Abstract: An implantable medical device is disclosed. A housing includes a hollow body forming a first electrode on an outer surface with end caps affixed to opposite ends, one end cap forming a second electrode. A microcontroller circuit is provided and includes a microcontroller operable under program instructions stored within a non-volatile memory device. An analog front end is interfaced to the electrodes to sense electrocardiographic signals. A transceiver circuit is operable to wirelessly communicate with an external data device. The program instructions define instructions to continuously sample the electrocardiographic signals into the non-volatile memory device and to offload the non-volatile memory device to the external data device. A receiving coil and a charging circuit are operable to charge an onboard power source for the microcontroller circuit.

Abstract: A P-wave centric subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) for use in performing long term electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring is disclosed. The length of the monitoring performed by the ICM is extended, potentially for a life time of the patient, and the functionality of the ICM is enhanced, by including an internal energy harvesting module in the ICM. The energy harvesting module harvests energy from outside the ICM, and provides the harvested energy for powering the circuitry of the ICM, either directly or by recharging a power cell within the ICM. As the circuitry of the ICM requires a low amount of electrical power, the harvested energy can be sufficient to support the functioning of the ICM even when the electrical power stored on the ICM at the time of implantation runs out.

Abstract: This disclosure provides cascaded reference circuits and low amplitude signal sensing circuits used to perform a Subsurface Spectrogram (SSG). The Subsurface Spectrogram can detect the conductive properties of skin and the underlying tissues. The conductive properties inform what electrolytes and moisture levels are present, which in turn can provide information about the physiological state of the mammal. The Subsurface Spectrogram uses an arbitrary waveform generator to provide a reference signal, the return signals are captured and compared to their original characteristics for changes in amplitude, phase and frequency. From these calculations insight into the amount of skin moisture and electrolyte configuration can be gained. Embodiments of such systems may be especially useful in health and fitness wearable devices where feedback on health and exercise can help mammals achieve an optimal workout, or help them to know when they are experiencing unhealthy stress levels.

Abstract: Long-term electrocardiographic and physiological monitoring over a period lasting up to several years in duration can be provided through a continuously-recording subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor (ICM). The sensing circuitry and the physical layout of the electrodes are specifically optimized to capture electrical signals from the propagation of low amplitude, relatively low frequency content cardiac action potentials, particularly the P-waves that are generated during atrial activation. In general, the ICM is intended to be implanted centrally and positioned axially and slightly to either the left or right of the sternal midline in the parasternal region of the chest. Additionally, the ICM includes an ECG sensing circuit that measures raw cutaneous electrical signals and performs signal processing prior to outputting the processed signals for sampling and storage.

Abstract: An electrocardiography monitor configured for self-optimizing ECG data compression is provided. ECG waveform characteristics are rarely identical in patients with cardiac disease making this innovation crucial for the long-term data storage and analysis of complex cardiac rhythm disorders. The monitor includes a memory and a micro-controller operable to execute under a micro-programmable control and configured to: obtain a series of electrode voltage values; select one or more of a plurality of compression algorithms for compressing the electrode voltage series; apply one or more of the selected compression algorithms to the electrode voltage series; evaluate a degree of compression of the electrode voltage series achieved using the application of the selected algorithms; apply one or more of the compression algorithms to the compressed electrode voltage series upon the degree of compression not meeting a predefined threshold; and store the compressed electrode voltage series within the memory.

Abstract: An extended wear electrocardiography patch is provided. A flexible backing includes an elongated strip of stretchable material. An electrocardiographic electrode is respectively affixed to and conductively exposed on each end of the elongated strip. A flexible circuit is affixed on each end to the elongated strip and includes a pair of circuit traces each originating within one of the ends of the elongated strip and coupled to one of the electrocardiographic electrodes. A non-conductive receptacle securely adhered on the one end of the elongated strip and includes electrode terminals aligned to interface the pair of circuit traces to an electrocardiography monitor to obtain electrocardiographic signals through the electrocardiographic electrodes.

