Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for affiliate interrupt detection. An example method disclosed herein includes determining whether a first time period of a first audio signal corresponds to a first affiliate interrupt period based on whether (1) a first type of watermark is detected in the first time period of the first audio signal, and (2) a second type of watermark is detected in the first audio signal outside the first time period but not in the first time period of the first audio signal, and determining whether the first time period of the first audio signal corresponds to the first affiliate interrupt period when watermarks are not detected in the first time period of the first audio signal based on comparison of first signatures with second signatures representing a corresponding first time period of a reference audio signal.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, articles of manufacture, and methods to identify media using watermarks and signatures are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a watermark evaluator to determine a category indicated by a watermark detected in the media. The example apparatus also includes a signature comparator to compare a query signature with a subset of reference signatures associated with the category to identify the media, the query signature generated from the media, the reference signatures generated from reference media associated with the category.

Abstract: Examples are disclosed to perform signature matching using noise cancellation models to achieve consensus. Example apparatus disclosed herein include a signature matcher to compare a first stream of monitored media signatures to streams of reference signatures representative of corresponding reference media to determine a first signature match, and compare a second stream of monitored media signatures to the streams of reference signatures to determine a second signature match; a match selector to use at least one the first signature match or the second signature match to identify a first one of the reference media corresponding to the monitored media data; and a creditor interface to output identification data for the first one of the reference media identified with the at least one the first signature match or the second signature match, the identification data to be used to credit a media exposure corresponding to the monitored media.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to use station identification to enable confirmation of exposure to live media. Example apparatus disclosed herein include a watermark data segmenter to determine a media identifier conveyed by a watermark, a detection time determiner to determine a time at which a media meter detected the watermark from a media presentation by a media device, a reference identifier to query a library of reference signatures for a reference signature associated with the media identifier of the watermark and associated with a reference timestamp corresponding to the time at which the media meter detected the watermark, and a viewing type determiner to determine whether the media presentation is live or time-shifted based on whether a result of the query indicates the reference signature does not exist in the library of reference signatures.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for delivering extended payloads with composite watermarks. Examples disclosed herein embed a first watermark into a media stream in accordance with a first watermark technology, where the first watermark includes a first indicator bit and a first payload. Disclosed examples also embed a second watermark into the media stream in accordance with a second watermark technology, where the second watermark includes a second indicator bit and a second payload. In some disclosed examples, the first indicator bit and the second indicator bit are to indicate whether the first payload and the second payload are to be combined when the first watermark and the second watermark are decoded.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to identify streaming sessions are disclosed. A disclosed apparatus for identifying streaming sessions includes an encoder to generate an identifier corresponding to a media file of an advertisement, a detector to determine a presence of the identifier in the advertisement presented at a media presentation device, a timing analyzer to determine a time at which the advertisement was presented, and an associator. The associator is to compare the identifier and the time to a streaming session log from a streaming service provider, identify a streaming session in which the advertisement associated with the identifier was presented at the time based on the comparison, and associate a panelist identifier corresponding to the media presentation device with a streaming session identifier corresponding to the streaming session.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for supplementing partially readable and/or inaccurate codes. An example apparatus includes a watermark analyzer to select a first watermark and a second watermark decoded from media; a comparator to compare a first decoded timestamp of the first watermark to a second decoded timestamp of the second watermark; and a timestamp adjuster to adjust the second decoded timestamp based on the first decoded timestamp of the second watermark when at least a threshold number of symbols of the second decoded timestamp match corresponding symbols of the first decoded timestamp.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to determine media exposure of a panelist are disclosed. An example apparatus include memory; computer readable instructions; and processor circuitry to execute the computer readable instructions to: determine an anonymized identifier from media monitoring data corresponding to a personal people meter of a panelist; filter anonymized census data from a plurality of media devices based on the anonymized identifier; when second media data different than first media data is included in the media monitoring data during a same time duration, tag the time duration as corresponding to multiple media exposure; and credit exposure to media for the panelist based on the tag.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to identify haptic vibrations of touchscreens are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein obtain a haptic control signal that is to cause vibrations of a touchscreen to simulate a texture corresponding to visual subject matter to be displayed on the touchscreen, the vibrations of the touchscreen to produce an acoustically detectable signal. Disclosed example apparatus also encode a watermark into the haptic control signal to generate a watermarked haptic control signal, the watermark including identification information to identify at least one of the subject matter or the texture, the watermark to modify the acoustically detectable signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for affiliate interrupt detection. An example method disclosed herein includes determining whether a first time period of a first audio signal corresponds to a first affiliate interrupt period based on whether (1) a first type of watermark is detected in the first time period of the first audio signal, and (2) a second type of watermark is detected in the first audio signal outside the first time period but not in the first time period of the first audio signal, and determining whether the first time period of the first audio signal corresponds to the first affiliate interrupt period when watermarks are not detected in the first time period of the first audio signal based on comparison of first signatures with second signatures representing a corresponding first time period of a reference audio signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture for identifying streaming sessions are disclosed. An example apparatus includes an audience measurer to determine an identifier for a commercial presented at a media presentation device, and to determine a time at which the commercial was presented. The example apparatus also includes a log analyzer to compare the identifier and the time to a streaming session log from a streaming service provider (SSP) to identify a streaming session in which the commercial associated with the identifier was presented at the time. The example apparatus also includes a panelist matcher to associate, based on the comparison, a panelist identifier with a streaming session identifier corresponding to the streaming session.