Abstract: A method for automatically setting the rider roll/glue applicator roll gap for the single face web on a glue machine senses a forward drag that the single face web, operating at corrugator speed, exerts on the glue applicator roll, driven at an underspeed, after bringing the flute tips of the single face web into contact with the glue applicator roll by adjusting the position of the rider roll. Changes in forward drag exerted on the glue applicator roll are monitored and related directly to glue applicator roll drive current to provide a slight compression of the single face web between the rider roll and the glue applicator roll. Preferably, the glue applicator roll uses a regenerative drive and the target drive current command in a feedback control system to cause the gap to be adjusted to achieve the desired slight compression of the web flutes and to maintain the glue applicator roll under speed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for facilitating efficient order change in the dry end conversion of a corrugated paperboard web by looking ahead to as many as three orders scheduled to follow the running order and repositioning slit tools and score tools to unused positions in anticipation of the orders to follow. The method is particularly effective to preset the slit and score tools for an order that follows a short order that may have a running time as short as 20 seconds.

Abstract: Clutch pressure or servo motor torque profiling is applied to the powered capstan roll in a corrugator web splicer to control tension in the paper in the accelerating new paper roll to bring the new roll up to line speed more quickly and without causing web tear out.

Abstract: A block of a solid lubricant material, such as PTFE, is biased continuously or intermittently against the cutting edge of a rotary slitting blade for corrugated paperboard. The solid lubricant block prevents the build up of starch adhesive and biasing movement compensates for wear of the block and wear of the cutting blade edge.

Abstract: A method for facilitating the offset or contingent trading of commodity contracts comprising: providing a futures exchange wherein a futures or option contract based on a first commodity of a commodity type is traded; and automatically registering a trade of the futures or options contract on the futures exchange at a market price for the futures or options contract when an over the counter contract for a second commodity of the commodity type is traded.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing an order change in a corrugator uses a minimum slit head configuration with all slit heads carried on two sides of a single tool support structure. A single robot is operable on the support structure to independently reset the positions of slit heads during a running order to prepare for subsequent order change in a most efficient manner, utilizing order scheduling that eliminates order changes that cannot be formed with the minimum slit head configuration.

Abstract: A vacuum chamber 2 has walls having an inner layer 20 of a gas impermeable electrically non-conductive material and an outer layer 22 of a different electrically non-conducting material. The inner layer 20 is a polymeric film layer of Kapton® polyimide. The outer layer 22 is a composite material which includes reinforcing carbon or glass fibers bound in a matrix of epoxy resin. The vacuum chamber has end flanges for attaching it to adjacent parts of a vacuum system. The vacuum chamber is made by placing a sheet of Kapton® material around a mould and sealing its ends together. The composite material is then wound onto the inner layer in its wet form to provide the outer layer. The outer layer material is then cured to dry the epoxy resin, binding the layer to the inner layer, and the multi-layer structure removed from the mould. The vacuum chamber is particularly suitable for use in an ion implantation system in the presence of a time varying magnetic field.

Abstract: An order transition in a corrugated is accomplished by creating an overlap of the slits made by the slitting tools associated with the expiring (running) and new orders. However, the slit tool associated with the innermost slit between the upper and lower level outs is maintained in slitting contact with the board to extend the slit line into further overlap with the slits made by the new order tools to create an order change region. A lateral cut is made to connect the innermost slit between the upper and lower level outs on the new order and the slit created by the tool delayed from withdrawal in the running order.

Abstract: An order transition in a corrugated is accomplished by creating an overlap of the slits made by the slitting tools associated with the expiring (running) and new orders. However, the slit tool associated with the innermost slit between the upper and lower level outs is maintained in slitting contact with the board to extend the slit line into further overlap with the slits made by the new order tools to create an order change region. A lateral cut is made to connect the innermost slit between the upper and lower level outs on the new order and the slit created by the tool delayed from withdrawal in the running order. Trim cut transitions are handled in the same manner.

Abstract: A method for facilitating the offset or contingent trading of commodity contracts comprising: providing a futures exchange wherein a futures or option contract based on a first commodity of a commodity type is traded; and automatically registering a trade of the futures or options contract on the futures exchange at a market price for the futures or options contract when an over the counter contract for a second commodity of the commodity type is traded.

