Abstract: An injection-locked frequency divider for dividing a frequency of an injection signal and obtaining a frequency divided signal is provided. The injection-locked frequency divider includes a signal injection unit and an oscillator. The signal injection unit includes a first input terminal and a second input terminal for receiving the injection signal. The received injection signal exhibits a phase difference of 180° between the first input terminal and the second input terminal. The oscillator includes an inductor unit and a variable capacitance unit. The injection-locked frequency divider is featured with a wide injection locking range, and can be realized with a low operation voltage, and therefore can be conveniently used in different kinds of hybrid ICs.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a semiconductor substrate having a first well region of a first conductivity type, and at least one semiconductor layer formed on the semiconductor substrate. A first cell array is formed on the semiconductor substrate, and a second cell array formed on the semiconductor layer. The semiconductor layer includes a second well region of the first conductivity type having a doping concentration greater than a doping concentration of the first well region of the first conductivity type. As the doping concentration of the second well region is increased, a resistance difference may be reduced between the first and second well regions.

Abstract: An expandable stent includes a tubular structure with an outer surface positionable adjacent to a vessel wall and an inner surface facing a lumen of a body passageway. The tubular structure further includes a plurality of expansion struts, connector struts and cells. The tubular structure has a first diameter which permits intraluminal delivery of the tubular structure into the body passageway, and a second expanded and deformed diameter which is achieved upon the application of a radially, outwardly extending force. A plurality of cavities are formed in the outer surface of the stent.

Abstract: A data reception apparatus is disclosed. The data reception apparatus includes a strobe extractor for receiving a transmission signal and extracting a strobe signal from the transmission signal, the transmission signal including the strobe signal inserted between data signals and a clock signal following the strobe signal, the strobe signal having a different magnitude from a magnitude of a data signal, and the clock signal having an equal magnitude to the magnitude of the data signal, a clock recoverer for recovering the clock signal from the transmission signal, using the extracted strobe signal, and a sampler for sampling the data signals included in the transmission signal in response to the recovered clock signal. The probability of generating a timing skew error in the time interval between a clock signal and a data signal is minimized. Even though the level of a common component might change, the clock signal can be recovered accurately and the size of the clock recovery circuit can be reduced.

Abstract: A system for tracking location of person having signal transmitter includes at least one receiver for receiving unique ID signal transmitted by signal transmitter that transmits ID signal uniquely determined for respective mobile signal transmitter at at least one predetermined period. The receiver receives unique ID signal near circumference of the person having signal transmitter spaced apart from the receiver by given distance, and stores the received unique ID signal in ID store unit. The receiver, when search request for specific ID is received from external server, searches for the requested ID in ID store unit and transmits transmission information including ID corresponding to requested ID to external server. The person, such as abducted person, has only small signal transmitter, and thus the current location of the abducted person and path along which the abducted person moved can be tracked using the signal continually transmitted by the signal transmitter.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a cabinet constituting the external appearance of the washing machine, a tub mounted in the cabinet for receiving wash water, a drum rotatably mounted in the tub for receiving laundry to be washed, a circulation unit for circulating wash water in the inner lower part of the tub through the upper part of the tub, and at least one circulation nozzle for spraying the wash water, supplied by the circulation unit, inwardly of the drum along a rotation axis of the drum in a longitudinal direction of the drum. According to the present invention, it is possible to improve washing or rinsing efficiency of the washing machine.

Abstract: Provided are a multi-touch system and a driving method thereof. The method includes, extracting using a digital processor a touch frequency and at least one angle associated with at least one touch from image information captured by each of at least two cameras, selecting a touch mode on the basis of sum value of the touch frequencies extracted from the image information captured by the cameras, and performing a touch function corresponding to the selected touch mode using a user interface.

Abstract: A method of processing a workpiece in a chamber of a plasma reactor having a set of plural electromagnet coils includes selecting plural predetermined plasma density distributions relative to a workpiece surface, the predetermined plasma density distributions corresponding to different sets of D.C. currents in the coils, and flowing a process gas into the chamber and generating a plasma in the chamber. The method further includes switching plasma in the chamber between the predetermined plasma density distributions by switching D.C. currents through the coils between the different sets of D.C. currents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mobile terminal using a proximity sensor and a control method thereof. According to the control method of a mobile terminal, a moving image screen in which a moving image is played is displayed on a touch screen and the play speed of the moving image is controlled based on a proximity signal detected by the proximity sensor. Further, when a touch signal is input through the touch screen, a moving image screen is captured and a capture image is created. According to the present invention, various screen controls can be performed using the proximity sensor.

