Abstract: A foldable electric vehicle includes a handlebar assembly, a steering pole assembly, a pedal assembly, a driving device and a wheel assembly; the handlebar assembly includes a handlebar head component and a handle component, and a first folding component is provided between the handlebar head component and the handle component; the steering pole assembly includes a handlebar connecting part, a wheel connecting part and an intermediate connecting part, a second folding component is provided between the handlebar connecting part and the intermediate connecting part, and is also provided between the intermediate connecting part and the wheel connecting part; and the pedal assembly includes a front pedal frame and a rear pedal frame, and a third folding component is provided between the front pedal frame and the rear pedal frame.

Abstract: A twistable and stackable shelf includes storage members, an elastic member, a first supporting pipe, a second supporting pipe, a first connecting member, and a second connecting member. Each of the first and second connecting member includes an end portion defining an inserting hole and an inserting portion defining a bottom groove and fluidly connected to the inserting hole. Two ends of the elastic member are inserted into the inserting holes and extend to the bottom grooves; two hooking members are arranged in the bottom grooves. The first and second supporting pipes form a vertical arrangement through the first and second connecting members and support the plurality of the storage members in a vertical direction. Or, the first and second supporting pipes form a horizontal arrangement through the first and second connecting members, and the storage members are twisted and stacked in the vertical direction.

Abstract: The method for discharging the cell includes: pulsively discharging a load, where a discharge pulse forms, through current filtering, a current waveform required by the load; a pulse amplitude of the discharge pulse is a discharge current of a cell, a pulse width of the discharge pulse is not greater than a recovery time tc, and a pulse interval of the discharge pulse is not less than a relaxation time tr; and the recovery time is a largest continuous discharge time of the cell, and distortion of an electrode structure caused within the time can be eliminated in the subsequent relaxation time. The present invention is applicable to intelligent control of discharging of various electrochemical batteries, so that a load (a working condition), discharging, and battery management are fully matched and optimized, each cell works in a healthy running area, and a battery life is prolonged.

Abstract: A method for charging a battery includes: calculating a charge pulse at a next moment based on real-time data of the battery, and change information of a first charge time tc1 and a second charge time tc2, and change information of a first relaxation time tr1 and a second relaxation time tr2, so that the battery has a longest time for being at a highest bearable charge voltage/current in a healthy state, until the battery is fully charged. tc1/tr2 is a longest time within which the cell is at an overcharge voltage/current but no irreversible damage has been formed during a charge, and tr1/tr2 is a time within which the cell recovers from an overcharged state to a normal state within tc1/tc2. Based on the present invention, low-cost and well balanced fast charging is implemented when a requirement of reducing consistency between cells is reduced.

Abstract: A transmission line supplies an alternating supply voltage to electronic circuits of a system. Energy is recycled using the transmission line. Energy from one circuit is discharged and stored in transmission, and this energy may be used subsequently to charge another circuit. The invention will materially contribute to the more efficient utilization and conservation of energy resources.

Abstract: A low power charge pump system having a plurality of charge pump cells. Each cell is a three transistor device that operates to transfer voltage from an input node to an output node of the cell when the input voltage is substantially greater than the output voltage and to block when the output voltage is substantially greater than the input voltage. Each cell has a pump capacitor is connected between a clock and its output, the odd-numbered cells having a first clock connected to their pump capacitors and the even-numbered cells having a second clock connected to their pump capacitors. During a first phase of either the first or second clock, the cell operates to transfer a voltage on its input node to its output node and during a second phase, the cell operates to boost its output voltage by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating logic circuitry with recycled energy. Logic circuitry is used which has a node for storing energy and a return node that is connected to energy storage circuitry. The logic circuitry operates, using energy stored on the node, to determine a logic output based on a logic input during a first phase. The energy storage circuitry capture a portion of the stored energy during the operation of the logic circuitry and transfers a portion of the captured energy back to the node during a second phase. The energy storage circuitry oscillates with a determinable period and is tunable so that its oscillations can be synchronized to a clock.

Abstract: Dynamic low-power logic using recycled energy is disclosed. Logic circuits have a discharge path, a precharge path and a control circuit. The precharge path is a PMOS transistor coupled between the clock line and the output node of the circuit and configured to charge the output node to the loic high voltage of the clock line during a precharge phase. During an evaluation phase, the discharge path computes the desired logic function at the output node. A control circuit is connected between the output node and the clock line and to the gate of the precharge path transistor. The control circuit provides the proper gate drive, regardless of the voltage on the output node or the inputs to the discharge path, to guarantee that the precharge transistor fully charges the output node to the logic high voltage of the clock line, which provides recycled energy for operating the circuit.

Abstract: A low power dynamic circuit with an inverter-like output is disclosed. The dynamic circuit includes a precharge circuit, a discharge circuit, and an output circuit. The precharge circuit charges a precharge node from the clock signal when the data input signal is low and the clock input is high. The discharge circuit discharges a discharge node to the clock signal when the data input signal is high and the clock input is low. The output circuit is an inverter-like configuration that uses the precharge node to generate a logic high and the discharge node to generate a logic low, as required by the data input signal. In one embodiment, the precharge circuit is operative with a first clock and the discharge circuit is operative with a second clock. In yet another embodiment, there is only a precharge circuit and an output circuit.