Abstract: A method for facilitating the offset or contingent trading of commodity contracts comprising: providing a futures exchange wherein a futures or option contract based on a first commodity of a commodity type is traded; and automatically registering a trade of the futures or options contract on the futures exchange at a market price for the futures or options contract when an over the counter contract for a second commodity of the commodity type is traded.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the anaerobic treatment of waste water is described which includes a plug flow bioreactor containing a single bed of inert microbial attachment media and anaerobic microorganisms, and having at least one baffle member which forms a first zone and at least one second zone above the bed of inert microbial attachment media within the plug flow bioreactor.

Abstract: An order transition in a corrugated is accomplished by creating an overlap of the slits made by the slitting tools associated with the expiring (running) and new orders. However, the slit tool associated with the innermost slit between the upper and lower level outs is maintained in slitting contact with the board to extend the slit line into further overlap with the slits made by the new order tools to create an order change region. A lateral cut is made to connect the innermost slit between the upper and lower level outs on the new order and the slit created by the tool delayed from withdrawal in the running order. Trim cut transitions are handled in the same manner.

Abstract: An angle measurement system for an ion beam includes a flag defining first and second features, wherein the second feature has a variable spacing from the first feature, a mechanism to translate the flag along a translation path so that the flag intercepts at least a portion of the ion beam, and a sensing device to detect the ion beam for different flag positions along the translation path and produce a sensor signal in response to the detected ion beam. The sensor signal and corresponding positions of the flag are representative of a vertical beam angle of the ion beam in a vertical plane. The sensing device may include a mask and a mechanism to translate the mask in order to define a beam current sensor on a portion of an associated Faraday sensor.

Abstract: Clutch pressure or servo motor torque profiling is applied to the powered capstan roll in a corrugator web splicer to control tension in the paper in the accelerating new paper roll to bring the new roll up to line speed more quickly and without causing web tear out.

Abstract: An ion implanter includes a source of a stationary, planar ion beam, a set of beamline components that steer the ion beam along a normal beam path as determined by first operating parameter values, an end station that mechanically scans the wafer across the normal beam path, and control circuitry that responds to a glitch in the ion beam during implantation pass to (1) immediately alter an operating parameter of at least one of the beamline components to a second value to direct the ion beam away from the normal beam path and thereby cease implantation at an implantation transition location on the wafer, (2) subsequently move the wafer to an implantation-resuming position in which the implantation transition location on the wafer lies directly on the normal path of the ion beam, and (3) return the operating parameter to its first value to direct the ion beam along the normal beam path and resume ion implantation at the implantation transition location on the wafer.

Abstract: An order transition in a corrugated is accomplished by creating an overlap of the slits made by the slitting tools associated with the expiring (running) and new orders. However, the slit tool associated with the innermost slit between the upper and lower level outs is maintained in slitting contact with the board to extend the slit line into further overlap with the slits made by the new order tools to create an order change region. A lateral cut is made to connect the innermost slit between the upper and lower level outs on the new order and the slit created by the tool delayed from withdrawal in the running order.

Abstract: A system is provided for synchronizing the end of order cutoff for a plunge slit order change on a corrugator that minimizes scrap and cuts the end order sheets to a length and width such that jam-ups at order change are eliminated. The system detects a transverse edge discontinuity immediately prior to end of order cutoff and, in conjunction with a prior calculation comparing sheet lengths and order end positions between upper and lower webs, positions an upstream transverse partial web slit at an optimum order end position such that the entire web is ultimately cut on the partial sever at an optimum position for scrap minimization and scrap sheet size and shape.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus and method wherein a blade holder includes two blades which are each designed for cutting web material (e.g., dry film photoresist) in a reverse manner prior to application of the material to a substrate (e.g., dielectric-conductor structure) designed for eventual usage as a printed circuit board or as part thereof (e.g., if laminated up with other, similarly formed substrate members).

Abstract: A system is provided for synchronizing the end of order cutoff for a plunge slit order change on a corrugator that minimizes scrap and cuts the end order sheets to a length and width such that jam-ups at order change are eliminated. The system detects a transverse edge discontinuity immediately prior to end of order cutoff and, in conjunction with a prior calculation comparing sheet lengths and order end positions between upper and lower webs, positions an upstream transverse partial web slit at an optimum order end position such that the entire web is ultimately cut on the partial sever at an optimum position for scrap minimization and scrap sheet size and shape.