Abstract: A rotatable battery pack having a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate disposed in parallel to each other and allowing a plurality of battery cells to be disposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate; a casing enclosing the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate and having both ends opened so as to allow cooling air to flow in order to cool the plurality of battery cells; a first terminal protruding from a center of the first electrode plate to an outside of the casing; a second terminal protruding from a center of the second electrode plate to the outside of the casing in a direction opposite that of the first electrode; and a driving motor driving the first electrode plate to rotate the plurality of battery cells, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal are formed on a rotation axis of the first electrode plate.

Abstract: A battery pack including battery cells, a housing to house the battery cells, and a cooling device that cools air flowing through the housing. The cooling device may be installed on an intermediate portion of the housing. The cooling device may include a cooling pipe, in which water flows.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positive photosensitive resin composition that includes (A) a first polybenzoxazole precursor that includes: a repeating unit of Chemical Formula 1 and a thermally polymerizable functional group at least one terminal end; (B) a second polybenzoxazole precursor that includes a repeating unit of Chemical Formula 3; (C) a photosensitive diazoquinone compound; (D) a silane compound; and (E) a solvent.

Abstract: A color filter may include a red pigment as a main component of a pigment, and at least one of a green pigment and a blue pigment as an additional pigment at 0.5-10 wt % among the entire pigment. The color filter may include a green pigment as a main component of a pigment, and at least one of a red pigment, a blue pigment, and a violet pigment at 0.5-10 wt % as an additional pigment among the entire pigment. The color filter may include a blue pigment as the main component of the pigment, and at least one of a red pigment and a green pigment as the additional pigment at 0.5-10 wt % among the entire pigment.

Abstract: 3,4-Dicarboxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-t-butyl-1-naphthalene-succinic dianhydride is provided. The tetracarboxylic dianhydride is represented by Formula 1, which is described in the specification. Further provided is a liquid crystal aligning agent comprising a polyimide prepared using the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a solvent. Further provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer formed using the liquid crystal aligning agent. The liquid crystal alignment layer exhibits excellent electro-optical properties and good processability in terms of printability.

Abstract: A color filter substrate for a liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a substrate having a non-pixel region and a pixel region, a black matrix and a light blocking color filter layered in the non-pixel region, and a color filter arranged in the pixel region. The light blocking color filter may be formed simultaneously with the color filter, and may include color filter material having light blocking properties at various wavelengths to supplement the light blocking properties of the black matrix. The light blocking color filter occupies a portion of the non-pixel region and has a thickness so that the black matrix in the non-pixel region may have a thickness that is less than a thickness of the color filter arranged in the pixel region.

Abstract: A display device with a built-in touch screen panel and a method of manufacturing the same are presented. The display includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a first sensing electrode and a second sensing electrode disposed on the first substrate and spaced apart from each other, and a conductive spacer disposed on the second substrate corresponding to each of the first and second sensing electrodes. The display device is less sensitive to misalignment between the first and second substrates during the manufacturing process compared to a conventional device, and therefore has a lower defect rate than the conventional device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display and a method of manufacturing the same include: a first plate having a thin film transistor, a second plate having an insulating substrate having a plurality of spacer members, the spacer members being disposed on the insulating substrate, preventing light leakage from the first plate and maintaining a predetermined distance between the first plate and the second plate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first plate and the second plate and having liquid crystal molecules aligned in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A method of early sensing of water leakage, through chemical concentration monitoring, in a nuclear reactor system using a liquid metal and molten salt, the method including: measuring an electrical conductivity and a mass spectrum of a first channel and a second channel of a heat-related device included in the nuclear reactor system using the liquid metal and the molten salt; calculating a first identification value associated with the water leakage in the heat-related device using the measured electrical conductivity; calculating a second identification value associated with the water leakage in the heat-related device using the measured mass spectrum; and sensing the water leakage by comparing a predetermined reference value and a summed identification value, the summed identification value being the sum of the first identification value and the second identification value.

