Abstract: A method and an electronic device for translating a speech signal between a first language and a second language with minimized translation delay by translating fewer than all words of the speech signal according to a level of understanding of the second language by a user that receives the translation.

Abstract: A gate driver includes a stage configured to output a gate signal, the stage including an input part configured to control a voltage of a first node and a voltage of a second node based on signals supplied to a first input terminal and a second input terminal, an output part configured to supply a voltage of a first power source or a voltage of a second power source as the gate signal to an output terminal based on a voltage of a third node and a voltage of a fourth node, a first signal processing part configured to supply the voltage of the second power source to the fourth node based on the voltage of the first node, or to electrically connect the second node and the fourth node through a fifth node based on a signal supplied to a third input terminal, and a second signal processing part including a first transistor connected between the third node and a sixth node to control the voltage of the third node based on an operation of the first transistor.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a resonant convertor for a power supply device may comprise a synchronous rectifier comprising at least one MOSFET to convert an alternating current into a direct current; a circuit isolation device to receive a state signal from a component included in a first circuit module and to generate a first synchronous rectifier control signal based on the received state signal; a load state detection module to detect a state of a load stage included in a second circuit side and to generate a second synchronous rectifier control signal based on the detected state; and a synchronous rectifier control module to receive the first and the second synchronous rectifier control signals and to control the synchronous rectifier based on at least one of the first and the second synchronous rectifier control signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for treating neurodegenerative diseases comprising a beta blocker and a cholinesterase inhibitor and, more specifically, to a composition that relieves neuroinflammation, promotes nerve cell differentiation and shows antioxidant effects to exhibit synergistic effects on degenerative neurological diseases.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing a substrate can reduce the concentration of process by-products in a chemical solution.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include an upper interlayer insulating film on a lower wiring structure and an upper wiring structure in an upper wiring trench of the upper interlayer insulating film. The lower wiring structure may include a lower filling film and a lower capping film including a capping opening exposing a portion of the lower filling film. The upper wiring structure may contact the lower filling film. The upper wiring structure may include an upper liner between an upper barrier film and an upper filling film. A sidewall portion of the upper liner may include cobalt doped with ruthenium. A bottom portion of the upper liner may not include cobalt doped with ruthenium. A sidewall portion of the upper barrier film may include tantalum nitride doped with ruthenium (Ru). A sidewall portion of the upper barrier film may not be in contact with the lower capping film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) wherein a plurality of active agents are conjugated to an antibody through at least one branched linker. The branched linker may comprise a branching unit, and two active agents are coupled to the branching unit through a secondary linker and the branching unit is coupled to the antibody by a primary linker. The active agents may be the same or different. In certain such embodiments, two or more such branched linkers are conjugated to the antibody, e.g., 2-4 branched linkers, which may each be coupled to a different C-terminal cysteine of a heavy or light chain of the antibody. The branched linker may comprise one active agent coupled to the branching unit by a first branch and a second branch that comprises a polyethylene glycol moiety coupled to the branching unit. In certain such embodiments, two or more such branched linkers are conjugated to the antibody, e.g.

Abstract: A button-type secondary battery includes a lower can having a bottom surface; an upper can having a top, the upper can and the lower can being coupled to define a space therein; an electrolyte in the space; an electrode assembly in the space and including a negative electrode, a separator, and a positive electrode wound together; a gasket between the upper can and the lower can to electrically insulate the upper and lower cans; a top insulator that is electrically insulating and covering a top surface of the electrode assembly; and a bottom insulator that is electrically insulating and covering a bottom surface of the electrode assembly. The top and bottom insulators are each configured to expand in volume by absorbing the electrolyte. Surfaces of at least one of the top insulator and the bottom insulator are coated with a protective layer to prevent thermal shrinkage from occurring.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multilayer electronic component, the method includes, attaching a margin portion green sheet including a ceramic material, a photocuring agent, and a photoinitiator to at least one end surface of each of the plurality of cut ceramic green sheet stacked bodies in the third direction, an energy irradiation operation of irradiating, with energy, the margin portion green sheet to generate a photocuring polymerization reaction between the photocuring agent and the photoinitiator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, for treating glioblastoma, comprising a nucleic acid complex as an active ingredient and, more particularly, to a pharmaceutical composition, for preventing or treating glioblastoma, comprising a nucleic acid complex having complementarily bound: a bioactive peptide nucleic acid having a sequence binding to TGF-?2 gene; and a carrier peptide nucleic acid. The nucleic acid complex according to the present invention has excellent cell permeability and intracellular activity and can effectively inhibit the expression of TGF-?2 gene and the hypostatic gene thereof, and thus is useful in preventing or treating glioblastoma.

