Abstract: A highly fluorinated benzene compound is reacted with acryloyl chloride to ield a fluorinated liquid product which is used to impregnate a reinforcing structure. Upon impregnation, the liquid material is polymerized at about 55.degree. C. to produce a reinforced polymeric structure, which can be a circuit board. The polymer has dielectric constant of about 2.1, which is very low compared to the polymers used presently.

Abstract: A power amplifier for microwave frequencies utilizes a FET device operating from a common voltage source. The voltage source has the positive terminal coupled to the drain electrode of the FET. The gate electrode of the FET is adapted to receive a RF signal while the source electrode of the FET includes a voltage limiting diode that is in parallel across the source impedance. In operation the extra current required from the voltage source during power amplification is passed through the diode and the FET source bypass capacitor. This results in the FET source voltage remaining relatively constant to enable improved power and gain operation.

Abstract: An infinite network polymer containing fluorine as a coating or cladding material for optical fibers. Fluoropolymers, such as silicone amine C.sub.0 -C.sub.16 fluoroepoxy resin and cis-trans fluoropolyol polyacrylate, reduce water permeability because of the bonding between the fluoropolymer and the substrate. The fluoropolymers exhibit substantially increased moisture resistance when compared to conventional fiber coating materials. Variations in chemical structure effect physical properties of the polymer and different compounds can be chosen for their desired physical properties, such as moisture resistance or abrasion resistance. Incorporation of fluorine into the polymer structure lowers the index of refraction such that the polymer can be used as a cladding for silica glass in an optical fiber. One fluoropolymer formulation allows in-line coating of the optical fiber in a oxygen environment.

Abstract: A highly fluorinated benzene compound is reacted with acryloyl chloride to ield a fluorinated liquid product which is used to impregnate a reinforcing structure. Upon impregnation, the liquid material is polymerized at about 55.degree.C. to produce a reinforced polymeric structure, which can be a circuit board. The polymer has dielectric constant of about 2.1, which is very low compared to the polymers used presently.

Abstract: Fluoroepoxy resins for use in computer composite circuit boards. A "glass state" curing agent containing a fluorinated monoanhydride, a fluorinated dianhydride and a catalyst is compounded at a temperature of about 210.degree. C. The curing agent is blended with di- and tri-functional epoxy resins at 100.degree. C. or higher to give homogeneous fast-curing syrups. Fluoroepoxy resins inherently have low dielectric constants. This method produces a fluoroepoxy resin with higher crosslink densities and higher glass transition temperatures.

Abstract: A fluoroacrylate ester monomer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms and R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl. The monomer has a water-repellent "umbrella" of 3 gem bis trifluoromethyl groups around the acrylate monomer which do not interfere with the acrylate properties. Polymerization of the monomer results in a stable, exceptionally hydrophobic, linear thermoplastic polymer. The invention also includes processes for making the monomer from a diether halide and certain novel intermediates.

Abstract: A fluoroacrylate ester monomer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms and R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl. The monomer has a water-repellent "umbrella" of 3 gem bis trifluoromethyl groups around the acrylate monomer which do not interfere with the acrylate properties. Polymerization of the monomer results in a stable, exceptionally hydrophobic, linear thermoplastic polymer. The invention also includes processes for making the monomer from a diether halide and certain novel intermediates.

Abstract: A diacrylate monomer represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represent CF.sub.3 or C.sub.2 F.sub.5, R' represents --H or --sub.3, R" represents H or --(CF.sub.2).sub.n F, and n is an integer from 1 to 10, and polymer therefrom.

Abstract: A diacrylate monomer represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represent CF.sub.3 or C.sub.2 F.sub.5, R' represents --H or --sub.3, R" represents H or --(CF.sub.2).sub.n F, and n is an integer from 1 to 10, and polymer therefrom.

Abstract: Iodophthalonitrile is prepared by mixing aminophthalonitrile with sulfuric acid at a temperature below 25.degree. C., reacting that product with sodium nitrite at a temperature below 15.degree. C., and reacting that product with potassium iodide at a temperature below 20.degree. C. A fluoroalkyl phthalonitrile is prepared by mixing fluoroalkyl iodide, activated copper, iodophthalonitrile, and a solvent under an inert atmosphere at a temperature from 110.degree. C. to 125.degree. C. at least until the solution turns green. Both compounds are useful in synthesizing phthalocyanines and polyphthalocyanines.

