Abstract: Video encoding with half-pixel motion estimation is an example of a data processing in which the degree of resemblance between a data sample [X] and interpolations [I] between another data sample [C] and further data samples [B] is determined for each interpolation [I].

Abstract: Levorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of 1-?(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl!-4-?(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl!piperazine of the formula ##STR1## their preparation and use for the preparation of substantially optically pure enantiomers of 1-?(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl!piperazine, which are themselves valuable intermediate products for the preparation of optically active therapeutic compounds having a very high degree of optical purity.

Abstract: A neural net has a physical topology independent of its functional topology. Cells, being functional equivalents of synapses, are concatenated to form a unidirectional data path. The cells are connected in parallel to a bus for individual or parallel control The respective synapses contributions to a neuron potential are individually calculated in each respective cell involved. Each cell in the concatenation either is rendered transparent or adds its contribution to the data received from the preceding cell and supplies this sum to the next cell. Preferably, the allocation of the synapses to the cells is programmable.

Abstract: Levorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of 1-?(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl!-4-?(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl!piperazine of the formula ##STR1## their preparation and use for the preparation of substantially optically pure enantiomers of 1-?(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl!piperazine, which are themselves valuable intermediate products for the preparation of optically active therapeutic compounds having a very high degree of optical purity.

Abstract: The neural net has a physical topology independent of its functional topology. Cells, being functional equivalents of synapses, are concatenated to form a unidirectional data path. The cells are connected in parallel to a bus for individual or parallel control The respective synapses contributions to a neuron potential are individually calculated in each respective cell involved. Each cell in the concatenation either is rendered transparent or adds its contribution to the data received from the preceding cell and supplies this sum to the next cell. Preferably, the allocation of the synapses to the cells is programmable.

Abstract: The neural net has a physical topology independent of its functional topology. Cells, being functional equivalents of synapses, are concatenated to form a unidirectional data path. The cells are connected in parallel to a bus for individual or parallel control The respective synapses contributions to a neuron potential are individually calculated in each respective cell involved. Each cell in the concatenation either is rendered transparent or adds its contribution to the data received from the preceding cell and supplies this sum to the next cell. Preferably, the allocation of the synapses to the cells is programmable.

Abstract: Levorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers of 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl]-4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]piperazine of the formula ##STR1## their preparation and use for the preparation of substantially optically pure enantiomers of 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)phenylmethyl]piperazine, which are themselves valuable intermediate products for the preparation of optically active therapeutic compounds having a very high degree of optical purity.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the treatment of anxiety in a patient in need thereof, by administering to said patient an effective amount of (S)-(-)-.alpha.

Abstract: New 2-hydroxyl-3-[1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl]-benzenecarboximidamides as well as their salts, having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.2 is hydrogen a hydroxyl group, an amino group or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together are --CH.sub.2 -CH.sub.2 --;processes for the preparation thereof, and ophthalmic compositions comprising the same are also described. These compounds are capable of lowering intraocular pressure and can be used in the prevention and treatment of glaucoma.

Abstract: New substituted cyclopropylamino-1,3,5-triazines having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl-C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -cycloalkylR.sub.2 is bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino, 3-hydroxy-1-azetidinyl, 3-methoxy-1-azetidinyl, 3-oxo-1-azetidinyl, morpholino, 4-hydroxypiperidino, thiomorpholino, thiomorpholino S-oxide, thiomorpholino S,S-dioxide, 3-thiazolidinyl, 3-thiazolidinyl S-oxide, 3-thiazolidinyl S,S-dioxide or 8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3,2,1]oct-3-yl. Processes for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical composition containing them are also given. The compounds are useful for the treatment of inflammation and asthma.

Abstract: New substituted cyclopropylamino-1,3,5-triazines having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl-C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -cycloalkylR.sub.2 is bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino, 3-hydroxy-1-azetidinyl, 3-methoxy-1-azetidinyl, 3-oxo-1-azetidinyl, morpholino, 4-hydroxypiperidino, thiomorpholino, thiomorpholino S-oxide, thiomorpholino S,S-dioxide, 3-thiazolidinyl, 3-thiazolidinyl S-oxide, 3-thiazolidinyl S,S-dioxide or 8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3,2,1]oct-3-yl. Processes for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical composition containing them are also given. The compounds are useful for the treatment of disorders associated with Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, Alzheimer's type and with any evolutive cognitive pathology, and also for the treatment of depression, anxiety, mood disturbances, inflammatory phenomena and asthma.

Abstract: Correlation device calculating a correlation between a current block of a first image and symbol blocks taken from a second image to determine the displacement vectors. Selection means (26) (27) select a limited number of symbols contained in the said blocks to which the correlation calculation relates. This selection can be effected by either a random choice or as a function of the data content of the blocks. The said current block can be divided into zones onto which the selection means act. A correlator (25) performs the correlation calculation block-sequentially on the overall current block and a decision unit (28) determines the displacement vector. It is possible to chose for the correlator (25) an architecture which promotes either its calculation rate or a reduction in its hardware bulk. The invention is used to reduce the flow of data to be transmitted, more specifically for image (television, videophone) or sound processing.