Abstract: A water leakage-acoustic sensing method in a steam generator of a sodium-cooled fast reactor, the method including: calculating a standard deviation and an average of an octave band by octave band analysis of an input signal sound received from at least one predetermined acoustic sensor; comparing the calculated standard deviation and the calculated average of the octave band, and determining a size of the octave band based on a comparison result; calculating an average of standard deviations of the octave band recomposed by the determined size and normalizing the average of standard deviations; applying a predetermined weight, established by a predetermined neural network learning algorithm, to the normalized average of standard deviations; and generating leakage determination data based on the average of standard deviations to which the weight is applied.

Abstract: Disclosed are a data storage apparatus, an assembling method thereof and an apparatus for generating a tracking position error signal capable of storing data using recording media formed with patterns for generating tracking position error signals to obviate errors that may be generated amidst storage of the data, wherein the patterns are formed for generating tracking position error signals on recording media before the recording media and storage are assembled to reduce the manufacturing cost and manufacturing process time.

Abstract: A liquid crystal aligning agent suitable for use in the production of a liquid crystal display device is provided. The liquid crystal aligning agent comprises at least one polymer selected from a polyamic acid and a soluble polyimide, an aprotic polar solvent and monoethylene glycol dimethyl ether or dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether. The liquid crystal aligning agent has satisfactory printability. Further provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer formed using the aligning agent. The liquid crystal alignment layer is highly uniform.

Abstract: A color filter substrate includes a substrate, a black matrix disposed on the substrate, a color filter on a sub-pixel area partitioned by the black matrix, a common electrode disposed on the color filter to receive a common voltage, and an anti-reflective layer configured to prevent the reflection of light in the color filter substrate.

Abstract: A display apparatus comprises first and second substrates facing each other, a sensing electrode disposed on the first substrate, and a spacer disposed on the second substrate. The spacer is connected to the sensing electrode as external force is applied thereto, and has a concave-convex section formed on a surface of the spacer facing the sensing electrode. Alternatively, the spacer has a conductor, which contacts the sensing electrode as external force is applied thereto, and a groove receiving the conductor.

Abstract: Provided is a golf club for leisure and sports of a new concept which is an application of a golf game. More particularly, the golf club includes a head, a shaft and a grip in which the head has a plurality of air vent holes to reduce weight of the head to thereby shorten a flight distance of a golf ball when struck and in flight. Accordingly, an effect of saving a land can be obtained by reducing the golf club's head weight, in view of a practical use of the land, when a golf playing field is constructed. Particularly, the golf club enables leisure and sports of a new concept including a new golf playing method, to thereby lead to a popular base spread of the golf play, and to thus provide public effects of making use of people's spare moments such as recreational pastime and promoting fitness and welfare, by change of work situation such as five working days a week or change of social situation such as member's graying.

Abstract: Provided is a ball for leisure and sports of a new concept which is an application of a golf game. The ball relates to a modified golf ball which includes an external member having air vent holes and a core member of a rib form, in which a flight distance is shortened due to resistance of air when struck and in flight. The external member of the modified golf ball is configured to have a spherical outer cover integrated with and overlapped with the outer surface of a hemispherical inner cover. Since the modified golf ball is lightly flied when struck but its flight distance is shortened due to resistance of air, an effect of saving a land can be obtained in view of a practical use of the land, when a golf playing field is constructed.

Abstract: Provided herein is a liquid crystal alignment agent including a polymer component including a polyamic acid repeating unit of Formula 1 wherein R1 may be a tetravalent organic radical; and R2 may include a bivalent radical of Formula 2 wherein one or more of the amic acids in one or more of the repeating units of Formula 1 may optionally be cyclized to form an imide. Also provided herein is a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display fabricated therefrom.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display and a method of manufacturing the same include: a first plate having a thin film transistor, a second plate having an insulating substrate having a plurality of spacer members, the spacer members being disposed on the insulating substrate, preventing light leakage from the first plate and maintaining a predetermined distance between the first plate and the second plate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first plate and the second plate and having liquid crystal molecules aligned in a predetermined direction.