Abstract: A method according to embodiments of the invention includes providing a wafer of semiconductor devices grown on a growth substrate. The wafer of semiconductor devices has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The second surface is a surface of the growth substrate. The method further includes bonding the first surface to a first wafer and bonding the second surface to a second wafer. In some embodiments, the first and second wafer each have a different coefficient of thermal expansion than the growth substrate. In some embodiments, the second wafer may compensate for stress introduced to the wafer of semiconductor devices by the first wafer.

Abstract: A bio-sensor device, integrated with a display portion, includes a surface for touching by a body part, such as a finger. A light source, such as an array of LEDs, emit light through the surface so as to be reflected and partially absorbed by the body part An array of photodetectors detects light reflected back by the body part and generates signals corresponding to an image of the light reflection, which corresponds to the light absorption pattern in the body part. The light absorption pattern may correlate to a fingerprint, a blood vessel pattern, blood movement within the blood vessels, combinations thereof, or other biometric feature. A processor receives the signals from the photodetectors and analyzes the signals to determine a characteristic of the body part. The characteristic may be used to authenticate the user of the bio-sensor device by comparing the detected characteristic to a stored characteristic.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas detector includes an electrochemical cell, a switching circuit, and a drive circuit. The switching circuit is electrically coupled to the electrochemical cell and to the switching circuit. The drive circuit includes a working-electrode terminal, a counter-electrode terminal, and a reference-electrode terminal. The electrochemical cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode. The switching circuit has a first state in which the first electrode is electrically coupled to the working-electrode terminal, the second electrode is electrically coupled to the counter-electrode terminal, and the third electrode is electrically coupled to the reference-electrode terminal. The switching circuit has a second state in which the first electrode is electrically coupled to the counter-electrode terminal, the second electrode is electrically coupled to the working-electrode terminal, and the third electrode is electrically coupled to the reference-electrode terminal.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor device that is efficiently and economically produced at the chip level for a variety of applications is disclosed. In some aspects, the device is made on or using a wafer technology whereby a sensor chamber is created by said wafer and a gas port allows for a working electrode of the sensor to detect certain gases. Large scale production is possible using wafer technology where individual sensors are produced from one or more common wafers. Integrated circuits are made in or on the wafers in an integrated way so that the wafers provide the substrate for the integrated circuitry and interconnects as well as providing the definition of the chambers in which the gas sensors are disposed.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor device that is efficiently and economically produced at the chip level for a variety of applications is disclosed. In some aspects, the device is made on or using a wafer technology whereby a sensor chamber is created by said wafer and a gas port allows for a working electrode of the sensor to detect certain gases. Large scale production is possible using wafer technology where individual sensors are produced from one or more common wafers. Integrated circuits are made in or on the wafers in an integrated way so that the wafers provide the substrate for the integrated circuitry and interconnects as well as providing the definition of the chambers in which the gas sensors are disposed.

Abstract: A bio-sensor device includes a surface for touching by a body part, such as a finger. A light source, such as an array of LEDs, emit light through the surface so as to be reflected and partially absorbed by the body part An array of photodetectors detects light reflected back by the body part and generates signals corresponding to an image of the light reflection, which corresponds to the light absorption pattern in the body part. The light absorption pattern may correlate to a fingerprint, a blood vessel pattern, blood movement within the blood vessels, or other biometric feature. A processor receives the signals from the photodetectors and analyzes the signals to determine a characteristic of the body part. The characteristic may be used to authenticate the user of the bio-sensor device by comparing the detected characteristic to a stored characteristic.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor device with small physical footprint is disclosed. The electrodes within the element are arranged about the electrolyte such that the electrical impedance of the sensor is minimized. This results in a fast stabilization after detecting gasses and enables rapid changes in bias voltage to target different gasses. Gasketing elements, or alternative designs, are included to eliminate the diffusion of gasses between the electrodes within the cell.

Abstract: A bio-sensor device, integrated with a display portion, includes a surface for touching by a body part, such as a finger. A light source, such as an array of LEDs, emit light through the surface so as to be reflected and partially absorbed by the body part An array of photodetectors detects light reflected back by the body part and generates signals corresponding to an image of the light reflection, which corresponds to the light absorption pattern in the body part. The light absorption pattern may correlate to a fingerprint, a blood vessel pattern, blood movement within the blood vessels, combinations thereof, or other biometric feature. A processor receives the signals from the photodetectors and analyzes the signals to determine a characteristic of the body part. The characteristic may be used to authenticate the user of the bio-sensor device by comparing the detected characteristic to a stored characteristic.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell for sensing gas has added mechanical support for the working electrode to prevent flexure of the working electrode due to pressure differentials. The added mechanical support includes: 1) affixing a larger area of the working electrode to the body of the cell; 2) a gas vent to a cavity of the body to equalize pressures; 3) a rigid electrolyte layer abutting a back surface of the working electrode; 4) infusing an adhesive deep into sides of the porous working electrode to enhance rigidity; 5) supporting opposing surfaces of the working electrode with the rigid package body; and 6) other techniques to make the working electrode more rigid. A bias circuit is also described that uses a controllable current source, an integrator of the varying current, and a feedback circuit for supplying a voltage to the counter electrode and a bias voltage to the reference electrode.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a semiconductor device wafer (10) contains electrical components and has electrodes (28) on a first side of the device wafer (10). A transparent carrier wafer (30) is bonded to the first side of the device wafer (10) using a bonding material (32) (e.g., a polymer or metal). The second side of the device wafer (10) is then processed, such as thinned, while the carrier wafer (30) provides mechanical support for the device wafer (10). The carrier wafer (30) is then de-bonded from the device wafer (10) by passing a laser beam (46) through the carrier wafer (30), the carrier wafer (30) being substantially transparent to the wavelength of the beam. The beam impinges on the bonding material (32), which absorbs the beam's energy, to break the chemical bonds between the bonding material (32) and the carrier wafer (30). The released carrier wafer (30) is then removed from the device wafer (10), and the residual bonding material is cleaned from the device wafer (10).

