission method thereof. An initial transmission signal is encoded into the form of an initial transmission matrix and transmitted to the receiving apparatus, the initial transmission matrix corresponding to a linear dispersion code, with a result of error checking performed on the initial transmission signal by the receiving apparatus. When an error is detected in the initial transmission signal, a first retransmission signal is generated by encoding the initial transmission signal in the form of a retransmission matrix and transmitted to the receiving apparatus. The retransmission matrix is formed of constituent elements of the initial transmission matrix but different from the initial transmission matrix, and corresponds to a linear dispersion code having the same capacity and diversity gain as those of the initial transmission matrix.

Abstract: A technology enabling a base station to transmit acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information about data received from a terminal is provided. A cyclic shift value difference of each terminal may be maximized and a radio resource for transmitting the ACK/NACK information may be assigned without collision.

Abstract: An apparatus for adaptively modulating/demodulating signals in a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system having a layered time-space architecture detector and a method thereof is disclosed. The apparatus includes: a bit and power allocation information calculator for deciding an equivalent channel gain in a reverse order of Vertical-Bell laboratories Space Time (V-BLAST) based on MIMO channel information feedbacked from a receiver and determining the number of bits and transmission power to be transmitted to each transmitting antenna by using the equivalent channel gain; and adaptive modulation means for modulating signal of each layer with corresponding modulation method based on the determined number of bits and transmitting power, controlling the transmitting power and transmitting the adaptively modulated signal through each transmitting antenna.

Abstract: Disclosed is a decoding apparatus for LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) codes when receiving data encoded with LDPC codes on a channel having consecutive output values, and a method thereof. The decoding method for LDPC codes uses sequential decoding and includes the following steps: (a) the nodes are divided according to a parity-check matrix into check nodes for a parity-check message and variable nodes for a bit message; (b) the check nodes are divided into a predetermined number of subsets; (c) the LDPC codeword of each subset for all the check nodes is sequentially decoded; (d) an output message is generated for verifying validity of the decoding result; and (e) the steps (b), (c), and (d) are iteratively performed by a predetermined number of iterations.