Abstract: Using the combination of batteries and supercapacitors to provide impulse, various all-in-one power tools driven by the impulse are devised. The impulse may be utilized in three ways, namely, to launch an object, to create an impact force, and to form a peak current that can be greater than 100A. While the supercapacitors greatly enhance the power output of the power module, the supercapacitors are disposed in-parallel for charging and switched to series connection for discharging on depressing the triggers of the tools. Therefore, the batteries required to drive the portable power tools can be minimized & reduced, and the circuitry for conducting the parallel-to-series switch is simple and economical. Using interchangeable attachments or accessories, and power module of the invention, one tool body can be applied to many types of work and maintenance at homes and in the fields.

Abstract: A data access control system and a method thereof is disclosed. First, the master key is divided into n subkeys to be kept by n holders, by way of secret sharing. The master key reconstruction procedure utilizes the shared secret with the subkey holders to obtain m subkeys (1<m<n) and then reconstructs the master key, using the (m,n)-threshold scheme. The system then uses the master key to access the data. Thus, m subkeys are required to reconstruct the master key in order to amend or read the data in the system.

Abstract: Using the combination of batteries and supercapacitors to provide impulse, various all-in-one power tools driven by the impulse are devised. The impulse may be utilized in three ways, namely, to launch an object, to create an impact force, and to form a peak current that can be greater than 100A. While the supercapacitors greatly enhance the power output of the power module, the supercapacitors are disposed in-parallel for charging and switched to series connection for discharging on depressing the triggers of the tools. Therefore, the batteries required to drive the portable power tools can be minimized & reduced, and the circuitry for conducting the parallel-to-series switch is simple and economical. Using interchangeable attachments or accessories, and power module of the invention, one tool body can be applied to many types of work and maintenance at homes and in the fields.

Abstract: A host node is provided with an I/O port and a display monitor. The I/O port transmits packets to a specific one of the remotely accessible server nodes containing a request for information. In response, the I/O port receives packets containing requested information, entries describing other topics of information that can be provided from the specific server node and entries describing other server nodes. The display monitor has a view area on which images are displayed. The display monitor displays a hierarchically organized table. The table includes the entries describing remotely accessible server nodes and the entries describing topics of information that can be retrieved from the remotely accessible server nodes. The entries are hierarchically organized so as to indicate a hierarchical organization of the entries as provided for retrieval from the remotely accessible server nodes which hierarchical order of retrieval is independent of a specific order of retrieval by the host node.