Abstract: Methods and devices for high-temperature sealing of metallic components to ceramic components. The disclosed methods and devices for sealing enable a first environment containing one or more fluids to be isolated from at least one other environment containing one or more fluids. The seal may operate at least part of the time at an elevated temperature, such as a temperature above 100° C., above 300° C., and, in some embodiments, as high as 1000° C. In a typical embodiment, the elevated temperature may be in the range of 600-800° C. The first and/or second environments may be at elevated pressures for at least some fraction of the time. The elevated pressure may be above 100 psig, above 500 psig, and, in some embodiments, as high as 15,000 psig. In a typical embodiment, the elevated pressure may be in the range of 1,000-5,000 psig, and more specifically 1,500-3,000 psig.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes an ozone generator for producing therapeutic oxygen-ozone mixture. The generator includes an electrochemical cell configured to communicate with an accumulator having an anode, a cathode and a power supply in electrical communication with the anode and the cathode. The power supply is configured to create an electric current between the anode and the cathode such that water in the electrochemical cell electrolyzes to produce ozone and oxygen at the anode.

Abstract: The system is a drilling bearing device. The device includes an outer body structure, and inner body structure, and a loading structure. The inner body structure is disposed at least partially within the outer body structure. The inner body structure moves relative to the outer body structure. The loading structure is disposed between the outer body structure and the inner body structure. The loading structure facilitates adjustment of a position of the inner body structure relative to the outer body structure relative to the outer body structure resulting from mechanical wear in the device. The loading structure substantially prevents displacement of the inner body structure relative to the outer body structure in response to a reciprocating displacement to maintain a substantially constant relative location.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having an ozone generator associated therewith. The generator is initiated and a therapeutic gas is accumulated within the barrel, at which point it can be delivered from the barrel into a target site via a needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having an ozone generator associated therewith. The generator is initiated and a therapeutic gas is accumulated within the barrel, at which point it can be delivered from the barrel into a target site via a needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having a material treatment module associated with a needle. The material treatment module may be an ozone generator that is initiated such that material containing ozone accumulates within the needle. The material can then be delivered from the barrel into a target site via the needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting a gas is provided. The gas sensor may have a sensing section, a heating section, and a resistance temperature detector. The resistance temperature detector may be co-fired to be integral with at least one of the sensing section and the heating section.

Abstract: A mixed potential NOx sensor apparatus for measuring the total NOx concentration in a gas stream is disclosed. The NOx sensing apparatus comprises a multilayer ceramic structure with electrodes for sensing both oxygen and NOx gas concentrations and includes screen-printed metallized patterns that function to heat the ceramic sensing element to the proper temperature for optimum performance. This design may provide advantages over the existing technology by miniaturizing the sensing element to provide potentially faster sensor light off times and thereby reduce undesired exhaust gas emissions. By incorporating the heating source within the ceramic sensing structure, the time to reach the temperature of operation is shortened, and thermal gradients and stresses are minimized. These improvements may provide increased sensor performance, reliability, and lifetime.

Abstract: A method for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the method includes providing a handheld dispensing apparatus comprising a housing defining a chamber, a material treatment module in material communication with the chamber, an outlet in material communication with the chamber, and a needle in material communication with the outlet for releasing the material from the housing. The method includes collecting a precursor material in the chamber, activating the material treatment module, treating the precursor material collected in the chamber with the material treatment module to create a treated material, positioning the needle in a body, and dispensing the treated material out of the apparatus into the body.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having a material treatment module associated therewith. The material treatment module may be an ozone generator that is initiated such that material containing ozone accumulates within the barrel. The material can then be delivered from the barrel into a target site via a needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having an ozone generator associated therewith. The generator is initiated and a therapeutic gas is accumulated within the barrel, at which point it can be delivered from the barrel into a target site via a needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having an ozone generator associated therewith. The generator is initiated and a therapeutic gas is accumulated within the barrel, at which point it can be delivered from the barrel into a target site via a needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.

Abstract: A mixed potential NOx sensor apparatus for measuring the total NOx concentration in a gas stream is disclosed. The NOx sensing apparatus comprises a multilayer ceramic structure with electrodes for sensing both oxygen and NOx gas concentrations and includes screen-printed metallized patterns that function to heat the ceramic sensing element to the proper temperature for optimum performance. This design may provide advantages over the existing technology by miniaturizing the sensing element to provide potentially faster sensor light off times and thereby reduce undesired exhaust gas emissions. By incorporating the heating source within the ceramic sensing structure, the time to reach the temperature of operation is shortened, and thermal gradients and stresses are minimized. These improvements may provide increased sensor performance, reliability, and lifetime.