Abstract: An electrochemical cell for sensing gas has added mechanical support for the working electrode to prevent flexure of the working electrode due to pressure differentials. The added mechanical support includes: 1) affixing a larger area of the working electrode to the body of the cell; 2) a gas vent to a cavity of the body to equalize pressures; 3) a rigid electrolyte layer abutting a back surface of the working electrode; 4) infusing an adhesive deep into sides of the porous working electrode to enhance rigidity; 5) supporting opposing surfaces of the working electrode with the rigid package body; and 6) other techniques to make the working electrode more rigid. A bias circuit is also described that uses a controllable current source, an integrator of the varying current, and a feedback circuit for supplying a voltage to the counter electrode and a bias voltage to the reference electrode.

Abstract: A bio-sensor device, integrated with a display portion, includes a surface for touching by a body part, such as a finger. A light source, such as an array of LEDs, emit light through the surface so as to be reflected and partially absorbed by the body part An array of photodetectors detects light reflected back by the body part and generates signals corresponding to an image of the light reflection, which corresponds to the light absorption pattern in the body part. The light absorption pattern may correlate to a fingerprint, a blood vessel pattern, blood movement within the blood vessels, combinations thereof, or other biometric feature. A processor receives the signals from the photodetectors and analyzes the signals to determine a characteristic of the body part. The characteristic may be used to authenticate the user of the bio-sensor device by comparing the detected characteristic to a stored characteristic.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor device that is efficiently and economically produced at the chip level for a variety of applications is disclosed. In some aspects, the device is made on or using a wafer technology whereby a sensor chamber is created by said wafer and a gas port allows for a working electrode of the sensor to detect certain gases. Large scale production is possible using wafer technology where individual sensors are produced from one or more common wafers. Integrated circuits are made in or on the wafers in an integrated way so that the wafers provide the substrate for the integrated circuitry and interconnects as well as providing the definition of the chambers in which the gas sensors are disposed.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor device with small physical footprint is disclosed. The electrodes within the element are arranged about the electrolyte such that the electrical impedance of the sensor is minimized. This results in a fast stabilization after detecting gasses and enables rapid changes in bias voltage to target different gasses. Gasketing elements, or alternative designs, are included to eliminate the diffusion of gasses between the electrodes within the cell.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a semiconductor structure (23) including a light emitting layer. A substrate (10) comprising lithium is attached to the semiconductor structure (23). A surface of the substrate (10) forms an angle with a major plane of the semiconductor structure (23) that is between 60° and 75°.

Abstract: A structure according to embodiments of the invention includes a semiconductor light emitting device and an optical element disposed over the semiconductor light emitting device. The semiconductor light emitting device is disposed in a recess in the optical element. A reflector is disposed on a bottom surface of the optical element. A method according to embodiments of the invention includes disposing a semiconductor light emitting device on a substrate and forming a reflector adjacent the semiconductor light emitting device. An optical element is formed over the semiconductor light emitting device. The semiconductor light emitting device is removed from the substrate.

Abstract: An image capture device, such as a camera, has multiple modes including a light field image capture mode, a conventional 2D image capture mode, and at least one intermediate image capture mode. By changing position and/or properties of the microlens array (MLA) in front of the image sensor, changes in 2D spatial resolution and angular resolution can be attained. In at least one embodiment, such changes can be performed in a continuous manner, allowing a continuum of intermediate modes to be attained.

Abstract: A method according to embodiments of the invention includes providing a wafer including a semiconductor structure grown on a growth substrate, the semiconductor structure comprising a III-nitride light emitting layer sandwiched between an n-type region and a p-type region. The wafer is bonded to a second substrate. The growth substrate is removed. After bonding the wafer to the second substrate, the wafer is processed into multiple light emitting devices.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell for sensing gas has added mechanical support for the working electrode to prevent flexure of the working electrode due to pressure differentials. The added mechanical support includes: 1) affixing a larger area of the working electrode to the body of the cell; 2) a gas vent to a cavity of the body to equalize pressures; 3) a rigid electrolyte layer abutting a back surface of the working electrode; 4) infusing an adhesive deep into sides of the porous working electrode to enhance rigidity; 5) supporting opposing surfaces of the working electrode with the rigid package body; and 6) other techniques to make the working electrode more rigid. A bias circuit is also described that uses a controllable current source, an integrator of the varying current, and a feedback circuit for supplying a voltage to the counter electrode and a bias voltage to the reference electrode.

Abstract: A bio-sensor device includes a surface for touching by a body part, such as a finger. A light source, such as an array of LEDs, emit light through the surface so as to be reflected and partially absorbed by the body part An array of photodetectors detects light reflected back by the body part and generates signals corresponding to an image of the light reflection, which corresponds to the light absorption pattern in the body part. The light absorption pattern may correlate to a fingerprint, a blood vessel pattern, blood movement within the blood vessels, or other biometric feature. A processor receives the signals from the photodetectors and analyzes the signals to determine a characteristic of the body part. The characteristic may be used to authenticate the user of the bio-sensor device by comparing the detected characteristic to a stored characteristic.