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for delivering extended payloads with composite watermarks. An example watermark encoder includes an first watermark embedder to embed a first watermark into a media stream in accordance with a first watermark technology, the first watermark including a first indicator bit and a first payload and a second watermark embedder to embed a second watermark into the media stream in accordance with a second watermark technology, the second watermark including a second indicator bit and a second payload, the first indicator bit and the second indicator bit to indicate whether the first payload and the second payload are to be combined when the first watermark and the second watermark are decoded.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to identify haptic vibrations of touchscreens are disclosed. An apparatus includes a haptic signal generator to obtain a surface haptic control signal that is to cause a touchscreen to vibrate to generate a perception of a texture for a user interacting with the touchscreen. The texture corresponds to content displayed on the touchscreen. The apparatus further includes a watermark encoder to encode a watermark into the surface haptic control signal to generate a watermarked surface haptic control signal. The watermark includes identifying information to identify at least one of the content or the texture.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to determine media exposure of a panelist are disclosed. An example apparatus include a data extractor to determine an anonymized identifier from media monitoring data corresponding to a personal people meter of a panelist; a filter to filter anonymized census data from a plurality of media devices based on the anonymized identifier; a data supplementer to backfill the media monitoring data using the filtered anonymized census data; and a media creditor to credit exposure to media for the panelist based on the backfilled media monitoring data.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for affiliate interrupt detection. An example method disclosed herein includes determining whether a first time period of a first audio signal corresponds to a first affiliate interrupt period based on whether (1) a first type of watermark is detected in the first time period of the first audio signal, and (2) a second type of watermark is detected in the first audio signal outside the first time period but not in the first time period of the first audio signal, and determining whether the first time period of the first audio signal corresponds to the first affiliate interrupt period when watermarks are not detected in the first time period of the first audio signal based on comparison of first signatures with second signatures representing a corresponding first time period of a reference audio signal.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to determine a state of a media presentation device are disclosed. Example disclosed methods include generating a first set of weighted coefficients based on first audio received by first and second microphones at a first time. Example disclosed methods include generating a second set of weighted coefficients based on second audio received by the first and second microphones at a second time after the first time. Example disclosed methods include comparing the first set of coefficients and the second set of coefficients to generate a similarity value. Example disclosed methods include, when the similarity value satisfies a threshold, determining that the media presentation device is in a first state. Example disclosed methods include, when the similarity value does not satisfy the threshold, determining that the media presentation device is in a second state.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, methods, and articles of manufacture related to end-point media watermarking are disclosed. An example device includes a media receiver to receive a media signal, a watermark generator to generate a watermark, a trigger to activate the watermark generator to generate the watermark based on an external input, an encoder to encode the media signal with the watermark to synthesize an encoded media signal, a media output to render the encoded media signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for watermarking using starting phase modulation. An example apparatus includes memory, and processor circuitry to execute instructions to at least determine a first analyzed phase value for a watermark component of a watermarked media signal at a first time, determine a sum of differences for analyzed phase values with respect to a first one of a plurality of possible starting phase values, the analyzed phase values associated with the watermarked media signal, the analyzed phase values including the first analyzed phase value, in response to the sum of differences satisfying a threshold, decode a first data value corresponding to the first one of the possible starting phase values, and determine a watermark payload based on the first data value.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for delivering extended payloads with composite watermarks. An example watermark encoder includes an first watermark embedder to embed a first watermark into a media stream in accordance with a first watermark technology, the first watermark including a first indicator bit and a first payload and a second watermark embedder to embed a second watermark into the media stream in accordance with a second watermark technology, the second watermark including a second indicator bit and a second payload, the first indicator bit and the second indicator bit to indicate whether the first payload and the second payload are to be combined when the first watermark and the second watermark are decoded.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to determine a state of a media presentation device are disclosed. Example disclosed methods include generating a first set of weighted coefficients based on first audio received by first and second microphones at a first time. Example disclosed methods include generating a second set of weighted coefficients based on second audio received by the first and second microphones at a second time after the first time. Example disclosed methods include comparing the first set of coefficients and the second set of coefficients to generate a similarity value. Example disclosed methods include, when the similarity value satisfies a threshold, determining that the media presentation device is in a first state. Example disclosed methods include, when the similarity value does not satisfy the threshold, determining that the media presentation device is in a second state.