Abstract: A gas sensor may include a sintered heating component which includes a ceramic insulating material, and a separately sintered sensing component which includes an ionically conductive material. The sensor may also include a bond attaching the sensing component to the heating component. The bond may be made of bonding material which is different from the insulating material and the ionically conductive material.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting a gas is provided. The gas sensor may have a sensing section, a heating section, and a resistance temperature detector. The resistance temperature detector may be co-fired to be integral with at least one of the sensing section and the heating section.

Abstract: A mixed potential NOx sensor apparatus for measuring the total NOx concentration in a gas stream is disclosed. The NOx sensing apparatus comprises a multilayer ceramic structure with electrodes for sensing both oxygen and NOx gas concentrations and includes screen-printed metalized patterns that function to heat the ceramic sensing element to the proper temperature for optimum performance. This design may provide advantages over the existing technology by miniaturizing the sensing element to provide potentially faster sensor light off times and thereby reduce undesired exhaust gas emissions. By incorporating the heating source within the ceramic sensing structure, the time to reach the temperature of operation is shortened, and thermal gradients and stresses are minimized. These improvements may provide increased sensor performance, reliability, and lifetime.

Abstract: Ceramic catalytic compositions, systems, and methods for oxidizing, converting and/or removing NOxgas species present in gas streams such as exhaust gases are provided. The catalysts of the invention oxidize the nitrogen monoxide (NO) in gas streams to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which may be adsorbed by a metal oxide or other NO2 adsorber. Catalysts suitable for use in systems of the present invention include ceramic oxides, mixtures of ceramic oxides, complex ceramic oxides, and mixtures of complex ceramic oxides. Such catalysts are shown herein to successfully achieve an NO-NO2 equilibrium gas composition at temperatures as low as 275° C. In addition, by using the catalyst with an NO2 adsorber, greater than 95% removal of combined NO and NO2 from the gas stream has been successfully demonstrated. Further, specific strategies have been identified to regenerate the catalyst system and restore performance after prolonged exposure to species such as sulfur dioxide (SO2).

Abstract: A mixed potential sensor device and methods for measuring total ammonia (NH3) concentration in a gas is provided. The gas is first partitioned into two streams directed into two sensing chambers. Each gas stream is conditioned by a specific catalyst system. In one chamber, in some instances at a temperature of at least about 600° C., the gas is treated such that almost all of the ammonia is converted to NOx, and a steady state equilibrium concentration of NO to NO2 is established. In the second chamber, the gas is treated with a catalyst at a lower temperature, preferably less than 450° C. such that most of the ammonia is converted to nitrogen (N2) and steam (H2O). Each gas is passed over a sensing electrode in a mixed potential sensor system that is sensitive to NOx. The difference in the readings of the two gas sensors can provide a measurement of total NH3 concentration in the exhaust gas. The catalyst system also functions to oxidize any unburned hydrocarbons such as CH4, CO, etc.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus for determining NOx concentration of an exhaust gas stream. The apparatus may include an input assembly capable of receiving the exhaust gas and producing a conditioned output gas. The input assembly includes an oxidizing catalyst structure for oxidizing unburned hydrocarbons and gases to higher oxidation states and an equilibrium structure for establishing a steady state equilibrium concentration ratio between NO and NO2, said NO2 concentration between about 0% an about 10% by volume. The apparatus also includes a NOx sensor operably connected to the input assembly for receiving the conditioned output gas of the input assembly. The apparatus also includes an oxygen sensor in operable communication with the NOx sensor, such that the concentration of the NOx present in the exhaust gas can be determined.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for measuring the total NOx concentration in a gas stream utilizing the principles of a NOx sensor, i.e., mixed potential sensor. The exhaust gas is first conditioned by a catalyst assembly that converts the various species of nitrogen oxide gases present to a fixed steady state concentration ratio of NO2/NO, where NO2 is approximately 0–10% of the total NOx concentration present in the gas exhaust, thereby enabling the NOx sensor to generate a meaningful and reproducible determination of the concentration of total NOx present in the gas being measured. The catalyst assembly also functions to oxidize any unburned combustibles such as CH4, CO, etc., and remove potential contaminants such as SO2.