Abstract: A programmable serial multiplier performing the multiplication of a multiplicand by a fixed constant coded on r bits is formed from a battery of (r/2)-1 addition cells (11.sub.O -11(r/2)-2) interconnected in series by a first input, a shift register formed from (r/2)+1 initializable flip-flops (10.sub.O -10.sub.r /2), and an interconnection channel. The latter makes it possible to program the serial multiplier in order to perform the multiplication by the fixed constant C, either with the aid of the value +C when the constant C contains, in binary notation, a number of 1s less than or equal to the number of 0s, or with the aid of the value -C in the reverse case. It may operate with a signed fixed constant C.A computational processor which carries out a linear transform of numerical data, implements such a multiplier. For each multiplication of the linear transform, the processor may operate either with the constant proper or with the constant's oppositely signed number.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant DNA sequences comprising a sequence which codes for human proapolipoprotein A-I wherein part of the natural coding sequence has been replaced by a DNA fragment coding for the same amino acids but consisting of a different nucleotide sequence such as to reduce or prevent formation of hairpins, cloning and expression vectors containing these DNA sequences, cell cultures or microorganisms transformed with these expression vectors and processes using the same for the production of proapolipoprotein A-I.

Abstract: A neural network system comprises a memory for storing in binary code the synaptic coefficients indicative of the interconnections among the neurons. Means are provided for simultaneously supplying all the synaptic coefficients associated with a given neuron. Digital multipliers are provided for determining the product of the supplied synaptic coefficients and the relevant neuron states of the neurons connected to said given neuron. The multipliers deliver their results into an adder tree for determining the sum of the products. As a result of the parallel architecture of the system high operating speeds are attainable. The modular architecture enables extension of the system.

Abstract: New 2-amino-4-morpholino-6-propyl-1,3,5-triazines having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl or acetyl,R.sub.2 is hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, dialkylamino, arylhydroxyalkyl, (hydroxy-cycloalkyl)alkyl, alkanoyloxyalkyl, benzoyloxyalkyl, phenylacetyloxyalkyl, aminocarbonyloxyalkyl, COR.sub.3 or CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, orNR.sub.1 R.sub.2 =(hydroxyalkyl)alkyleneimino,R.sub.3 =alkyl, aryl, haloaryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, aralkyl or aryloxy,R.sub.4 =R.sub.5 =hydrogen or alkyl, alkyl, alkoxy and alkanoyloxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl and alkyleneimino having 4 to 6 carbon atoms. Moreover, when R.sub.1 is acetyl, R.sub.2 is acetoxyalkyl.Processes for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same are also given. In particular, these compounds are useful for the treatment of cognitive and behavioral disorders associated with aging and dementia syndromes, e.g. those associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of cognitive and behavioral disorders associated with aging and with dementia syndromes, for example senile dementia, Alzheimer's type, by administering a 2-amino-4-morpholino-6-propyl-1,3,5-triazine of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 =hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl or acetyl, R.sub.2 =hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, dialkylamino, aryl-hydroxyalkyl, (hydroxycycloalkyl)alkyl, alkanoyloxyalkyl, benzoyloxyalkyl, phenylacetyloxyalkyl, aminocarbonyloxyalkyl, COR.sub.3, where R.sub.3 =alkyl, aryl, halogenoaryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, aralkyl or aryloxy, CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, where R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 =hydrogen or alkyl, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 form an alkyleneimino substituted by hydroxyalkyl, and in addition when R.sub.1 =acetyl, R.sub.2 =acetoxyalkyl, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide, its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same. It can be prepared either by reacting (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetic acid successively with an alkyl haloformate and with ammonia, or, by cyclizing an (S)-2-amino-butanamide of the formula X--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --Y--NHCH(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)CONH.sub.2 wherein Y is a --CH.sub.2 -- radical when X represents a ZOOC-- radical and Y is a --CO-- radical when X represents a HalCH.sub.2 -- radical, Z being a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical and Hal a halogen atom.This laevorotatory enantiomer has been found to have significantly higher protective activity against hypoxia and ischemia than the corresponding racemate.

Abstract: New substituted 1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl-benzamides and their salts, processes for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions.These compounds have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 =hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,R.sub.3 =hydrogen, amino, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl,R.sub.4 =hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, orR.sub.3 R.sub.4 N=pyrrolidino, piperidino or morpholino,R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 =hydrogen, hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, at least one ofR.sub.5 and R.sub.6 being other than hydrogen.These compounds are prepared either by reacting a nitrogen compound with an alkyl 1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl-benzoate or with a 1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl-benzoic acid, or by hydrolyzing in an acid medium a 2-hydroxy-3-[1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)alkyl]-benzonitrile.The compounds have anti-ischemic and .alpha..sub.2 -adrenoceptor agonist activities.

Abstract: (R)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide, its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same. It can be prepared either by reacting (R)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineactic acid successively with an alkyl haloformate and with ammonia, or, by cyclizing an (R)-2-amino-butanamide of the formula X--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --Y--NHCH (C.sub.2 H.sub.5)CONH.sub.2 wherein Y is a --CH.sub.2 --radical when X represents a ZOOC--radical and Y is a --CO--radical when X represents a HalCH.sub.2 --radical, Z being a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical and Hal a halogen atom.This dextrorotatory enantiomer has been found to have significantly higher mnemic activity and lower toxicity than the corresponding racemate.