Abstract: Disclosed are dispersed hydrated sodium borate compositions, as well as additive packages and finished oil compositions comprising the same. The dispersed hydrated sodium borate compositions of this invention exhibit decreased turbidity and the finished oil compositions improved water tolerance when the hydroxyl to boron ratio is carefully controlled.

Abstract: Disclosed are lubricant compositions comprising a dispersed hydrated alkali metal borate and a polyalkylene succinic anhydride, a mixture of polyalkylene succinic anhydrides or derivatives thereof. Also disclosed are methods for improving the water tolerance of a lubricant composition comprising an alkali metal borate. Such methods employ compositions comprising a dispersed hydrated alkali metal borate and a polyalkylene succinic anhydride, a mixture of polyalkylene succinic anhydrides or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing a mixture of (1) a copolymer of a polyalkene and an unsaturated acidic reagent and (2) a polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent, said process comprising (a) copolymerizing (1) a polyalkene containing alkylvinylidene isomer and non-alkylvinylidene isomers and (2) an unsaturated acidic reagent under polymerization conditions in the presence of a free radical initiator; and (b) reacting the product of step (a) with an unsaturated acidic reagent at elevated temperature in the presence of a strong acid. The product of the process can be used to make polysuccinimides that are useful in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: Provided is a polyalkenyl sulfonic acid composition comprising a mixture of polyalkenyl sulfonic acids derived from a mixture of polyalkenes comprising greater than 20 mole percent alkyl vinylidene and 1,1-dialkyl isomers, and a method for making the composition. Also provided are low and high overbased sulfonates made from the mixture of polyalkenyl sulfonic acids, and lubricating oils containing the sulfonates.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions; then treating the reaction product with either a cyclic carbonate or a linear mono- or polycarbonate or boron compound under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 1800 to 3000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer has a Mn of from 2000 to 4800, and is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an olefin having an average of from 14 to 30 carbon atoms. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The mixture contains from 1.5 to 10 equivalents of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative per equivalent of unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer and from 0.4 to 1.0 moles of polyamine per equivalent of alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative plus unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition has a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, a minor amount of a carbonated sulfurized metal alkyl phenate and, a minor amount of a carbonated metal alkyl aryl sulfonate. The total base equivalents donated by the phenate is more than 85% of the total base equivalents donated by the phenate and sulfonate. The composition also has alkenyl or alkyl succinimide additives that are the reaction product of a high molecular weight alkenyl- or alkyl-substituted succinic anhydride and a polyalkylene polyamine having an average of greater than four nitrogen atoms per mole, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with a cyclic carbonate.

Abstract: A haze-free post-treated succinimide prepared by treating an alkenyl or alkyl succinimide with an oil-soluble, strong acid and contacting the treated succinimide with a cyclic carbonate to form the haze-free post-treated succinimide. The time, temperature, and acid concentration of the treating step and the time and temperature of contacting step are adjusted, in combination, to form the post-treated succinimide haze-free.

Abstract: A polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent prepared by the process of reacting a polyalkene having a Mn of at least 300 with an unsaturated acidic reagent at elevated temperatures in the absence of a strong acid until at least 25% of the polyalkene is converted to a polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent, continuing the reaction of the polyalkene with an excess of the unsaturated acidic reagent at elevated temperatures in the presence of a strong acid to convert at least some of the unreacted polyalkene to additional polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent, and removing the unreacted unsaturated acidic reagent.

Abstract: A polysuccinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 140 to 3000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer has an average degree of polymerization of from 2 to 20, and is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an olefin having a Mn of at least 1000. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and has from 4 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of a polyalkenyl derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The polyalkenyl derivative is produced by reacting an unsaturated acidic reagent with a polyalkene in the presence of a strong acid. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an olefin.