Abstract: Long-term electrocardiographic and physiological monitoring over a period lasting up to several years in duration can be provided through a continuously-recording insertable cardiac monitor. The sensing circuitry and the physical layout of the electrodes are specifically optimized to capture electrical signals from the propagation of low amplitude, relatively low frequency content cardiac action potentials, particularly the P-waves that are generated during atrial activation and storing samples of captured signals. In general, the ICM is intended to be implanted centrally and positioned axially and either over the sternum or slightly to either the left or right of the sternal midline in the parasternal region of the chest.

Abstract: A monitor recorder optimized for electrocardiography and respiratory data acquisition and processing is provided.

Abstract: Long-term electrocardiographic and physiological monitoring over a period lasting up to several years in duration can be provided through a continuously-recording subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor (ICM). The sensing circuitry and the physical layout of the electrodes are specifically optimized to capture electrical signals from the propagation of low amplitude, relatively low frequency content cardiac action potentials, particularly the P-waves that are generated during atrial activation. In general, the ICM is intended to be implanted centrally and positioned axially and slightly to either the left or right of the sternal midline in the parasternal region of the chest. Additionally, the ICM includes an ECG sensing circuit that measures raw cutaneous electrical signals and performs signal processing prior to outputting the processed signals for sampling and storage.

Abstract: A monitor recorder-implemented method for electrocardiography data compression and an electrocardiography monitor recorder with integral data compression are provided. A series of data items are obtained, each of the data items associated with a magnitude of an ECG signal sensed by a monitor recorder. A range is set for an initial one of the data items in the series. Each of the data items remaining in the series is processed, including: obtaining an estimation of probabilities of the data items appearing next to that data item in the series; dividing the further range into sub-ranges, each sub-range representing a fraction of the further range proportional to the probabilities of the next data items; selecting the sub-range corresponding to the data item next to that data item in the series; and representing the next data item by the selected sub-range in a non-volatile memory.

Abstract: Physiological monitoring can be provided through a lightweight wearable monitor that includes two components, a flexible extended wear electrode patch and a reusable monitor recorder that removably snaps into a receptacle on the electrode patch. The wearable monitor sits centrally on the patient's chest along the sternum oriented top-to-bottom. The placement of the wearable monitor in a location at the sternal midline, with its unique narrow “hourglass”-like shape, significantly improves the ability of the wearable monitor to cutaneously sense cardiac electrical potential signals, particularly the P-wave and the QRS interval signals indicating ventricular activity in the ECG waveforms. In particular, the ECG electrodes on the electrode patch are tailored to be positioned axially along the midline of the sternum for capturing action potential propagation in an orientation that corresponds to the aVF lead used in a conventional 12-lead ECG that is used to sense positive or upright P-waves.

Abstract: Physiological monitoring can be provided through a lightweight wearable monitor that includes two components, a flexible extended wear electrode patch and a reusable monitor recorder that removably snaps into a receptacle on the electrode patch. The wearable monitor sits centrally (in the midline) on the patient's chest along the sternum oriented top-to-bottom. The placement of the wearable monitor in a location at the sternal midline, with its unique narrow “hourglass”-like shape, significantly improves the ability of the wearable monitor to cutaneously sense cardiac electrical potential signals, particularly the P-wave and, to a lesser extent, the QRS interval signals indicating ventricular activity in the ECG waveforms. Additionally, the monitor recorder includes an ECG sensing circuit that measures raw cutaneous electrical signals and performs signal processing prior to outputting the processed signals for sampling and storage.

Abstract: Physiological monitoring can be provided through a wearable monitor that includes two components, a flexible extended wear electrode patch and a removable reusable monitor recorder. The wearable monitor sits centrally on the patient's chest along the sternum oriented top-to-bottom. The placement of the wearable monitor in a location at the sternal midline (or immediately to either side of the sternum) benefits extended wear by removing the requirement that ECG electrodes be continually placed in the same spots on the skin throughout the monitoring period. The wearable monitor can interoperate wirelessly with other physiology and activity sensors and mobile devices, and can include cellular phone capabilities. The power usage of the wireless communication can be reduced by using a low energy wireless transceiver in the monitor. The monitor detects that the monitor has been adhered to the patient and begin collecting physiological data after such detection, preserving battery power.