Abstract: Disclosed is a secondary battery pouch film, including an outer layer, a metal layer, and a sealant layer, wherein the sealant layer includes a cast polypropylene (CPP) layer and an extruded polypropylene (PP) layer, and the secondary battery pouch film satisfies the [Equation 1] where A+B<1.354, 0.6?C. In [Equation 1], A is a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the metal layer by a total thickness of the secondary battery pouch film, B is a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the metal layer by a thickness of the sealant layer, and C is a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the extruded polypropylene (PP) layer of the sealant layer by a thickness of the cast polypropylene (CPP) layer of the sealant layer. The pouch film has excellent formability, curling, insulation, bending, and peel strength.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode assembly, a battery, and a battery pack and a vehicle including the same. In the electrode assembly, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween are wound based on a winding axis to define a core and an outer circumference. The first electrode includes a first active material portion coated with an active material layer and a first uncoated portion not coated with an active material layer along a winding direction. At least a part of the first uncoated portion is defined as an electrode tab by itself. The first uncoated portion includes a first portion adjacent to the core of the electrode assembly, a second portion adjacent to the outer circumference of the electrode assembly, and a third portion interposed between the first portion and the second portion. The first portion or the second portion has a smaller height than the third portion in the winding axis direction.

Abstract: A battery includes an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a second electrode and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode, the second electrode and the separator being wound around a winding axis to define a core and an outer peripheral surface. The first electrode and the second electrode include a first uncoated region and a second uncoated region along a winding direction, respectively, and an active material layer coating is absent in the first uncoated region and the second uncoated region. The battery further includes a housing receiving the electrode assembly through an opening formed at a bottom, a first current collector coupled to the first uncoated region and disposed within the housing, a cap covering the opening, a spacer interposed between the cap and the electrode assembly to fix the electrode assembly and seal the housing, and a terminal electrically connected to the second uncoated region.

Abstract: Provided a liquid crystal composition including ceramide, a method of preparing the same, and a cosmetic composition including the same. According to a liquid crystal composition including various types of ceramide of an aspect and a method of preparing the same, the liquid crystal composition not only has high liquid crystal stability that liquid crystal is maintained even after 4 weeks at a high temperature, but also activities of increasing an amount of ceramide, increasing an expression level of aquaporin 3, increasing an amount of filaggrin, increasing an expression level of hyaluronic acid, increasing an expression level of loricrin, increasing an expression level of involucrin, and increasing a thickness of the skin, resulting in effects usefully available for amelioration of the skin conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of removing lead materials from an anode for manufacturing copper foil to regenerate the anode. The method includes cleaning solution preparation, anode cleaning and anode washing. The cleaning solution preparation includes preparing a cleaning solution containing an aqueous solution of EDTA and citric acid. The cleaning solution used to perform the anode cleaning has a pH of 7 to 9 and a temperature of 20 to 50° C. The anode cleaning includes cleaning the anode by immersing the anode including the lead materials attached to the surface thereof in the cleaning solution to perform EDTA-Pb chelation. As a result, the transfer of the lead materials from the anode to the cleaning solution means substantial removal of the lead materials from the anode. The anode, from which the lead materials have been removed, is washed using a high-pressure washer.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices includes a first interlayer insulating layer, a lower interconnection line in the first interlayer insulating layer, an etch stop layer on the first interlayer insulating layer and the lower interconnection line, a second interlayer insulating layer on the etch stop layer, and an upper interconnection line in the second interlayer insulating layer. The upper interconnection line includes a via portion extending through the etch stop layer and contacting the lower interconnection line. The via portion includes a barrier pattern and a conductive pattern. The barrier pattern includes a first barrier layer between the conductive pattern and the second interlayer insulating layer, and a second barrier layer between the conductive pattern and the lower interconnection line. A resistivity of the first barrier layer is greater than that of the second barrier layer. A nitrogen concentration of the first barrier layer is greater than that of the second barrier layer.

Abstract: A battery includes an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a second electrode and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode wound around a winding axis to define a core and an outer circumferential surface, the first electrode including a first uncoated region in which an active material layer is not coated along a winding direction; a housing accommodating the electrode assembly through an open portion at a lower end thereof; a first current collector coupled to the first uncoated region and disposed in the housing; a cap to cover the open portion; and a spacer between the first current collector and the cap and having a height corresponding to a distance between the first current collector and the cap.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode assembly, a battery, and a battery pack and a vehicle including the same. In the electrode assembly, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween are wound based on an axis to define a core and an outer circumference. The first electrode includes an uncoated portion at a long side end thereof and exposed out of the separator along a winding axis direction of the electrode assembly. A part of the uncoated portion is bent in a radial direction of the electrode assembly to form a bending surface region that includes overlapping layers of the uncoated portion, and in a partial region of the bending surface region, the number of stacked layers of the uncoated portion is 10 or more in the winding axis direction of the electrode assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel electrolyte and a secondary battery including the same. The present invention has an effect of providing a secondary battery having improved charging efficiency and output due to reduced charging resistance and having excellent long-term lifespan and high-temperature capacity retention rate.

Abstract: A button type secondary battery includes a wound electrode assembly; a lower can with the electrode assembly and an electrolyte in the lower can; a top plate to close the lower can; a positive electrode terminal coupled to the top plate through a gasket to be electrically insulated from the top plate with a portion of the positive electrode terminal passing through a hole in the top plate to be bonded to a positive electrode tab; a top insulator covering a top surface of the electrode assembly; and a bottom insulator covering a bottom surface of the electrode assembly. The top insulator and the bottom insulator are each configured to expand in volume by absorbing the electrolyte. Surfaces of at least one or more of the top insulator and the bottom insulator are coated with a protective layer configured to prevent thermal shrinkage from occurring.