Patent number: 5576469
Abstract: The process for the ammoxidation of a C.sub.3 to C.sub.5 paraffinic hydrocarbon to its corresponding .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated hydrocarbon comprising reacting the C.sub.3 to C.sub.5 paraffinic hydrocarbon with ammonia and oxygen in a fluid bed reactor at a temperature of between 250.degree. C. to 600.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst having the empirical formula as follows:V.sub.v Sb.sub.m A.sub.a D.sub.d O.sub.xwherein A when present is Sn and/or Ti;D when present is one or more of Li, Mg, Na, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Fe, Cr, Ga, Ni, Zn, Ge, Nb, Zr, Mo, W, Cu, Te, Ta, Se, Bi, Ce, In, As, B, Al, P and Mn; andwherein v is 1, m is 0.5-75, a is 0 to 25, d is 0 to 25, and x is determined by the oxidation state of the cations present,and a minor quantity of an halogen-containing component, preferably characterized by the following formula:R--X or X.sub.2where R=Hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyland X=F, Cl, Br, I or mixtures thereof.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 5, 1995
Date of Patent:
November 19, 1996
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
James F. Brazdil, Jr., Fernando A. P. Cavalcanti
Patent number: 5498588
Abstract: The process of manufacturing a catalyst having the following empirical formula:VSb.sub.m A.sub.a D.sub.d O.sub.xwhere A is one or more of Ti, Sn, Fe, Cr, Ga, Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Ni, Zn, Ge, Nb, Zr, Mo, W, Cu, Te, Ta, Se, Bi, Ce, In, As, B and Mn,D is one or more of Li, Ag, Fe, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, (VO).sup.2+, (PW.sub.12 O.sub.40).sup.3- and (PMo.sub.12 O.sub.40).sup.3-m is from about 0.5 to 10a is 0.01 to 10d is 0.0001 to 2.0, preferably 0.0001 to 0.1;x=number of oxygen ions necessary to satisfy the valency requirementcomprising forming a catalyst precursor having the formula VSbmAaOx wherein m, A, a and x are defined above, adding at least one D element to the surface of said catalyst precursor and calcining the surface modified catalyst precursor to produce said catalyst.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 9, 1994
Date of Patent:
March 12, 1996
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
James F. Brazdil, Fernando A. P. Cavalcanti
Patent number: 5068215
Abstract: A multi-component oxide catalyst comprising zinc and an alkali metal is described which is useful particularly for converting methane and/or natural gas to higher molecular weight hydrocarbon products such as ethane and ethylene. The catalyst is characterized by the formulaZn.sub.a A.sub.b M.sub.c M'.sub.d O.sub.xwhereinA is Li, Na, K, or mixtures thereof;M is Al, Ga, Cr, La, Y, Sc, V, Nb, Ta, Cu or mixtures thereof;M' is Cs, Rb, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sm, Pb, Mn, Sb, P, Sn, Bi, Ti, Zr, Hf, or mixtures thereof;a is from about 1 to about 20;b is from about 0.1 to about 20;c is from about 0 to about 5;d is from about 0 to about 20; andx is a number needed to fulfill the valence requirements of the other elements; provided that(i) at least one of c and d is at least 0.1; and(ii) when M' is Sn, c must be at least 0.1.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 11, 1989
Date of Patent:
November 26, 1991
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Joseph P. Bartek, James F. Brazdil, Jr., John M. Hupp, Robert K. Grasselli
Patent number: 5008427
Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated mononitrile, acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, by the catalytic reaction in the vapor phase of a paraffin selected from propane and isobutane with molecular oxygen and ammonia and optionally a gaseous diluent, by catalytic contact of the foregoing reactants in a reaction zone with a catalyst, the feed to said reaction zone containing a mole ratio of said paraffin to NH.sub.3 in the rnage from 2.5 to 16 and a mole ratio of said paraffin to O.sub.2 in the range from 1 to 10, said catalyst having the elements and the proportions indicated by the empirical formula:VSb.sub.m A.sub.a D.sub.d O.sub.xwhereA is one or more Ti, Sn, Fe, Cr, GaD is one or more Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Ni, Zn, Ge, Nb, Zr, Mo, W, Cu, Te, Ta, Se, Bi, Ce, In, As, B, Mn andm is 0.8-4a is 0.01-2d is 0-2x is determined by the oxidation state of the cations present,which catalyst has been heated at a calcination temperature of at least 780.degree. C.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 23, 1988
Date of Patent:
April 16, 1991
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
James F. Brazdil, Jr., Mark A. Toft, Linda C. Glaeser