Abstract: An electrocardiography monitor configured for self-optimizing ECG data compression is provided. ECG waveform characteristics are rarely identical in patients with cardiac disease making this innovation crucial for the long-term data storage and analysis of complex cardiac rhythm disorders. The monitor includes a memory and a micro-controller operable to execute under a micro-programmable control and configured to: obtain a series of electrode voltage values; select one or more of a plurality of compression algorithms for compressing the electrode voltage series; apply one or more of the selected compression algorithms to the electrode voltage series; evaluate a degree of compression of the electrode voltage series achieved using the application of the selected algorithms; apply one or more of the compression algorithms to the compressed electrode voltage series upon the degree of compression not meeting a predefined threshold; and store the compressed electrode voltage series within the memory.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an ambulatory encoding monitor recorder optimized for rescalable encoding and a method of use are provided. The monitor recorder includes a memory configured to store a plurality of codes and a plurality of electrocardiographic values associated with each of the codes; and a micro-processor configured to obtain electrocardiographic values during a sequence of temporal windows and to process the electrocardiographic values within each of the windows, the processing including: perform a mathematical operation on two of the electrocardiographic values; analyze a result of each of the mathematical operations; based on the analysis, adjust the plurality of the electrocardiographic values associated with each of the codes; encode each of the electrocardiography values within that window with one of the codes based on the adjusted plurality of the electrocardiographic values associated with that code; and write each of the codes into a sequence in the memory.

Abstract: An extended wear electrocardiography patch with wire interconnects is provided. The patch includes a flexible backing formed of an elongated strip of stretchable material with narrow longitudinal midsection evenly tapering inward from a distal end and a proximal end, the elongated strip adherable only at a contact surface defined on each of the ends; a pair of electrocardiographic electrodes interfaced to one or more of a set of electrode pads, each of the electrodes including an electrically conductive surface only exposed on the contact surface; a battery connected to one or more of the pads of the set via at least one flexile wire interconnect, the battery secured in place via a flexile wire; and the set of electrical contact pads included on the flexible backing and formed by a set of further flexile wires, the set configured to interface the electrodes and the battery with an electrocardiography monitor recorder.

Abstract: A method for constructing physiological electrode assembly with integrated flexile wire components is provided. A flexible backing is formed from a stretchable woven textile material, the flexible backing having a proximal flexible backing end and a distal flexible backing end. A set of flexile wires is integrated into the proximal flexible backing end to form a set of electrical contact surfaces shaped to interface with a monitor recorder on a side of proximal electrical backing end opposite the contact side of the proximal flexible backing end. An electrocardiographic electrode is positioned on the contact side of the distal flexible backing end. A further electrocardiographic electrode is positioned on the contact side of the proximal flexible backing end. One of the electrical contact surface of the set of electrical surfaces is connected to the electrocardiographic electrode.

Abstract: Long-term electrocardiographic and physiological monitoring over a period lasting up to several years in duration can be provided through a continuously-recording subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor (ICM). The sensing circuitry and the physical layout of the electrodes are specifically optimized to capture electrical signals from the propagation of low amplitude, relatively low frequency content cardiac action potentials, particularly the P-waves that are generated during atrial activation and storing samples of captured signals. In general, the ICM is intended to be implanted centrally and positioned axially and either over the sternum or slightly to either the left or right of the sternal midline in the parasternal region of the chest.

Abstract: A monitor recorder optimized for electrocardiography and respiratory data acquisition and processing is provided.

Abstract: An extended wear electrocardiography and physiological sensor monitor recorder is provided. A set of electrical contacts extend from a bottom surface of a proximal end of a sealed housing. The sealed housing includes electronic circuitry, including an electrographic front end circuit to sense electrocardiographic signals and a micro-controller interfaced to the electrocardiographic front end circuit to sample the electrocardiographic signals. A patient feedback button located is on a top surface of the proximal end of the sealed housing and positioned above the feedback bottom on the distal end.