Abstract: A rotary compressor having two different compression capacities is provided. The rotary compressor may include a driving shaft that is rotatable in both a clockwise and counterclockwise direction, and having an eccentric portion at an end thereof. The compressor may also include cylinder having a predetermined inner volume, and a roller rotatably installed on an outer circumferential portion of the eccentric portion so as to contact an inner circumference of the cylinder and form a fluid chamber therebetween. A vane is elastically installed in the cylinder and contacts the roller, and upper and lower bearings are respectively installed at upper and lower portions of the cylinder so as to rotatably support the driving shaft and hermetically seal the inner volume of the cylinder. Suction and discharge ports communicate with the fluid chamber based on a rotational direction of the driving shaft so as to provide a different compression capacity depending on the rotational direction of the driving shaft.

Abstract: A plasma processing operation uses a gas mixture of N2 and H2 to both remove a photoresist film and treat a low-k dielectric material. The plasma processing operation prevents degradation of the low-k material by forming a protective layer on the low-k dielectric material. Carbon from the photoresist layer is activated and caused to complex with the low-k dielectric, maintaining a suitably high carbon content and a suitably low dielectric constant. The plasma processing operation uses a gas mixture with H2 constituting at least 10%, by volume, of the gas mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bitmap structure which enables the size of a bitmap field containing reception result information to be significantly reduced while fully performing its acknowledgment function. To this end, a message region for recording indicators, which enables reception success or failure for the maximum allowable SN level packets treatable by block ACK to be confirmed, is assigned. A message region for recording only the reception results for unsuccessfully received packets is also assigned. A receiving party confirms the unsuccessfully received packets through the indicators, and retransmits the unsuccessfully received packets. Also, a transmitting party provides the number of SN level packets and the maximum number of fragmentation packets to the receiving party. The receiving party determines an optimized bitmap configuration scheme, and transmits the reception results for the respective fragmentation packets to the transmitting party based on the determined bitmap configuration scheme.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a coupler, which is used for discharging a chemical outside a container and includes an internal coupler unit and an external coupler unit. The internal coupler unit includes a mounting part and a coupling pipe. The external coupler unit includes a main housing. Coupling seats are formed in respective opposite ends of the main housing, and a side hole is formed in the main housing. The external coupler unit further includes a hollow rod member, and a hollow cylindrical member. The external coupler unit further includes a subsidiary housing fitted over the hollow cylindrical member, a fluid opening control unit, a pumping means connector, a gas injection means connector tightened into the side hole of the main housing, and sealing caps, which close respective openings of the pumping means connector and the gas injection means connector when not in use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel bis-reactive dye with N,N-dialkylamino bridge group, represented by the following formula (I): wherein E1, E2, R, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, G, G?, B, B?, X, m, and n are defined the same as the specification. The bis-reactive dye of the present invention is suitable for exhaust dyeing, cold pad batch, continuous dyeing, printing and digital spray printing materials that contain hydroxyl group or polyamine fibers.

Abstract: An optical recording/reproducing apparatus and a method for determining an optimal reproducing speed, the method comprising the steps of reading data from an optical disk to detect information on a bit rate of the data recorded on the optical disk, comparing the detected bit rate with a predetermined threshold value, and if the bit rate exceeds the threshold value, increasing a reproducing speed of the optical recording/reproducing apparatus by a predetermined level to determine the reproducing speed, and reproducing the data from the optical disk by regulating the reproducing speed according to the determined reproducing speed. The reproducing speed of the optical recording/reproducing apparatus is properly regulated according to a bit rate of the data recorded on the optical disk, thereby improving the reproducing performance thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor package with enhanced joint reliability and methods of fabricating the same. The method includes: forming package units including a semiconductor chip interposed between a bottom layer and a top layer; and sequentially stacking the package units on a substrate. The bottom layer and the top layer are formed of a material having a lower modulus than the semiconductor chip. The semiconductor package includes: at least one package unit disposed on a substrate, the package unit including a semiconductor chip having a pad, a bottom layer and a top layer substantially surrounding the semiconductor chip, and a redistribution structure overlying the top layer. The redistribution structure is electrically connected to the pad.

Abstract: Methods are provided for induction of angiogenesis by administration of nicotine or other nicotine receptor agonist. Induction of angiogenesis by the methods of the invention can be used in therapeutic angiogenesis in, for example, treatment of ischemic syndromes such as coronary or peripheral arterial disease.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for coding genetic information. An aligning unit aligns sample genetic information, wild-type probe genetic information, and mutant-type probe genetic information, based on a mutation position. A code storage unit stores first orthogonal codes assigned to each of bases located at left and right base regions based on the mutation position and second orthogonal codes assigned to a base located at the mutation position. A coding unit creates first code strings and second code strings.