Abstract: A polysuccinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 140 to 3000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer has an average degree of polymerization of from 2 to 20, and is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an olefin having a Mn of at least 1000. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and has from 4 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A polyalkylene succinimide composition prepared by reacting a mixture of an acid derivative, a polycarboxylic acid derivative; and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The acid derivative can be an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, a copolymer of a first unsaturated acidic reagent and a 1,1-disubstituted olefin, or mixtures of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative and the copolymer. The total reaction mixture contains from 4 to 40 wt. % of the polycarboxylic acid derivative, and contains from 0.1 to 1.5 equivalents of polyamine per equivalent of acidic groups of the acid derivative plus the acidic groups of the polycarboxylic acid derivative.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 1000 to 5000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an alkylene group. That alkylene group can be an .alpha.-olefin having 8 to 42 carbon atoms, a polyalkylene having from 8 to 28 carbon atoms, ethylene, styrene, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl alkyl ether having at least 3 carbon atoms, or vinyl alkanoate having at least 4 carbon atoms. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The mixture contains from 0.5 to 10 equivalents of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative per equivalent of unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer and from 0.4 to 1.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 1000 to 5000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an alkylene group. That alkylene group can be an .alpha.-olefin having 8 to 42 carbon atoms, a polyalkylene having from 8 to 28 carbon atoms, ethylene, styrene, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl alkyl ether having at least 3 carbon atoms, or vinyl alkanoate having at least 4 carbon atoms. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The mixture contains from 0.5 to 10 equivalents of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative per equivalent of unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer and from 0.4 to 1.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 1000 to 5000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an alkylene group. That alkylene group can be an .alpha.-olefin having 8 to 42 carbon atoms, a polyalkylene having from 8 to 28 carbon atoms, ethylene, styrene, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl alkyl ether having at least 3 carbon atoms, or vinyl alkanoate having at least 4 carbon atoms. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The mixture contains from 0.5 to 10 equivalents of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative per equivalent of unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer and from 0.4 to 1.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 1000 to 5000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an alkylene group. That alkylene group can be an .alpha.-olefin having 8 to 42 carbon atoms, a polyalkylene having from 8 to 28 carbon atoms, ethylene, styrene, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl alkyl ether having at least 3 carbon atoms, or vinyl alkanoate having at least 4 carbon atoms. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The mixture contains from 0.5 to 10 equivalents of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative per equivalent of unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer and from 0.4 to 1.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 1000 to 5000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an alkylene group. That alkylene group can be an .alpha.-olefin having 8 to 42 carbon atoms, a polyalkylene having from 8 to 28 carbon atoms, ethylene, styrene, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl alkyl ether having at least 3 carbon atoms, or vinyl alkanoate having at least 4 carbon atoms. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The mixture contains from 0.5 to 10 equivalents of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative per equivalent of unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer and from 0.4 to 1.

Abstract: A terpolymer having an average M.sub.n of from 600 to 100,000 is obtained by the terpolymerization of a 1-olefin having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, maleic anhydride, and a 1,1 -disubstituted polyisobutylene having an average M.sub.n of from 500 to 5,000.

Abstract: A polysuccinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of a copolymer of a first unsaturated acidic reagent and a 1,1-disubstituted olefin; a copolymer of a second unsaturated acidic reagent and a 1-olefin, and a polyamine under reactive conditions; then treating the reaction product with either a cyclic carbonate or a linear mono- or polycarbonate or boron compound under reactive conditions. The two unsaturated acidic reagents can be the same or different. The mixture contains from 0.1 to 1.5 equivalents of polyamine per equivalent of acidic groups of the first and second copolymers.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions; then treating the reaction product with either a cyclic carbonate or a linear mono- or polycarbonate or boron compound under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 1800 to 3000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer has a Mn of from 2000 to 4800, and is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an olefin having an average of from 14 to 30 carbon atoms. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The mixture contains from 1.5 to 10 equivalents of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative per equivalent of unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer and from 0.4 to 1.0 moles of polyamine per equivalent of alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative plus unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer.