Abstract: A sense amplifier is provided for reading data in a multiple-state memory cell of a resistive memory array in response to a read voltage applied across the sensed memory cell, including a differential amplifier having first and second input nodes. A sense circuit determines the current in the memory cell with the read voltage applied thereto and applies a sense current representative of the memory cell current to the first input node of the differential amplifier. A reference circuit has first and second resistive elements for applying a reference current to the second input node of the differential amplifier to provide a reference value against which to compare the sense current to determine the state of the memory cell. The first resistive element has a resistance representative of a first state of the memory cell, and the second resistive element has a resistance representative of a second state of the memory cell.

Abstract: A transmission control wherein modulating solenoid valves provide for continued governor and accumulator trim boost in the event of a malfunction in either the electrical or the hydraulic system. The transmission control provides redundancy to permit continued operation in the event one of the modulating solenoid valves fails. A single interlock valve is employed to prevent the two modulating solenoid valves from pressurizing the governor and the trim boost circuits when the transmission is operating in the reverse drive range.

Abstract: A hydraulic control for an automatically shifted power transmission has an electronically controlled governor pressure source which provides a speed and throttle sensitive pressure for controlling the shift points and trim boost in the transmission control. An inhibitor circuit is activated in the event of a discontinuance of the electrical control, resulting in maximum governor pressure, to permit selected vehicle operation in one forward ratio and a reverse ratio. Each ratio interchange is controlled by a respective shift valve and clutch control valve. Each clutch control valve has an integral trim control which is effective to control the pressure rise in the on-coming clutch without bypassing fluid to an exhaust. Also during a ratio interchange, an off-going clutch is controlled at a reduced pressure during a portion of the ratio interchange.

Abstract: A hydraulic control for an automatically shifted power transmission has an electronically controlled governor pressure source which provides a speed and throttle sensitive pressure for controlling the shift points and trim boost in the transmission control. An inhibitor circuit is activated in the event of a discontinuance of the electrical control, resulting in maximum governor pressure, to permit selected vehicle operation in one forward ratio and a reverse ratio. Each ratio interchange is controlled by a respective shift valve and clutch control valve. Each clutch control valve has an integral trim control which is effective to control the pressure rise in the on-coming clutch without bypassing fluid to an exhaust. Also during a ratio interchange, an off-going clutch is controlled at a reduced pressure during a portion of the ratio interchange.

Abstract: An automatic transmission drive ratio control for operating a five speed automatic transmission is provided. The control is particularly adapted for use with a twin countershaft automatic transmission that requires only one torque transfer device for each drive ratio. A system of valves is employed to direct the flow of pressurized fluid necessary for the on-going actuation of each drive ratio and the simultaneous off-going actuation of the previously actuated drive ratio. The flow control for actuating and deactuating the torque control devices is directly effected by a two-position spool valve operating in concert with a rotary valve, pressurized hydraulic fluid used to position the spool valve and the rotary valve is primarily provided by three on/off solenoid shift control valves.

Abstract: A hydraulic control for operating a five speed automatic transmission with two modulating solenoid valves. The control is particularly adapted for use with a twin countershaft automatic transmission that requires only one torque transfer device for each drive ratio. A system of valves is employed to direct the flow of the pressurized fluid necessary for the on-going actuation of each drive ratio and the simultaneously off-going deactuation of the previously actuated drive ratio. The flow control for actuating and deactuating the torque control devices is directly effected by two, two-position spool valves which operate in concert with two, two-position shuttle valves. Pressurized hydraulic fluid used to position the two-position spool valves and the two-position shuttle valves is primarily provided by two on/off solenoid control valves, but a third on/off inhibitor solenoid valve may also be employed.

Abstract: Each memory cell of an x-y addressable semiconductor memory includes a charge storage element serially connected with an I-O (bit) line through a pair of CCD-type transfer gates. One gate is responsive to x-addressing and the other gate to y-addressing.When an x-y address is selected only the charge storage element of the one selected memory cell communicates with the bit line.