Abstract: A fluorinated phthalonitrile of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is F or CF.sub.3, R is (CF.sub.2).sub.p, m is 1 or 2, n is 1 or , p is an integer from 3 to 30, X is 0, 1, 2, or 3, y is 0, 1, 2, or 3 and z is 0 or 1 is prepared by reacting 4-iodophthalonitrile with the appropriate diiodide in the presence of activated copper in a dipolar aprotic solvent. Heating this phthalonitrile to a temperature from about its melting point to about 285.degree. C. produces a polyphthalocyanine resin. If a salt or metal is added prior to the heating, a metal or salt-coordinated polyphthalocyanine is produced. Polyphthalocyanies are useful in coatings, laminates, filament windings, castings, and structural composites.

Abstract: The synthesis and subsequent polymerization of highly aromatized phthalonile monomers which contain phenoxy linkages having a substantially aromatic spacer moiety between the two terminal phthalonitrile groups is disclosed. The phthalonitriles are synthesized by a nucleophilic displacement of a nitro substituent, which is activated by the ring cyano groups on the aromatic ring, by a phenoxide containing unit. The phthalocyanine polymers have improved toughness, low water absorptivity and higher thermal and oxidative resistance than currently available polymers.

Abstract: A cis-trans fluoropolyol acrylate prepared by reacting acrylic acid anhyde with a fluoropolyol having the structural formula: ##STR1## where R is selected from the group consisting of --C(CF.sub.3).sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 C(CF.sub.3).sub.2 -- and --C(CF.sub.3).sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH(CF.sub.3).sub.2 C--, R' is selected from the group consisting of --H and --CF.sub.2).sub.x F, x is 1 to 8 and n is any integer from 1 to 15, and the crosslinked thermosetting polymer prepared therefrom. The fluoropolyacrylate is useful in fabricating castings, coatings or adhesives.

Abstract: Polyphthalocyanine resins are obtained by heating, at a temperature from ut 240.degree. C. to 305.degree. C., one or more bisorthodinitriles of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein x is from 1 to 10 and the phenyl groups are attached at the meta or para position. These resins have exceptional thermal stability and oxidative resistance making them particularly useful in high-temperature structural composites.

Abstract: A bisorthodinitrile of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R' and R" are perfluorinated alkyls having from 1 to 4 carbon at, and the phenyl groups are attached at the para position. A polyphthalocyanine resin is prepared by heating one or more of these bisorthodinitriles at a temperature from about 260.degree. C. to about 295.degree. C. These resins are particularly useful in high-temperature structural composites used in high-temperature, moist or corrosive environments.

Abstract: Polyphthalocyanine resins are obtained by heating one or more bisorthodiniles of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents ##STR2## at temperature at or above the melting point thereof. The resins are useful in high-temperature structural composites and adhesives.

Abstract: Terminated bis(3,4-dicyanophenoxy) alkanes, wherein the alkylene chain is om 2 to 30 carbon atoms in length, is prepared by the reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile with a terminated alkane diol at elevated temperatures. A polyphthalocyanine resin is obtained by heating the dicyanophenoxy alkanes neat or with a salt or metal at a temperature from about 180.degree. C. to about 245.degree. C. The polyphthalocyanine resin is useful as a high-temperature structural or composite material which is highly resistant to mechanical stresses and strains.

Abstract: Polyphthalocyanine resins are obtained by heating, at a temperature from ut 260.degree. C. to about 295.degree. C., one or more bisorthodinitriles of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R" is hydrogen or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the phenyl groups are attached at the meta or para position. These resins are particularly useful in high-temperature structural composites.

Abstract: A fluorinated phthalonitrile of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is F or CF.sub.3, R is (CF.sub.2).sub.p, m is 1 or 2, n is 1 or , p is an integer from 3 to 30, x is 1, 2, or 3, y is 1, 2, or 3 and z is 0 or 1 is prepared by reacting 4-iodophthalonitrile with the appropriate diiodide in the presence of activated copper in a dipolar aprotic solvent. Heating this phthalonitrile to a temperature from about its melting point to about 285.degree. C. produces a polyphthalocyanine resin. If a salt or metal is added prior to the heating, a metal or salt-coordinated polyphthalocyanine is produced. Polyphthalocyanines are useful in coatings, laminates, filament windings, castings, and structural composites.

Abstract: A random fluorinated polymer of the general equation: ##STR1## wherein x is an integer from 1 to 4, y is an integer from 0 to 4, z is 1 more, R' is selected from the group consisting of the 1,3 and the 1,4 isomers of --OC(CF.sub.3).sub.2 .phi.C(CF.sub.3).sub.2 O--, R" is selected from the group consisting of the cis and trans isomers of --O(CF.sub.3).sub.2 CCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CHC(CF.sub.3).sub.2 O--, and R is either R' or R"; and epoxy resins and urethane resins prepared therefrom.