Abstract: A turbocharger includes a turbine section, a compressor section and a bearing section. A turbine wheel and a compressor wheel are mounted on a shaft and the shaft is rotatably mounted in a bore of a housing. A lubrication system circulates lubricant through the bearing section. First and second spaced apart seals are positioned along the shaft. A recess is positioned between the first seal and the second seal to define an air buffer chamber. The air buffer chamber is provided with pressurized air to discourage lubricant leakage past the first seal.

Abstract: A frictional welding process for joining a titanium aluminide turbine to a titanium alloy shaft is disclosed. The disclosed process includes preheating the turbine to a designated temperature, providing a specially-designed joining interface geometry at the distal end of the shaft and optimizing the frictional welding parameters. The frictional welding is carried out in multiple steps but, while the shaft is being spun by a rotating chuck, two different pressures and two different time periods are used until the narrower portions of the distal end of the shaft have been fused onto the welding surface of the turbine. Then, an additional forging step with yet another engagement pressure between the shaft and the turbine is carried out without rotation of the shaft.

Abstract: A method for placing targeted advertisements on parcel packages moving on a conveyor. The method includes electronically scanning, via a processing device, information regarding one or more packages to be delivered to one or more recipients. Promotion data regarding one or more promotions targeted to the one or more recipients is retrieved. An arrival time for the one or more packages to arrive at a print station is determined based on a rate at which the one or more packages are moving on the conveyor. The promotion data is spooled to the print station at a spool time based on the arrival time. The one or more promotion labels associated with the promotion data are applied on the one or more packages at the print station in synchronization with the package movement rate.

Abstract: A valve seat insert operable with a valve to selectively open and close a passage to a cylinder in an internal combustion engine. The valve seat insert includes a cobalt alloy base including at least about 40 wt % Co and at least about 5 wt % Cr. An oxide scale coating is disposed on at least a wear face of the valve seat insert adapted to engage the valve and optionally on a portion of the valve.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for an internal combustion engine includes at least one compressor wheel. The at least one compressor wheel of a single stage or multiple stage turbocharger system is formed, such as by pressure casting, from at least one of an aluminum metal matrix composite and an aluminum alloy containing up to 5 weight percent scandium.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system includes an engine having an engine housing. The engine system further includes an exhaust system, and a turbine disposed within the exhaust system. A particulate reduction device is disposed in the exhaust system upstream of the turbine. The particulate reduction device includes an exhaust retarder having a flow property which is based at least in part on a residence requirement for combustion of particulates in exhaust gases passing therethrough. The flow property may be a flow restriction property, and the exhaust retarder may include a flow restricting trapping element configured to trap particulates in the exhaust gases. The flow restricting trapping element defines a combustion efficacy to exhaust mass flow and temperature coefficient for the particulate reduction device which is based at least in part on a combustion initiating residence requirement for particulates passing through the particulate reduction device.

Abstract: The conversion of linear polarized light into radial-polarized light is accomplished through a radial polarization generator containing multiple layers of polarizing film, or polarization converters, for converting the beam of light to a different orientation. Using the radial polarization generator, a quasi radial-polarized beam of light can be obtained quickly and easily by simply aligning the light at the center of the polarization generator. True radial-polarization can be obtained by passing the laser through a spatial filter. With such a radial polarization generator, a large frequency range of light may be converted from a linear orientation to a radial orientation.

Abstract: A fuel injector is disclosed. The fuel injector has an injector body and an injector needle located inside the injector body. At least one of the injector body and injector needle has a portion configured to be exposed to a combustion chamber, the portion including maraging or carburizing steel and having a nitrided outer layer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for converting linear polarized light into radial-polarized light are disclosed. The polarization is accomplished through a radial polarization generator containing multiple layers of polarizing film, or polarization converters, for converting the beam of light to a different orientation. Using the radial polarization generator, a quasi radial-polarized beam of light can be obtained quickly and easily by simply aligning the light at the center of the polarization generator. True radial-polarization can be obtained by passing the laser through a spatial filter. With such a radial polarization generator, a large frequency range of light may be converted from a linear orientation to a radial orientation.

Abstract: An ignition system and method of igniting the ignition system includes a main catalyst section in a staged relationship with a pilot-catalyst section to stage a decomposition though the pilot-catalyst section which preheats the main catalyst section.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system includes an engine having an engine housing. The engine system further includes an exhaust system, and a turbine disposed within the exhaust system. A particulate reduction device is disposed in the exhaust system upstream of the turbine. The particulate reduction device includes an exhaust retarder having a flow property which is based at least in part on a residence requirement for combustion of particulates in exhaust gases passing therethrough. The flow property may be a flow restriction property, and the exhaust retarder may include a flow restricting trapping element configured to trap particulates in the exhaust gases. The flow restricting trapping element defines a combustion efficacy to exhaust mass flow and temperature coefficient for the particulate reduction device which is based at least in part on a combustion initiating residence requirement for particulates passing through the particulate reduction device.

Abstract: An interwoven, adhesive backed, electric fence barrier ribbon and tape and a method of weaving thereof. The present invention discloses a fully self contained electric fencing system that is adaptable to many conditions and one that does not require a ground rod or any special soil conditions to operate. The invention accomplishes this by providing two different groups of conductors, each being electrically potentially different from the other and all weaved within the same tape for use with high voltage or low voltage systems. The invention also provides for an efficient and cost effective system to mass produce the product and further more it can be produced in a multitude of color coordinated choices as set forth in the following specifications. Objects and Advantages: The configuration of this design allows for the mass production of this invention with a very cost effective system using tools and machinery that are commonly known to those in this field.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for an internal combustion engine includes at least one compressor wheel. The at least one compressor wheel of a single stage or multiple stage turbocharger system is formed, such as by pressure casting, from at least one of an aluminum metal matrix composite and an aluminum alloy containing up to 5 weight percent scandium.

Abstract: Joint assemblies are useful for connecting one structure to another structure. When the various structures deflect or bend, edge loading occurs therebetween. The subject joint assembly includes a pin positioned between a first and second structure. An insert is free floating positioned around the pin for contacting either of the first or second structures. A crown shaped surface is utilized on the insert at a substantially central location therealong. The crown shaped surface directs forces to the center of the insert to reduce edge loading.

Abstract: Joint assemblies are useful for connecting one structure to another structure. When the various structures deflect or bend, edge loading occurs therebetween. The subject joint assembly includes a pin positioned between a first and second structure. An insert is free floating positioned around the pin for contacting either of the first or second structures. A crown shaped surface is utilized on the insert at a substantially central location therealong. The crown shaped surface directs forces to the center of the insert to reduce edge loading.