Abstract: A low power charge pump system having a plurality of charge pump cells. Each cell is a three transistor device that operates to transfer voltage from an input node to an output node of the cell when the input voltage is substantially greater than the output voltage and to block when the output voltage is substantially greater than the input voltage. Each cell has a pump capacitor is connected between a clock and its output, the odd-numbered cells having a first clock connected to their pump capacitors and the even-numbered cells having a second clock connected to their pump capacitors. During a first phase of either the first or second clock, the cell operates to transfer a voltage on its input node to its output node and during a second phase, the cell operates to boost its output voltage by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating logic circuitry with recycled energy. Logic circuitry is used which has a node for storing energy and a return node that is connected to energy storage circuitry. The logic circuitry operates, using energy stored on the node, to determine a logic output based on a logic input during a first phase. The energy storage circuitry capture a portion of the stored energy during the operation of the logic circuitry and transfers a portion of the captured energy back to the node during a second phase. The energy storage circuitry oscillates with a determinable period and is tunable so that its oscillations can be synchronized to a clock.

Abstract: A single bit line, pulse-operated memory cell. The memory cell includes a first and second inverter, write access and feedback-control transistors, and read access transistor and read buffer transistors. The output of the first inverter is connected to the input of the second inverter and the output of the second inverter is connected to the input of the first inverter through the channel of the feedback-control transistor. The write access and feedback-control transistors are opposite types, and their gates are connected together so that when the feedback control transistor is on the write-access transistor is off and visa versa. Writing the cell thus avoids contending the with the on-transistor of the second inverter. The output of the cell is sensed by the gate of the buffer transistor and coupling the output of the buffer transistor through the read access transistor to the read output line.

Abstract: A low power charge pump system having a plurality of charge pump cells. Each cell is a three transistor device that operates to transfer voltage from an input node to an output node of the cell when the input voltage is substantially greater than the output voltage and to block when the output voltage is substantially greater than the input voltage. Each cell has a pump capacitor is connected between a clock and its output, the odd-numbered cells having a first clock connected to their pump capacitors and the even-numbered cells having a second clock connected to their pump capacitors. During a first phase of either the first or second clock, the cell operates to transfer a voltage on its input node to its output node and during a second phase, the cell operates to boost its output voltage by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: Dynamic low-power logic using recycled energy is disclosed. Logic circuits have a discharge path, a precharge path and a control circuit. The precharge path is a PMOS transistor coupled between the clock line and the output node of the circuit and configured to charge the output node to the logic high voltage of the clock line during a precharge phase. During an evaluation phase, the discharge path computes the desired logic function at the output node. A control circuit is connected between the output node and the clock line and to the gate of the precharge path transistor. The control circuit provides the proper gate drive, regardless of the voltage on the output node or the inputs to the discharge path, to guarantee that the precharge transistor fully charges the output node to the logic high voltage of the clock line, which provides recycled energy for operating the circuit.

Abstract: A method and aparatus for operating logic circuitry with recycled energy. Logic circuitry is used which has a node for storing energy and a return node that is connected to energy storage circuitry. The logic circuitry operates, using energy stored on the node, to determine a logic output based on a logic input during a first phase. The energy storage circuitry capture a portion of the stored energy during the operation of the logic circuitry and transfers a portion of the captured energy back to the node during a second phase. The energy storage circuitry oscillates with a determinable period and is tunable so that its oscillations can be synchronized to a clock.

Abstract: Dynamic low-power logic using recycled energy is disclosed. Logic circuits have a discharge path, a precharge path and a control circuit. The precharge path is a PMOS transistor coupled between the clock line and the output node of the circuit and configured to charge the output node to the logic high voltage of the clock line during a precharge phase. During an evaluation phase, the discharge path computes the desired logic function at the output node. A control circuit is connected between the output node and the clock line and to the gate of the precharge path transistor. The control circuit provides the proper gate drive, regardless of the voltage on the output node or the inputs to the discharge path, to guarantee that the precharge transistor fully charges the output node to the logic high voltage of the clock line, which provides recycled energy for operating the circuit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating logic circuitry with recycled energy. Logic circuitry is used which has a node for storing energy and a return node that is connected to energy storage circuitry. The logic circuitry operates, using energy stored on the node, to determine a logic output based on a logic input during a first phase. The energy storage circuitry capture a portion of the stored energy during the operation of the logic circuitry and transfers a portion of the captured energy back to the node during a second phase. In one embodiment, the logic circuitry and the energy storage circuitry form a resonant circuit and the logic circuitry operates synchronously to a clock. In another embodiment, the energy storage circuitry includes a resonant circuit configured to oscillate with a determinable period. The resonant circuit is tunable so that its oscillations can be synchronized to a clock.

Abstract: Dynamic low-power logic using recycled energy is disclosed. Logic circuits have a discharge path, a precharge path and a control circuit. The precharge path is a PMOS transistor coupled between the clock line and the output node of the circuit and configured to charge the output node to the logic high voltage of the clock line during a precharge phase. During an evaluation phase, the discharge path computes the desired logic function at the output node. A control circuit is connected between the output node and the clock line and to the gate of the precharge path transistor. The control circuit provides the proper gate drive, regardless of the voltage on the output node or the inputs to the discharge path, to guarantee that the precharge transistor fully charges the output node to the logic high voltage of the clock line, which provides recycled energy for operating the circuit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating logic circuitry with recycled energy. An energy storage device such as an inductor collects energy that used to operate logic circuitry during a first phase of a clock cycle and returns the collected energy back to the circuit during a second phase of the clock cycle. An adaptive circuit senses the collected energy that is returned to the logic circuit during the second phase of the clock cycle to determine whether the energy has fallen below a predetermined limit. If so, the adaptive circuit supplies any needed energy during the second phase of the clock cycle. The inductor that collects energy used to operate the logic circuitry and the inherent capacitance of the logic circuitry form a resonant circuit that operates in synchronism with the clock cycle, the inductor storing energy during the first phase and returning the energy to the inherent capacitance of the logic circuitry during the second phase.